scholarly journals Fauna of leaf beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) of isolated Volga Islands and mechanisms of their secondary settlement

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Sergey Ivanovich Pavlov ◽  
Andrey Stepanovich Yaitsky
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Leaf Beetles ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Secondary Settlement ◽  
River Flood ◽  
Floating Objects ◽  
Samarskaya Luka

The following paper deals with the study that was carried out during 1974-2016 in natural and laboratory conditions in the Samara Region. The authors studied the features of adults leaf beetles survival as a result of the Volga river flood spill, flooding of the isolated island systems as well as migratory processes of insects. Over a 12-year period of field research, 11 entomologists, using 2 traditional and 6 authors methods, have collected 29 species of Chrysomelidae beetles on 11 large Volga Islands (3 of which are periodically flooded) and 20 large, regularly flooded shallows and braids. It is established that the fauna of the Islands leaf beetles is very close to the fauna of adjacent coasts by genesis. The authors analyze the origin and relief of typical Islands, the level of flood waters, the duration of flooding of the Volga river floodplain near Samarskaya Luka, the mechanisms of survival of beetles by adapting them to the conditions of habitats or features of their migrations, with the secondary settlement of island systems. It is established that, in addition to the active flight and autonomous navigation to the Islands, beetles use available boats - rafts from vegetable flood sludge, small and fairly large floating objects (from branches and boards to river vessels). It is established that migrations occur annually, completely regardless of the island beetles-predecessors population wintering success.

scholarly journals Breeding of legume crops for effective nitrogen fixation

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
V. I. Sichkar
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Rhizobium Strains ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Experimental Strains

Aim. Grain legume are able to accumulate 80–220 kg/ha of nitrogen. To optimize this process we should select the complementary pairs “cultivar-strain”, which could realize their maximum genetic potentials. We studied indices of symbiosis for the use of the number of experimental strains of soybean, pea and chickpea in laboratory and field conditions. Methods. The plants grown in containers of a volume of 0.3 l without nitrogen in laboratory conditions. Field research conducted in rainfed conditions in the presence of spontaneous rhizobia in the soil. Results. Substantial variability was found for indices of the symbiosis of the interaction of different varieties of soybean, chickpea and pea with recommended and experimental strains of rhizobia. The best combination are recommended for use in different locations. Conclusions. The selected experimental strains of rhizobia, which are characterized by improved performance of the symbiosis of the varieties of soybean, chickpea and pea are recommended for using. Keywords: rhizobium strains, nodulation, nitrogen fixation.

The influence of temperature on the reproduction and moulting of Lepas anatifera L. under laboratory conditions

1959 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupendra Patel
Keyword(s):  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Floating Objects

Lepas anatifera L. is generally found on floating objects in tropical and sub-tropical oceanic waters, where sea temperatures exceed 18–200 C.

scholarly journals Paleoflood records from sinkholes using an example from the Ebro River floodplain, northeastern Spain

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gutiérrez ◽  
Mario Zarroca ◽  
Carmen Castañeda ◽  
Domingo Carbonel ◽  
Jesús Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ebro River ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Gravel Beds ◽  
Slack Water ◽  
Collapse Sinkhole ◽  
Instrumental Record ◽  
River Flood ◽  
High Competence ◽  
First Time

AbstractThis work introduces for the first time the concept of using sinkholes in fluvial valleys as recorders of past floods. The notion is illustrated through the investigation of a complex sinkhole located in a broad floodplain underlain by salt-bearing Cenozoic evaporites. This active sinkhole comprises a large subsidence depression affecting the floodplain and the edge of a terrace, and a nested collapse sinkhole that used to host a sinkhole pond. A borehole drilled in the buried sinkhole pond revealed an ~7.8-m-thick fill that records around 2700 yr of clayey lacustrine deposition interrupted by three types of detrital facies. Two thick pebble gravel beds have been attributed to major high-competence floods: a paleoflood that occurred in Visigothic times (1537–1311 cal yr BP) and the 1961 Great Ebro River Flood, which is the largest event of the instrumental record. A trench dug in the portion of the terrace affected by subsidence exposed a mid-Holocene slack-water paleoflood deposit. The disadvantages and advantages of sinkholes as archives of past flood histories are discussed.

