scholarly journals Phytodiversity of the Irgiz Floodplain nature monument

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Vera V. Solovieva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Projective Coverage ◽  
Salvinia Natans ◽  
Coastal Plant ◽  
High Degree

The Bolshoy Irgiz River is 375 km long and has a catchment area of 24 thousand km, including the Orenburg Region and the Samara Region. The flora contains 64 species of plants: 14 belong to the class of monocotyledons (Liliopsida) and 48 belong to the class of dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida), the most numerous families by the number of species are Lamiaceae (5), Cyperaceae (5), Potamogetonaceae (5), Polygonaceae (4), Poaceae (4). The ecological spectrum of the flora is represented by hydrophytes (20 species), helophytes (8), hygrohelophytes (5), hygrophytes (19) and mesophytes (12). These are mainly broad-area species of the Eurasian (23), Holarctic (23) and pluriregional (11) ranges. There are only 7 species of plants with narrow range borders. In economic terms the flora consists of 28 species of medicinal plants, as well as forage (23), tanning (15), food (14), dye (13), honey (12), ornamental (11) and poisonous (8) plants. Vegetation is represented by 17 formations and is represented by the coastal-aquatic vegetation type and two subtypes: coastal and aquatic vegetation. The first subtype contains formations: Phragmiteta australis, Typheta angustifolitae, Scirpeta lacustris, Sagittarieta sagittifoliae, Persicarieta amphibii, Alismateta plantago-aquaticae. The second subtype contains: Nymphaeeta candidae, Nuphareta luteae, Potameta lucentis, Potameta perfoliati, Potameta crispus, Lemneta minori, Salvinieta natantis, Hydrocharieta morsus-ranae, Spirodeleta polyrhizi, Lemneta trisulcae, Ceratophylleta demersi. Coastal plant communities are characterized by a 23-tier structure, a high degree of projective coverage, and a relatively high abundance of species (from 15 to 26). Water phytocoenoses are poor in species composition, have a spotty character of overgrowth and 12 tiered structure. The Irgiz Floodplain nature monument requires compliance with the stipulated protection measures in order to preserve the habitat of rare plant populations Nuhar luteum L., Nymphaea candida J. et C. Presl., Salvinia natans L. (All.), Cicuta virosa L., Najas major All. Descriptions of phytocenoses were carried out according to the generally accepted method of geobotanical research in the summer of 2018, while tiering, abundance, projective cover and vitality were noted as well as all species included in plant communities were registered.

Human impact on sandy beach vegetation along the southeastern Adriatic coast

Biologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Urban Šilc ◽  
Zora Dajić Stevanović ◽  
Alban Ibraliu ◽  
Milica Luković ◽  
Danijela Stešević
Keyword(s):  
Human Impact ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Sandy Beach ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Adriatic Coast ◽  
Coastal Plant ◽  
Beach Vegetation

AbstractWe compared the zonation of vegetation and connectivity of coastal plant communities between two distinct areas, one in Montenegro and another in Albania, that differ in terms of human impact, mainly through tourism activities. Transect plots were used to gather data about plant cover and communities, their zonation and connectivity. For description of communities multivariate methods were used and for distribution zonation we used gamma connectivity and richness of boundaries. We found that the transects of vegetation zonation from Albania, with better preserved sites, were richer in the number of boundaries, with more varied combinations of boundaries and the pattern of zonation was also more diverse. On the other hand, there were two plant communities found only in Montenegro. The more impacted transects on the disturbed beaches from Montenegro were also more unidirectional from sea to hinterland but with less ideal zonation. Plant communities from Albania were distributed more straightforwardly but contacts between them were in both directions. The less disturbed beach had zonation very similar to potential vegetation, while plant communities of the touristic beach were fragmented or even substituted by replacement communities. Coastal dune systems in Albania are still well preserved, therefore monitoring and protection measures are recommended.

Geobotanical studies at the Caucasus: a review of materials of the International Conference “Flora and conservation in the Caucasus: history and current state of knowledge” (Pyatigorsk, May 22–25, 2019)

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
T. M. Lysenko ◽  
V. Yu. Neshatayeva ◽  
Z. V. Dutova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Current State

