scholarly journals Neurotoxicity of Subarachnoid Preservative-Free S (+)-Ketamine in Dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 1;14 (1;1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
João Batista Santos Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Preservative Free ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Conventional Light Microscopy

Background: Subarachnoid S(+)-ketamine is a matter of much debate as the results regarding its toxicity are contradictory. Objectives: Our objective was to investigate possible histopathological alterations after subarachnoid administration of different doses of preservative-free S(+)-ketamine to dogs. Study design: A randomized, blind, prospective experimental study. Setting: Center for Research on Pain at the Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil. Methods: Sixteen adult mongrel dogs of both sexes, each weighing 11 to 20 kg were divided into 3 groups: Group I (n=6), 0.7 mg/kg-1 S(+)-ketamine; Group II (n=6), 0.5 mg/ kg-1 S(+)-ketamine, and a control group, Group III, (n=4), 0.9% NaCl. All substances were administered in one mL volume doses. The animals were kept in captivity for 2 weeks; after this period, they were put down and lumbar and sacral portions of the spinal cords were removed for histological examination using conventional light microscopy. Results: There were histological alterations in the spinal cords of the test subjects in the control group. Comparison showed significant histological abnormalities in Groups I and II when compared to the control group, including gliosis, axonal edema, central chromatolysis, lymphocyte infiltration and fibrous thickening of the dura mater. Limitations: Test subjects received only a single dose each. The observation period was not very long, less than a month. Conclusions: Subarachnoid administration of S(+)-ketamine without preservative caused histological lesions on the spinal cord and meninges in the dogs studied. S(+)-ketamine should not be given to clinical patients in this way until further evaluation of the significance of this toxicity has been conducted. Key words: S(+)-ketamine. subarachnoid, neurotoxicity, dog, histopathology

Features of the cervix uteri in women of reproductive age with endometrial polyps and micropolyps

2016 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
T.F. Tatarchuk ◽  
◽  
D.G. German ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Control Group Group

The article presents the comparative analysis of the state of the cervix in women with endometrial polyps and micropolyps. Patients and methods. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 70 patients with endometrial polyps (group I), 30 patients with micropolyps (group II) and 30 patients of the control group (group III). Results. According to the anamnesis of women in the I group were significantly more frequent diseases of the cervix, which corrected physical surgery methods, in particular cryodestruction. In group II, the representatives of these indicators were similar to healthy. Normal colposcopic picture met significantly less frequently in patients and I, and II group. The differences in the incidence of HPV high oncogenic risk in all groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Destructive methods used in the detection of any changes in the cervix are often overly aggressive, form scars and contributing to inflamaciones process. In the chain of events leading to the formation of PE, cervical pathology and its correction can take the basic place. Key words: endometrial polyp, micropolyps, chronic endometritis, uterine cervix, colposcopy.

scholarly journals Anti-allergic Activity of 70% Ethanol Extract of Strawberries in Ovalbumin Induced Male Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Siska ◽  
Diene Roufiani ◽  
Ema Dewanti
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Antiallergic Activity ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Group Group

Anaphylaxis is the most common allergic reaction triggered by allergens such as insect poisons, food, and drugs through skin contact, injection, or inhalation. In vitro previous research showed that strawberries fruit have activity as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammation, and anti-allergic. The research aimed to determine the antianaphylaxis strawberry fruit extract in mice (Balb/C strain) with ovalbumin-induced.  Twenty-four Balb/C strain mice were divided into six groups (n=4). Group I and II as a normal and control group. Group III till VI as a treatment group was given cetirizine dose 0.042 mg/20 g BW and strawberry extract doses 0,68; 1,36; and 2,72 mg/20 g BW, respectively. This research showed that 70 % of ethanol extract of strawberries fruit have antiallergic activity in response to active cutaneous anaphylaxis. 70% ethanol extract of strawberries doses 2.72 mg/20 g BW had similar antiallergic activity compare with cetirizine. The conclusion of this study showed that strawberries fruit extract could be developed as an alternative medicine to anti-anaphylaxis or anti-allergic.