The endoparasites of Liasis fuscus (Serpentes : Boidae) from the Adelaide River floodplain, Northern Territory, Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
E. Mulder ◽  
L. R. Smales
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
River Flood ◽  
Seasonal Diversity ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Prevalent Species

This study documents the parasite assemblage of Liasis fuscus Peters, 1873 from the Adelaide River flood plain, Northern Territory, Australia. In total, nine species of helminth (comprising three cestodes and six nematodes), one pentastome and one protozoan were found in 180 water pythons, with the Nematoda being the dominant and most diverse group, and a cestode, Bothridium ornatum Maplestone & Southwell, 1923, the most prevalent species. In spite of the hosts being present in high numbers the helminth assemblage was depauperate, characterised by low prevalence, intensity, frequency and abundance of species, with neither season nor sex of host affecting abundance. There were, however, significant differences between ages of hosts, juveniles having fewer parasites, and seasonal diversity, with the wet season of 2004 and the dry of 2005 the most similar. Of the Australian python species analysed Morelia spilota (Lacépède, 1804) had the highest species richness. The lower species richness found in L. fuscus was possibly due to its unusual biology. Biogeographic relationships of the parasite fauna of L. fuscus are diverse, connections with Africa, Asia, and South America being noted.

scholarly journals Occurrence of the insectivores and rodents in the Samarskaya Luka (European Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Kirillova ◽  
Alexander Kirillov ◽  
Victoria Vekhnik ◽  
Anastasia Klenina
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Volga River ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Samarskaya Luka

In this paper, we present our dataset containing up-to-date information about occurrences of small mammals (Erinaceomorpha, Soricomorpha and Rodentia) on the territory of Samarskaya Luka. It is a bend of the Volga River in the southern part of the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Plain (European Russia). This unique territory is surrounded on almost all sides by water. The dataset summarises small mammal occurrences noted in long-term studies in Samarskaya Luka from 2000 to 2020. A major part of the dataset was obtained during our helminthological study of small mammals. Besides, some data were attained when studying the ecology of tree-dwelling rodents. Our studies of small mammals were conducted by trap lines and direct observations in the wild. The dataset includes 8147 records of erinaceomorphs, soricomorphs and rodents of 26 species (of total 28) belonging to three orders, nine families and 21 genera. It is based on the research of the staff of the Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Zhiguli State Nature Reserve. The distribution of erinaceomorphs, soricomorphs and rodents in Samarskaya Luka has not been completely studied and further investigation may well discover new small mammal habitats. Our dataset contains new information on occurrences of erinaceomorphs, soricomorphs and rodents in Samarskaya Luka (European Russia). All occurrence records of 26 mammal species with georeferencing are published in GBIF for the first time. The occurrence data are stored in our field journals and we would like to make them available to all researchers.

Study on Influencing Factors and Characteristics of Spatial Form of Traditional Rural Settlements in the Yellow River Floodplain of North of Henan

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 322-329
Author(s):  
Feng Bao Liu ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Yun Song ◽  
Zhao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Dynamic Factors

Traditional rural settlements are the result of a long historical accumulation in the Yellow River Floodplain of North of Henan. The formation and development of spatial form of the settlements is influenced by several dynamic factors, such as the local economic, social, cultural, historical, natural and geographic environment. Currently, the rural urbanization of the region is in an accelerated phase, thus the spatial restructure and social transformation is ongoing. However, the spatial form of the settlements gets affected by many negative effects. Just based on the concerns about the effects, the article first analyzes the dynamic factors of influencing the spatial form of the settlements in the region, then analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of spatial form of the settlements through field research, satellite image extracting and so on in the region, hoping to have a positive reference to the new rural community construction and the development of traditional rural settlements in future.

scholarly journals Features of the aggregate way of life and its importance in leaf beetles larvae (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) development

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-209
Author(s):  
E. V. Guskova ◽  
Z. I. Tyumaseva
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Leaf Beetles ◽  
Defense Strategy ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

The article describes the importance of the aggregate way of life of leaf beetles’ larvae G. viminalis (Linnaeus, 1758) in the laboratory conditions. The obtained data prove that the aggregate way of life of G. viminalis larvae has a significant impact on the intensity of their feeding, growth and development. It is concluded that such coexistence of larvae allows them to build a defense strategy, ensuring survival in groups at early stages of development.