The International conference “Flora and conservation in the Caucasus: history and current state of knowledge” dedicated to the 130-year anniversary of the Perkalsky Arboretum took place at 22–25 of May 2019 in Pyatigorsk (Stavropol Territory) on the base of the Pyatigorsk Museum of local lore and natural history. The participants were from 11 cities of Russia and 7 Republics of the Caucasus and represented 14 institutions. Proceedings of the conference were published by the beginning of the meeting the book of abstracts includes 49 papers on the study of vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and fungi, plant communities, as well as the protection of rare and endangered species, unique plant communities, and ecological problems in the Caucasus. The following geobotanical topics were highlighted in 13 papers: forest communities (3 reports), meadow and steppe vegetation (2), xeric open forests (2), communities of ecotone areas (1), structure of populations of rare plant species (3), as well as the history and current status of nature protected areas (2). The great emphasis has been focused on the study of floristic composition and plant populations. Thus, the conference showed that very few studies от vegetation are currently carried out in the Caucasus, and a lot of districts are not affected by the research. The greatest attention is paid to forest vegetation while meadow, steppe, alpine heath and xerophytic communities are studied rather poorly. Besides, there are “white spots” — mire, floodplain and aquatic vegetation. In nowadays, when the anthropogenic impact on the plant cover of the Caucasus is intensively increasing, it is especially important to study natural undisturbed communities preserved in protected natural areas. Another important issue is the conservation of the unique vegetation cover of the whole Caucasus. Thus, the study of vegetation of this region opens a wide field for researchers using various methods of modern plant science.

scholarly journals A proposed procedure for the analysis of large phytosociological data sets in the classification of South African grasslands

Koedoe ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Bredenkamp ◽  
H. Bezuidenhout
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Related Plant ◽  
Single Cluster ◽  
Synoptic Table

A procedure for the effective classification of large phytosociological data sets, and the combination of many data sets from various parts of the South African grasslands is demonstrated. The procedure suggests a region by region or project by project treatment of the data. The analyses are performed step by step to effectively bring together all releves of similar or related plant communities. The first step involves a separate numerical classification of each subset (region), and subsequent refinement by Braun- Blanquet procedures. The resulting plant communities are summarised in a single synoptic table, by calculating a synoptic value for each species in each community. In the second step all communities in the synoptic table are classified by numerical analysis, to bring related communities from different regions or studies together in a single cluster. After refinement of these clusters by Braun-Blanquet procedures, broad vegetation types are identified. As a third step phytosociological tables are compiled for each iden- tified broad vegetation type, and a comprehensive abstract hierarchy constructed.

Changes in groundwater regime during vegetation period in Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Krogulec ◽  
Sebastian Zabłocki ◽  
Katarzyna Sawicka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Large River ◽  
Entire Interval ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Groundwater Level Fluctuations ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems ◽  
Management Plans

Abstract An analysis of the dynamics of groundwater levels in the Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems (GDEs), which cover a vast part of the middle Vistula River valley in central Poland was carried out. The study area, typical of large river valleys, was investigated by detailed monitoring of groundwater levels. Based on statistical analysis and the geo-statistical modeling of monitoring data for 1999-2013, the range and dynamics of groundwater level fluctuations were determined for the entire interval and for the vegetation periods. The values of retention and infiltration recharge in various periods were compared with average values, indicating intervals of potential groundwater deficiency in GDEs. The amplitude of groundwater fluctuations, retention and infiltration were determined for vegetation periods characterized by the highest water intake by plants and the highest evapotranspiration. Particular attention has been drawn to the analysis of low groundwater levels in the vegetation periods, with water deficiencies potentially threatening the correct functioning of plant communities in GDEs. Moreover, the study has allowed us to indicate areas with insufficient groundwater levels during vegetation periods that may be hazardous to plant communities. The results may be a basis for the elaboration of correct management plans, protection measures and projects, or GDE renaturalization.

scholarly journals Effects of aquatic vegetation type on denitrification

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelies J. Veraart ◽  
Wilco J. J. de Bruijne ◽  
Jeroen J. M. de Klein ◽  
Edwin T. H. M. Peeters ◽  
Marten Scheffer
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Type

scholarly journals A phytosociological survey of aquatic vegetation in the main freshwater lakes of Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 53-75
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Zervas ◽  
Ioannis Tsiripidis ◽  
Erwin Bergmeier ◽  
Vasiliki Tsiaoussi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Freshwater Lake ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Freshwater Lakes ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
The Relationship