Immunization of Guineapigs against Ascaris suum

1960 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 347-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Taffs
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Successful Attempt ◽  
Group I ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Previous Infection ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Intravenous Inoculation ◽  
Subcutaneous Inoculation ◽  
Control Group Group

It has been shown that guineapigs can be effectively protected against re-infection by the subcutaneous inoculation of embryonated Ascaris eggs (Soulsby, 1957). The purpose of this communication is to report a successful attempt to immunize guineapigs against a lethal oral challenge dose of eggs by the intravenous inoculation of third stage larvae of A. suum.Three groups, each containing nine guineapigs, were infected with Ascaris as follows: Group I was given 10,000 eggs by mouth. Group II Was inoculated intravenously with 2,000 third stage Ascaris larvae which had been obtained from the lungs of other guineapigs on the sixth day of infection. Both groups were challenged at the same time with 250,000 eggs by mouth, along with a control group (Group III) which had no previous infection. The guineapigs in Group I were re-infected after 18 days and those in Group II after 12 days.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF THE SIMMENTAL BREED BULLS BY PROBIOTICS VETOSPORIN SUSPENSION FEEDING

2018 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Фаргат Вагапов ◽  
Fargat Vagapov ◽  
Наталья Гизатова ◽  
Natal'y Gizatova
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Different Doses

The purpose of research is increase of beef productivity and beef quality of Simmental calves at introduc-tion in a diet of feeding different doses of the drug Vetosporin suspension. Of the half-yearly animals, 40 males were selected and formed into group IV for the experiment. The differences were only in feeding. The young were fed the studied additive Vetosporin suspension. In this case, the supplement was an addi-tion to the basic diet of animals of the experimental II-IV groups. The volume of the additive added was 0.1; 1.0; and 2 ml per 10 kg of live weight, respectively. Control group I, consumed exclusively a diet that does not contain an additive. Based on the results of the experiment at the age of 18 months. The prevalence of bulls of the experimental live weight over peers was observed, which was 4.4-25.3 kg (0.78-4.67%). The study of the studied indicators after control slaughter in the context of groups showed the superiority of bulls of experimental groups in all the periods studied. It is established that at the age of 15 months. The size of the removable live weight of the youngest of the control group was less by 8.0-19.7 kg (1.75-4.29%) than in the animals of the test groups. In this case, the leading position was occupied by the youngest of group III, the prevalence of which was 0.7-11.7 (0.14 -2.51%). It should be noted that after 3 months a simi-lar picture of the distribution of the studied quantities was observed. As for the output of carcass, we can note the following. Outsider among the animals of the experimental groups was the control group. So the bulls of group I were inferior to those who received the additive by 0.7-1.3%. At 18 months, as well as at 15 months, the dominant position was occupied by gobies of experimental groups. It should be noted that among the animals of the experimental groups the leading place was occupied by the bulls receiving the feed additive in a dose of 1.0 ml per 10 kg of live weight, that is, the youngest of the III group.

scholarly journals Biological Significance of the Overexpression of HSP70 and Alpha B-Crystallin in Rat Substantia Nigra Exposed to Different Doses of Permethrin

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Guvenc ◽  
Yonca Betil Kabak ◽  
Enes Atmaca ◽  
Abdurrahman Aksoy ◽  
Tolga Guvenc
Keyword(s):  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Group I ◽  
Different Doses

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of the Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) and Alpha B-crystallin (αBC) in the substantia nigra of rats exposed to permethrin at different doses on the apoptotic cell status. The orogastric gavage method was used to administer the different doses of permethrin (75 mg kg-1 in Group I, 150 mg kg-1 in group II, 300 mg kg-1 in group III) to the rats. Using the Western blot test, all the permethrin-treated groups showed a dose-dependent increase in the expression of HSP70 and αBC when compared to the control group. TUNEL positive apoptotic cells were not detected in the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra after treatment with permethrin; however, upon immunofluorescent staining, intense positive reactions for HSP70 and αBC were observed in all of the treated groups. No immunopositive cells were detected in the tissue sections of the control group. These results suggest that the different administered doses of permethrin did not cause apoptotic cell death in the substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons; however, they did induce an increase in HSP70 and αBC expression. Thus, it appears that HSP70 and αBC could play a neuroprotective role in permethrin-induced neurotoxicity.

