scholarly journals Complementary food - important components of the child’s ration: effects on health and ways of optimization

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena M. Bulatova ◽  
Natalia M. Bogdanova ◽  
Alexandr M. Shabalov ◽  
Valentina A. Razheva ◽  
Irina A. Gavrina
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
First Year ◽  
Food Behavior ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Ration Effects ◽  
First Year Of Life

Relevance of the research. Timing, order and sequence of complementary feeding remain the subject of discussion until now. The aim of the study. Estimate influence of different outlines of introduction of complementary foods on nutritional status and food behavior in children of first year of life. Materials and methods. Examined 96 children in age of 4-6 months during introduction of complementary foods. Main group – 50 children (27 breast-feed (BF) children and 23 on milk formulas (MF)), in whose diet were introduced only complementary foods, which were made in special factories. Comparison group – 46 children (33 – BF and 13 – MF) received complementary foods made at home and in special factories. Duration of follow-up was 3 months. Physical examination, mother’s diary analysis, evaluation of tolerance of complementary foods, bacteriological examination of feces. Results. On the background of introduction of complementary foods in the main group, increased the number of children with normal fatness (BF from 66.8% to 74.2%, MF from 82.7 to 88.4%), in comparison group, their number decreased (BF from 84.8% to 78.8%, MF from 69.3 to 62.3%). In the main group when a child refuses a product, mother continues offer it insistently. 61.5% of children began to eat unloved product at the end of first year of life. In comparison group, where mother changed unloved product at once, only 25% of children began to relate to it positively. In the main group dyspeptic disorders were mild in 4% of children. In in comparison group prevailed diarrheal syndrome, related to contamination with pathogenic strains of E. coli in 13% of children. Conclusions. Using of industrial made complimentary foods according to the optimal order, with determined mothers perseverance provides equalization of fatness, allows to form a correct food behavior and decreases risk of intestinal colonization by pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Intellectual characteristics of adolescents with chronic gastroduodenitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita M Gurova ◽  
Yury P Uspenskiy
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Intellectual Status ◽  
Unbalanced Diet ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Adaptation Processes ◽  
Intellectual Characteristics

Intellect is one of the indicators of children’s health, characterizing the optimality of the age development and the success of adaptation processes. In the case-control study, were included 60 adolescents with chronic gastroduodenitis (CGD) in the period of remission (main group), average age – 13 years old. The comparison group consisted of 22 children with the I group of health. A comparative evaluation of the features of the course of the antenatal period, childbirth, and features of early development of the child was carried out. Were estimated the indicators of stress level, social adaptation (M. Gavlinova’s questionnaire), intellectual functions (D. Veksler’s test). It was shown that the total index reflecting the level of stress in children of the main group was 173.03 ± 82.69 points compared to the index of children of the comparison group – 96.34 ± 38.5 points (p < 0.01). In the main group, compared with the control, children with low level of adaptability were more likely to meet, less often children with an average level of adaptation (34.8% / 21, CI 27.4-41.4% vs 55.3% / 12, CI 42, 32-63,28, р < 0,05) and there were no children with a high level of adaptation. In children with CGD, Veksler’s WISC method (for children 5-16 years of age) showed a slight decrease level of verbal, non-verbal and total IQ in comparison with healthy peers. Among the risk factors that affect intellectual status, the most important were the burdened perinatal history, the nature of feeding in the first year of life and the unbalanced diet in subsequent periods of life.

scholarly journals Nutritional problems and factors of forming the health of children of the first year

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Saida Nuraddin Rustamaova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Main Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Standard Mixture ◽  
Group I ◽  
First Year Of Life

Evaluation of the type of nutrition, which is one of the important components that ensure the physical growth, development and health of a child in the first year of life, and that forms metabolic processes at an older age, has been the subject of research and discussion of domestic and foreign scientists over the past decades. Purpose — to study the influence of the nature of feeding on the incidence and physical development of infants. Materials and methods. During the year, 250 children (118 girls and 132 boys) of the first year of life were under observation, who received various types of feeding (breast milk and milk formulas, differing in composition). The main (I) group (n=130) included children (62 girls and 68 boys) who were breastfed; and in the comparison group — children receiving artificial feeding: in group II (n=60) (27 girls and 33 boys) received a standard mixture with a prebiotic; in group III (n=60) (29 girls and 31 boys) — a standard mixture without a prebiotic. Physical development was assessed according to the generally accepted measurement technique in terms of absolute values, monthly increases in anthropometric indicators and mass-growth indices. Outpatient records of children, protocols of examination of a 1-year-old child were studied (accounting and reporting documentation was analyzed). The criteria for inclusion in the main group of infants were: breastfeeding for at least 9 months; the age of children from up to 1 year of age. The second comparison group included children who were fed mixed with the addition of probiotic means. Results. In girls of the second group, who were artificially fed with the addition of a probiotic — 7100.0±95.9 g, the weight gain in the first year of life was significantly higher than the weight gain of girls who received breast milk and standard formula — 6671.0±72.6 g and 6733.3±91.8 g, respectively. Despite the fact that there were no significant differences in the medians of body weight and height in children of the main group and the comparison groups, it was found that children in the main group were overweight/obese at 12 months had two or more times less indicators than children who received artificial nutrition. Children who are breastfed began to sit independently much earlier, on average 7.6±0.05 months after birth, and children of the other two groups who are bottle-fed, on average, 8.0±0.13 and 8.1±0.12 months, respectively (p<0.05). When studying the structure of the most common diseases of children in the first year of life, depending on the type of feeding, it was revealed that the greatest percentage both in group I (group) and in group II (claim) are children with acute intestinal infections — in group I (group 1)) group in 7.7±2.34% of children, in subgroup II (claim) in 11.7±2.93% of children (p=0.3905). Conclusions. The results obtained indicate a positive effect of breastfeeding on anthropometric indicators and the formation of basic skills in young children. The incidence of infectious diseases (ARI and OCI) revealed in children who received breast milk, compared with children who are bottle-fed, indicates that breastfeeding has the ability to create conditions for reducing the incidence of diseases in young children. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of all participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the author. Key words: types of feeding, physical development, motor skills, morbidity, children under 1 year old.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding, maternal asthma and wheezing in the first year of life: a longitudinal birth cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1602019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan B. Azad ◽  
Lorena Vehling ◽  
Zihang Lu ◽  
David Dai ◽  
Padmaja Subbarao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Adjusted Rate ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Impact

