scholarly journals Patterns in steppe grassland vegetation of Troitsky State Natural Complex Preserve

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Nazar N. Nazarenko ◽  
Aleksandr V. Malaev ◽  
Alla V. Pirozhenkova ◽  
Natalya A. Bayda
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Natural Complex ◽  
Steppe Vegetation ◽  
Soil Calcium ◽  
Continuum Concept ◽  
Festuca Valesiaca ◽  
Concept Theory ◽  
Steppe Grassland

The patterns (mosaicity) in the northern type of Southern Ural steppe vegetation were characterized by a hierarchical continuum concept theory for Troitsky State Natural Complex Preserve example. Multispecies patterns have been identified by blocks and principal components methods while a hierarchical patterns evaluation by multivariate statistics (Cluster, Discriminant Analysis and Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling) and biotopes phytoindication. It has been established that three pattern levels micro-patterns (0,8 and 1,8 m), parcels (6,0 m) and coenotics (11,0 m) are significantly identified in steppe vegetation. The two last levels correspond to levels specified for the southern type of Southern Ural steppe vegetation earlier. The authors have demonstrated that parcel and coenotic patterns are identified as ratio of four species abundance: Stipa lessingiana, S. pennata, S. tirsa and Festuca valesiaca. For natural and undisturbed steppe associations informative species are non-dominants or edificators. Vegetation plot size and the location in phytocatena can be determinative for floristic composition, phytodiversity indexes and syntaxon detection. There are several non-uniformly scaled factors of mosaicity identification. The most significant ones are coenotic interactions among species. Soil nitrogen regime and soil calcium regimes, soil moistening, aeration and acidity are significant for abiotic factors.

scholarly journals Patterns in grassland vegetation of Bredinskiy state natural wildlife preserve

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Nazar Nikolayevich Nazarenko ◽  
Yevgeny Dmitrievich Perlov
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Statistics ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Soil Calcium ◽  
Continuum Concept ◽  
Concept Theory ◽  
Steppe Grassland

The patterns (mosaicity) in grassland vegetation of Southern Ural for Bredinskiy state natural wildlife preserve example have been characterized by a hierarchical continuum concept theory. The multispecies patterns identification has been done by blocks and principal components methods and hierarchical patterns evaluation - by multivariate statistics (Cluster, Discriminant Analysis and Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling) and biotopes phytoindication. It has been established that there are two patterns levels - parcels (6,0 m) and coenotics (11,0 m) in grassland vegetation. Thus, hierarchical continuum in steppe grassland vegetation of Southern Ural has been confirmed by multivariate statistics. Detected patterns have been classified and its phytochorologic unit has been identified. For patterns informative and dominant species have been also detected. It has been demonstrated that species dominance and its significance in patterns depend upon mosaicity levels. Some non-uniformly scaled ecological factors have been identified for patterns continuum. The principal significance for steppe grassland parcels matter coenotic and phytodiversity factors, for coenotics patterns forming matter abiotic factors too. For Bredinskiy state natural wildlife preserve principal abiotic factors steppe grassland patterns forming are (by decrease) soil calcium regime, soil nitrogen regime, soil acidity, soil mineralization and aeration.

scholarly journals Patterns in steppe meadow vegetation at the border of Forest-steppe and Steppe zones of the Southern Ural

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Nazar N. Nazarenko ◽  
Aleksandr V. Malaev ◽  
Alla V. Pirozhenkova ◽  
Natalya A. Bayda
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Region ◽  
Soil Calcium ◽  
Continuum Concept ◽  
Concept Theory ◽  
Steppe Meadow ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
Micro Patterns

The patterns (mosaicity) in steppe meadow vegetation were characterized at the border of Forest-steppe and Steppe zones of the Southern Ural by hierarchical continuum concept theory for Troitskiy state natural complex preserve example. It has been established that the discordant natural region bring about mosaicity destruction micro-patterns are fuzzy, parcels are not formed and coenotics (12,0 m) level is identified only. The steppe meadow vegetation is characterized by coenotic level continuum coenotic patterns have almost identical dominant and co-dominant species composition, phytochorologic units form combination of four meadow grasses with middle and weak contagious spatial distribution and most species have random spatial distribution. But the steppe meadow biotopes are characterized by specifics of abiotic factors. The significant factors, influencing coenotic patterns and biotopes of steppe meadow, are soil calcium and nitrogen regime, soil aeration, moistening and its variability.

scholarly journals Patterns in Natural Halophytic Grasslands at the Border of Forest-Steppe and Steppe Zones of South Ural

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-476
Author(s):  
Nazar N. Nazarenko ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr V. Malaev ◽  
Alla V. Pirozhenkova ◽  
Natalya A. Bayda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Distribution ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Steppe Species ◽  
Soil Aeration ◽  
Natural Complex ◽  
Continuum Concept ◽  
Concept Theory ◽  
Micro Patterns