Aims: This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of European freshwater lake ecosystems with updated and new information on aquatic plant communities, by conducting national-scale phytosociological research of freshwater lake vegetation in Greece. Moreover, it investigates the relationship between aquatic plant communities and lake environmental parameters, including eutrophication levels and hydro-morphological conditions. Study area: Lakes in Greece, SE Europe. Methods: 5,690 phytosociological relevés of aquatic vegetation were sampled in 18 freshwater lake ecosystems during 2013–2016. The relevés were subjected to hierarchical cluster and indicator species analyses in order to identify associations and communities of aquatic vegetation, as well as to describe their syntaxonomy. Multiple regression analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between vegetation syntaxa and environmental parameters of lakes, i.e. physico-chemical parameters and water level fluctuation. Results: Ninety-nine plant taxa belonging to 30 different families were recorded. Forty-six vegetation types were identified and described by their ecological characteristics, diagnostic taxa and syntaxonomical status. Thirteen vegetation types, the largest number belonging to the vegetation class Charetea, are considered to be new records for Greece. The distribution of the vegetation types recorded in the 18 freshwater lakes was found to depend on environmental parameters and levels of eutrophication. Conclusions: An updated aquatic vegetation inventory was produced for Greek lakes, and primary results showed that the presence/absence of aquatic plant communities and the community composition in freshwater lakes can be utilized to assess the pressure of eutrophication on lake ecosystems. Taxonomic reference: Euro+Med (2006–). Abbreviations: MNT = Mean number of taxa; WFD = Water Framework Directive.

Plant Communities in the Jornada Basin: The Dynamic Landscape

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra P. C. Peters ◽  
Robert P. Gibbens
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Desert Grassland ◽  
Bouteloua Eriopoda ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Dynamic Landscape ◽  
Jornada Basin

Plant communities of the Jornada Basin are characteristic of the northern Chihuahuan Desert both in structure and dynamics. Although a number of plant communities can be differentiated, five major vegetation types are often distinguished that differ in plant species cover and composition, as well as other factors, such as animal populations, soil properties, and elevation. These five types are black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda) grasslands, playa grasslands, tarbush (Flourensia cernua) shrublands, creosotebush (Larrea tridentata) shrublands, and mesquite (Prosopis grandulosa) shrublands. Similar to many other parts of the Chihuahuan Desert, these plant communities have experienced major shifts in vegetation composition over the past 50–150 years (York and Dick-Peddie 1969). The most dramatic changes in vegetation and associated ecosystem processes have occurred as a result of a shift in life form due to woody plant encroachment into perennial grasslands (Grover and Musick 1990; Bahre and Shelton 1993). This encroachment of shrubs has occurred in many arid and semiarid regions of the world, including the Western United States, northern Mexico, southern Africa, South America, New Zealand, and Australia (McPherson 1997; Scholes and Archer 1997). A number of drivers have been implicated in these grass–shrub dynamics, including various combinations of livestock grazing, small animal activity, drought, changes in fire regime, and changes in climate (Humphrey 1958; Archer 1989; Allred 1996; Reynolds et al. 1997; Van Auken 2000). The causes of shrub invasion are quite variable and often poorly understood, although the consequences consistently lead to the process of desertification (Schlesinger et al. 1990). This chapter describes the characteristics of each vegetation type and the documented changes in each type at the Jornada Basin. We then discuss the key drivers influencing these dynamics. Vegetation in the Chihuahuan Desert region has been classified as desert-grassland transition (Shreve 1917), desert savanna (Shantz and Zon 1924), desert plains grasslands (Clements 1920), desert shrub grassland (Darrow 1944), and shrubsteppe (Kuchler 1964). Desert grassland is often used as a general descriptive name for the area (McClaran 1995), although landscapes at the Jornada and throughout the northern Chihuahuan Desert often consist of a mosaic of desert grasslands, Chihuahuan Desert shrublands, and plains-mesa sand scrub (Dick-Peddie 1993).

RELIABILITY OF FLOWERING AS AN INDICATOR OF WINTER SURVIVAL IN RED CLOVER

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Smith
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
First Year ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Flowering Response ◽  
High Degree

Flowering response of first-year individual plants of nine varieties of red clover was studied at Arlington, Wisconsin. Plant populations of varieties with high winterhardiness had high percentages of non-flowering plants. Winterkilling of plant types increased progressively from non-flowering Type 1 to profuse flowering Type 5.Highly significant correlations were obtained between per cent winterkilling during the first winter with per cent non-flowering plant Type 1 (r = −0.90 and −0.95 during 2 years), per cent of flowering plant Type 5 (r = +0.92 and +0.80), and the total per cent of non-flowering plants (r = −0.90 and −0.94). Flowering response can be used with a high degree of reliability in establishing the probable persistence of new strains relative to standard varieties and as a selection criterion for hardy plants.

scholarly journals Invasion, Disturbance, and Competition: Modeling the Fate of Coastal Plant Populations

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHARMILA PATHIKONDA ◽  
AZMY S. ACKLEH ◽  
KARL H. HASENSTEIN ◽  
SUSAN MOPPER
Keyword(s):  
Plant Populations ◽  
Coastal Plant
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