Polydrug- and Methadone-Addicted Newborns: A Continuum of Impairment?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira J. Chasnoff ◽  
Roger Hatcher ◽  
William J. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Outcome Group ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group Group

Two groups of infants born to drug-addicted mothers were evaluated in a prospective controlled study and compared with a third control group. Group I infants (N = 39) were born to mothers on well-controlled low-dose methadone maintenance. Group II infants (N = 19) were born to polydrug-abusing mothers, and group III infants (N = 27) were born to control mothers who had no history or evidence of drug abuse. All three groups were matched for maternal factors that might affect neonatal outcome. Group I infants were significantly smaller than control infants for all growth measurements and had a significantly smaller head circumference than group II infants. Utilizing the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, group I infants showed more depression of interactive behaviors and state controls than group II infants, who in turn were more depressed than group III infants. The effects of nonnarcotic drugs on intrauterine growth and neonatal behavior appear to place the polydrug-addicted newborn in an intermediate zone of deficit between normal and opiate-addicted newborns.

scholarly journals Microhardness and Fracture Resistance of Radicular Dentin Treated with Different Concentrations of Calcium Hydroxide in Endodontic Regeneration Procedures

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (D) ◽  
pp. 324-329
Author(s):  
Sara N. Hashem ◽  
Maha Adel Elhousiny
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Endodontic Regeneration ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Group Group

Purpose: to reveal the effect of different concentrations of prepared calcium hydroxide pastes (70%, 50%, and 30%) used in regenerative endodontic on microhardness and fracture resistance of radicular dentin. Material and methods: Different concentrations of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) were prepared with measured pH, then forty eight single rooted teeth were prepared and randomized into three groups according to Ca(OH)2 paste concentrations (12 samples each) and 12 samples were availed as control group. Group I: root canal contained 30% Ca(OH)2 paste. Group II: root canal contained 50% Ca(OH)2 paste. Group III: root canal contained 70% Ca(OH)2 paste. Samples were stored at 37 0C with 100% humidity for four weeks for subsequent microhardness and fracture resistance tests. Results: There was a statistically significant reduction of microhardness  and fracture resistance between test groups and control group (P≤ 0.05), group III showed a  significant reduction  in both microhardness and fracture resistance compared to group I. However, there was no significant difference in pH between different concentration of Ca(OH)2. Conclusion: Increasing concentration of Ca(OH)2 paste can negatively affect microhardness and fracture resistance of radicular dentin in revascularization procedure.

scholarly journals Erosive Effect of Soft Drink and Fresh Fruit Juice on Restorative Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Namineni ◽  
Prabhadevi C Maganur ◽  
Attiguppe R Prabhakar ◽  
V Satish ◽  
Ameet Kurthukoti
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
Erosive Effect ◽  
Control Group Group

ABSTRACT Aims To evaluate and compare the effect of a soft drink and a fresh fruit juice on microleakage as well as surface texture of flowable composite (Filtek” Flow 3M Dental products) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GIC) (Vitremer” 3M Dental products). Materials and methods Seventy noncarious human premolars extracted for orthodontic treatment purpose were collected and stored in saline for microleakage study. The experimental groups comprised of 60 teeth, while the remaining 10 formed the control group. Class V cavities were prepared and restored with RMGIC on the buccal surface and Filtek Flow on the lingual surface for evaluating microleakage. The experimental samples were then divided into two groups (group I: Cola drink and group II: Fresh orange fruit juice) of 30 teeth. Each of this group was further divided into three subgroups (low, medium and high immersion) containing 10 teeth. The control group (group III: Water) contained 10 teeth. Using a brass mold, 56 pellets were prepared with Filtek” Flow and Vitremer” tri-cure restorative material each for studying surface texture. Again these were divided into experimental group of 48 pellets each and control group of eight pellets each. The experimental samples were then divided into two groups (group I: Cola drink and group II: Fresh orange fruit juice) of 24 pellets of each. Each of this group was further divided into three subgroups (low, medium and high immersion) containing eight pellets each. The control group (group III: Water) contained 16 pellet (eight pellets of each material). Both the teeth and pellets were subjected to a common immersion regime according to Maupome et al. Microleakage was evaluated by using Rhodamine B dye and surface texture was evaluated prior to immersion and final surface roughness (Ra) after subjecting the pellets to immersion regime. Statistical analyses used were Chi-square test/Fisher exact test, Wilcoxon's signed rank test and Mann-Whitney test and ANOVA test. Results and conclusion The teeth and the pellets showed statistically significant microleakage and surface roughness respectively as the immersion regime increased. Thus, the study conclusively proves that the 'sipping habit’ associated with commonly available low pH beverages, are detrimental to the longevity of restorations. How to cite this article Maganur PC, Prabhakar AR, Satish V, Namineni S, Kurthukoti A. Erosive Effect of Soft Drink and Fresh Fruit Juice on Restorative Materials. World J Dent 2013;4(1): 32-40.