Features of formation and distribution of zoogenic relief in the floodplain of the Oster River

2020 ◽  
Vol 103-104 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Yurii Filonenko
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Wild Pigs ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Wildlife Migration ◽  
Field Mice

During 2015–2020, we carried out a series of field studies of zoogenic relief in the Oster River floodplain. In the process, the method of field route observations, polls, photography, morphological and morphometric analyses were actively used. Mathematical methods and computer technologies were used to process and summarize the obtained data. Based on the field research data, it was established that the natural conditions of the Oster River floodplain are favourable for the emergence of zoogenic relief forms. Zoogenic landforms are common here, and their size and location depend on the animal species which live in the area or constantly migrate through it. The influence of individual representatives of the animal world on the formation of the surface of the studied area is presented. It was shown that some of them simultaneously create both accumulative and negative forms of biogenic relief. Accumulative zoogenic landforms are represented in the Oster floodplain by individual small dams and beaver huts; muskrat huts; earthen anthills and anthills formed from dry grass and twigs; molehills; mice’s soil nano-strands; hamster mounds; pico-humps formed by worms and beetles. Among the negative landforms of zoogenic origin there are burrows and burrow nests; underground galleries of animals and insects; nano-basins of forest and field mice; livestock trails and wildlife migration trails; burrowing of wild pigs; footprints of various animals. Beavers, moles, wild boars and ants are found to cover the highest proportion of landform creation activity within the Oster River floodplain. It was also found that the size of most zoogenic landforms in the studied area have the rank of pico- and nano-relief. Relief microforms are much less common. The lifespan of zoogenic landforms can range from tens or even hundreds of years to several hours. It is discovered that fires significantly affect the landforms of zoogenic origin. As a result of the flames, many of the forms change their shape and size, and some even cease to exist.

The zoonotic potential of bat-borne coronaviruses

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-381
Author(s):  
Ny Anjara Fifi Ravelomanantsoa ◽  
Sarah Guth ◽  
Angelo Andrianiaina ◽  
Santino Andry ◽  
Anecia Gentles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Horseshoe Bat ◽  
Human Infections

Seven zoonoses — human infections of animal origin — have emerged from the Coronaviridae family in the past century, including three viruses responsible for significant human mortality (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) in the past twenty years alone. These three viruses, in addition to two older CoV zoonoses (HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63) are believed to be originally derived from wild bat reservoir species. We review the molecular biology of the bat-derived Alpha- and Betacoronavirus genera, highlighting features that contribute to their potential for cross-species emergence, including the use of well-conserved mammalian host cell machinery for cell entry and a unique capacity for adaptation to novel host environments after host switching. The adaptive capacity of coronaviruses largely results from their large genomes, which reduce the risk of deleterious mutational errors and facilitate range-expanding recombination events by offering heightened redundancy in essential genetic material. Large CoV genomes are made possible by the unique proofreading capacity encoded for their RNA-dependent polymerase. We find that bat-borne SARS-related coronaviruses in the subgenus Sarbecovirus, the source clade for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, present a particularly poignant pandemic threat, due to the extraordinary viral genetic diversity represented among several sympatric species of their horseshoe bat hosts. To date, Sarbecovirus surveillance has been almost entirely restricted to China. More vigorous field research efforts tracking the circulation of Sarbecoviruses specifically and Betacoronaviruses more generally is needed across a broader global range if we are to avoid future repeats of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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