The patterns (mosaicity) in natural halophytic grasslands at the border of Forest-steppe and Steppe zones of South Ural were characterized by the hierarchical continuum concept theory for the Troitskiy state natural complex preserve example. It was established, that the grass canopy is fragmented by salinization impact, the individual’s random distribution is typical of halophytes and salttolerant steppe species form patterns. Only the micro-patterns (0,8 m) level is statistically significant, parcels (8 m) and coenotics (12 m) are fuzzy and fragmentation of mosaicity is observed. There are two coenotics series defined for parcels – halophytic and steppe, relating to the distribution of halophytes and steppe grasses respectively. There is clear coenosis. Separation is observed by phytodiversity and biotopes descriptions. The intracoenotic interactions between species, soil moistening variability, soil aeration and acidity (alkalinity) and soil mineralization increase (decrease) are significant for parcels and coenosis forming.

scholarly journals Exploring the Functional Strategies Adopted by Coastal Plants Along an Ecological Gradient Using Morpho-functional Traits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Ciccarelli ◽  
Cleusa Bona
Keyword(s):  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Ecological Gradient ◽  
Ecological Conditions

AbstractCoastal dunes are characterised by strong interactions between biotic and abiotic factors along a short gradient from the shoreline to the inland region. We carried out an ecological analysis of the vegetation in a protected area of the Italian coast to evaluate the relationships among species abundance, the occurrence of morphoanatomical traits related to leaves, stems, and roots, and soil variables. Three transects were established perpendicular to the shoreline, with 27 plots distributed in the frontal dunes, backdunes, and temporarily wet dune slacks. An analysis based on community-weighted mean values showed that the pioneer communities of the frontal dunes were dominated by ruderals that are well adapted to the harsh ecological conditions of these environments, showing succulent leaves, high limb thickness values, and low values for leaf dry matter content (LDMC). The backdune vegetation was a mosaic of annual herbaceous and perennial shrub communities showing both ruderal and stress-tolerant strategies (clonality, sclerified leaves, high LDMC values, root phenolics) consistent with less extreme ecological conditions. The dune slack areas were dominated by plants showing adaptations to both arid and flooded environments, such as C4 photosynthesis, amphistomatic leaves, and abundant aerenchyma in the roots. The invasive status, C4 photosynthesis, leaf trichomes, and aerenchyma in the roots were significantly correlated with soil humidity, organic matter content, and pH. These results demonstrate the usefulness of anatomical traits (including root system traits) in understanding the functional strategies adopted by plants. Invasive species tended to occupy plots with high levels of soil moisture, suggesting an avoidance strategy for the harsh environmental conditions of coastal sand dunes. Finally, we suggest including information regarding root systems into coastal monitoring programs because they are directly linked to soil parameters useful in coastal dune management and protection.

scholarly journals Nutrient supply controls the linkage between species abundance and ecological interactions in marine bacterial communities

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianjiao Dai ◽  
Donghui Wen ◽  
Colin T. Bates ◽  
Linwei Wu ◽  
Xue Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Coastal Sediment ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Bacterial Growth Rate ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Microbial Species ◽  
Rare Biosphere

AbstractNutrient scarcity is pervasive for natural microbial communities, affecting species reproduction and co-existence. However, it remains unclear whether there are general rules of how microbial species abundances are shaped by biotic and abiotic factors. Here we show that the ribosomal RNA gene operon (rrn) copy number, a genomic trait related to bacterial growth rate and nutrient demand, decreases from the abundant to the rare biosphere in the nutrient-rich coastal sediment but exhibits the opposite pattern in the nutrient-scarce pelagic zone of the global ocean. Both patterns are underlain by positive correlations between community-level rrn copy number and nutrients. Furthermore, inter-species co-exclusion inferred by negative network associations is observed more in coastal sediment than in ocean water samples. Nutrient manipulation experiments yield effects of nutrient availability on rrn copy numbers and network associations that are consistent with our field observations. Based on these results, we propose a “hunger games” hypothesis to define microbial species abundance rules using the rrn copy number, ecological interaction, and nutrient availability.

scholarly journals COMPARAÇÃO DA EFICÁCIA DE TÉCNICAS DE NUCLEAÇÃO PARA RESTAURAÇÃO DE ÁREA DEGRADADA NO SUL DO BRASIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzane Bevilacqua Marcuzzo ◽  
Gislene Ganade ◽  
Maristela Machado Araújo ◽  
Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Degraded Area ◽  
Exotic Vegetation ◽  
Remnant Forest