Effect of verapamil on myocardial changes in experimental hypertensive rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 816-817
Author(s):  
Selma Yilmazer ◽  
Ismail Seçkin ◽  
Mustafa Tasyürekli ◽  
Oktay Arda ◽  
Güngör Satiroglu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group Group

Recent experimental and clinical studies have reported on the effectiveness of calcium antagonists in the treatment of hypertension. The influence of such therapy on the morphologic features of heart, however has not been systematically studied. In the present study we have investigated the effect of verapamil, a calcium antagonist, on blood pressure and on ultrastructural features of myocardium in rats made hypertensive with DOCA + salt.Experiments were carried out with 24 female Wistar rats, 4 weeks of age. The animals were divided into 3, 8 animals per group. Group I was considered as the control group. Group II was injected intraperitoneally with 3 mg/kg daily of DOCA for 5 weeks and 154 NaCl was added in their drinking water. Group III received 8mg/kg daily of verapamil hydrochloride (Isoptin, Knoll Pharmaceutical Co.) orally, in additon to DOCA and salt. Five weeks after the start of the experiment systolic blood pressure was recorded and animals were killed. Left ventricle was dissected and prepared for electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of two different doses of intrathecal calcitonin, a randomized controlled study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Pravin Kumar G. ◽  
Kirubahar R. ◽  
Vijay Kanna M.
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Different Doses

Background: Adjuvants play an important role in enhancing the quality of anesthesia and also in reducing the requirement of primary anesthetic and its related adverse events. Calcitonin is one such adjuvant. But there is still uncertainty regarding the appropriate dose of calcitonin to achieve maximum analgesic efficacy and safety. The current study is conducted to add to the existing evidence on the subject and was aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of two different doses of calcitonin as an adjuvant in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia.Methods: A prospective randomized controlled double-blind trial was conducted in the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sir Sunderlal Hospital, Banaras Hindu University from May 2006 to May 2007. A total of 80 participants aged between 18 to 60 years, with ASA I and II physical status, undergoing infra-umbilical surgeries were randomly allocated to one of the 4 intervention groups. All the 4 intervention groups received 0.5% bupivacaine (H) 3ml as a primary anesthetic agent. Group I and III received 50 IU and 100 IU salmon calcitonin as an adjuvant. Group II received placebo and group IV (control) received no adjuvant. Pinprick test, Bromage scale and 10-point Visual analog scale (VAS) were used to measure the efficacy.Results: All the study groups were comparable with respect to all baseline variables. The time interval to the first dose of analgesia was longest in 100 I.U. calcitonin group, followed by 50 I.U. calcitonin group, placebo control group. The mean duration of analgesia (in minutes) among group I (100I.U. calcitonin) was 230.00±92.39, 159.25±21.59 among group II (Placebo), 161.50±31.20 among group III (50 I.U. calcitonin) and 142.75±20.22 among group IV. Considering group IV (control group) as base line. The differences of duration of analgesia (in minutes) in group I, group II and group III with baseline value (group IV) were statistically significant (P value <0.05). Even though the proportion of subjects developing adverse events was slightly higher in 100 I.U calcitonin groups compared to other groups, they were minor adverse events and were managed appropriately. There were no significant differences across the study groups in terms of hemodynamic stability.Conclusions: Salmon calcitonin as adjuvant increases the duration of postoperative analgesia. Even though the there slightly higher incidence of adverse events with 100 I.U calcitonin they are minor and the risk-benefit ratio favors calcitonin use. To make a categorical recommendation on the appropriate dose, there is further need for large-scale studies and pooled analysis.

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