O desenvolvimento de grandes centros urbanos em áreas naturais resultou na supressão e degradação de florestas. A fim de obter ferramentas para implantação de programas de restauração nessas áreas, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes técnicas nucleadoras sobre os fatores bióticos e abióticos que limitam a regeneração natural, em uma área degradada em remanescente de floresta, no perímetro rural-urbano de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos inteiramente casualizados, em esquema fatorial, composto pelos seguintes tratamentos: Controle (C), Transposição de Solo (TS), Resíduos da Arborização Urbana Triturados (RT), Transposição de Solo misturado aos Resíduos da Arborização Urbana Triturado (TS+RT) e Poleiros Artificiais. Durante 12 meses, foi avaliada a abundância e riqueza de plântulas estabelecidas, e por sete meses, a chuva de sementes em coletores. Os resultados indicam que a transposição de solo foi o método mais eficiente para restauração da área degradada em estudo. Adicionalmente, a utilização de poleiros artificiais se mostrou eficiente, indicando tendência de aumento da riqueza florística e de sementes dispersas. No entanto, a vegetação exótica da área urbana apresentou forte influência na composição florística, cuja sucessão terá trajetória diferente da vegetação original.Palavras-chave: Nucleação; poleiros artificiais; arborização urbana; transposição de solo.AbstractComparison of nucleation techniques effectiveness for degraded area restoring in Southern Brazil. The development of large urban centers in natural areas resulted in abolition and degradation of forests. In order to obtain tools for restoring programs development in such areas, this study aimed to evaluate efficiency of different nucleus techniques in relation to biotic and abiotic factors which limit natural regeneration in a depressed area of remnant forest in rural-urban perimeter of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, in factorial disposition, composed of the following treatments: Control (C), Transposition of Soil (TS), crushed waste of urban afforestation (RT), Transposition of soil mixed to crushed waste of urban afforestation (TS+RT), and artificial perches. During 12 months,  abundance and richness of seedlings laid down were evaluated and for seven months the seed rain in sinks. Results point that the soil transposition was the most efficient method for restoration of the degraded area. Additionally, artificial perches using proved to be efficient, pointing to wealth increase trend and floristic wealth of dispersed seeds. However, the exotic vegetation of the urban area has strong influences on floristic composition, whose succession will have different trajectory of original vegetation.Keywords: Artificial perches; nucleation; urban afforestation; soil transposition. 

scholarly journals Verification of the occurrence of some plant species as indicators of landfill impact on the environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1441-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Vaverková ◽  
Dana Adamcová ◽  
František Toman
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Population Abundance ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
The Subject

An ecological study was conducted on landfill site in Kuchyňky, Czech Republic. Our paper focuses on verification of research into the issue of waste disposal and the possibilities of using bioindicators to assess landfill impact on the surroundings. The subject of research was surface area of the landfill and its immediate surroundings. Sampling was carried out in 2010–2012 and compared with simple floristic list prepared in 2007. Floristic composition was explored in individual segments. Species abundance was established by valuating the simple presence of the species: 1 yes, 0 no, N not identified – irrespective of population abundance. During the floristic research conducted in 2010, we detected 88 plant species, in 2011 – 105 and in 2012 – 105 plant species, which were compared with 94 species listed in 2007. Based on repeated research we did not find any considerable influence of the landfill on the biotic composition of the environment.

scholarly journals Identifying environmental drivers of benthic diatom diversity: the case of Mediterranean mountain ponds

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saúl Blanco ◽  
Adriana Olenici ◽  
Fernando Ortega ◽  
Francisco Jiménez-Gómez ◽  
Francisco Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Benthic Diatom ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Significant Distance

This study aims at elucidating the environmental factors controlling benthic diatom diversity and uniqueness in Mediterranean mountain ponds. Samples of periphytic diatoms were collected in 45 ponds in Andalusia, south of Spain, and analysed by standard methods. Data analysis reveals that diatom diversity is mainly controlled by elevation and hydroperiod. Contrary to the usual findings in the literature, the highest scores on Shannon’s diversity index were found in high-elevation temporary ponds, but this effect is hidden by lake clustering in the analysed dataset. Significant distance-decay similarity (DDS) trends were detected in the analysis of floristic composition among the samples, stressing the importance of spatial factors that may override the effect of other abiotic factors. These findings highlight the role of isolation and dispersal limitation in the configuration of the biogeographical patterns of benthic diatoms.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Floristic composition and relationships between plant species abundance and soil properties in common hazel (Corylus avellana) mountainous forest of northern Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1835-1841
Author(s):  
GHADER POURRAHMATI ◽  
ASADOLLAH MATAJI ◽  
HASSAN POURBABAEI ◽  
ALI SALEHI
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Total N

Pourrahmati G, Mataji A, Pourbabaei H, Salehi A. 2018. Short Communication: Floristic composition and relationships between plant species abundance and soil properties in common hazel (Corylus avellana) mountainous forest of northern Iran. Biodiversitas 19: 1835-1841. Mountainous forests are valuable terrestrial ecosystems because of their useful services for the human being. Here, we explored the floristic composition and the relationships between plant species abundance distribution and soil physical and chemical properties in common hazel (Corylus avellana L.) in the mountainous forest of northern Iran. Within the forest stand, 30 quadrats (20 m × 20 m and 1 m × 1 m for woody and herbaceous species, respectively) were selectively sampled along an altitudinal range from 1300 m to 1800 m a.s.l. to assess plant species composition and abundance, and soil samples were taken to perform chemical and physical analyses. The results showed that a total of 43 herbaceous and 15 woody species belonging to 23 and 8 families were identified. The abundance of herbaceous species was significantly correlated with soil properties (pH and total N). Furthermore, the abundance of woody species had a non-significant correlation with soil properties.

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