The impact of breastfeeding on respiratory health is uncertain, particularly when the mother has asthma. We examined the association of breastfeeding and wheezing in the first year of life.We studied 2773 infants from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort. Caregivers reported on infant feeding and wheezing episodes at 3, 6 and 12 months. Breastfeeding was classified as exclusive, partial (supplemented with formula or complementary foods) or none.Overall, 21% of mothers had asthma, 46% breastfed for at least 12 months and 21% of infants experienced wheezing. Among mothers with asthma, breastfeeding was inversely associated with infant wheezing, independent of maternal smoking, education and other risk factors (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 0.52; 95% CI 0.35–0.77 for ≥12 versus <6 months breastfeeding). Compared with no breastfeeding at 6 months, wheezing was reduced by 62% with exclusive breastfeeding (aRR 0.38; 95% CI 0.20–0.71) and by 37% with partial breastfeeding supplemented with complementary foods (aRR 0.63; 95% CI 0.43–0.93); however, breastfeeding was not significantly protective when supplemented with formula (aRR 0.89; 95% CI 0.61–1.30). Associations were not significant in the absence of maternal asthma (p-value for interaction <0.01).Breastfeeding appears to confer protection against wheezing in a dose-dependent manner among infants born to mothers with asthma.

Determinants of Growth From Birth to 12 Months Among Breast-Fed Honduran Infants in Relation to Age of Introduction of Complementary Foods

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-510
Author(s):  
Roberta J. Cohen ◽  
Kenneth H. Brown ◽  
Judy Canahuati ◽  
Leonardo Landa Rivera ◽  
Kathryn G. Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
First Year ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
The Us ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Breast Fed

Objectives. To evaluate the impact of introducing complementary foods to exclusively breast-fed infants at 4 vs 6 months on growth from 6 to 12 months, and to compare growth patterns of Honduran infants with those of breast-fed infants in the United States. Design. Randomized intervention trial from 4 to 6 months and longitudinal study of infants from birth to 12 months. Setting. Low-income communities in San Pedro Sula, Honduras. Subjects. Primiparous, breast-feeding mothers and their infants (n = 141) recruited from public maternity hospitals. Intervention. Infants were randomly assigned to exclusive breast-feeding to 6 months, or exclusive breast-feeding with addition of hygienically prepared, nutritionally adequate complementary foods at 4 months, with or without maintenance of baseline breast-feeding frequency. After 6 months, mothers continued to breast-feed and also fed their infants home-prepared foods after receiving instruction in appropriate feeding practices. Outcome Measures. Infant weight was measured monthly during the first year of life and infant length monthly from 4 to 12 months. Statistical Analysis. Growth parameters were compared between the Honduran and US cohorts using multiple-regression and repeated-measures analysis of variance. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify determinants of infant growth. Results. There were no differences in growth patterns by intervention group. Mean birth weight of the Honduran infants was significantly less than that of a cohort of breast-fed infants in an affluent US population (n = 46) (2889 ± 482 vs 3611 ± 509 g), but the Honduran infants exhibited rapid catch up in weight in the first few months of life, and the cohorts were similar in weight by 3 months. Mean weight and length gain were similar to those of the US cohort from 4 to 9 months but were lower from 9 to 12 months. Mean length for age was significantly less than that of the US cohort from 4 to 12 months; this was attributable to the difference in maternal height (12 cm shorter in Honduras on average). Within the Honduran cohort, growth velocity of low birth weight infants (&lt;2500 g; n = 28) was similar to that of their normal birth weight peers; thus, the former subgroup remained smaller than the latter throughout the first year of life. Conclusions. In poor populations, when breast-feeding is exclusive for the first 4 to 6 months, continues from 6 to 12 months, and is accompanied by generally adequate complementary foods, faltering in weight does not occur before 9 months among infants born with birth weights of more than 2500 g.

Clinical Characteristics of Measles in Infancy: A Hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Farhana Rahat ◽  
MF Abiduzzaman ◽  
Ahmed Murtaza Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
First Year ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Main Complication

Background: There is a global resurgence of measles among children in recent years and a number of infants are being affected. Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of measles in infancy and to describe their clinical characteristics in a tertiary care children hospital. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in Dr. MR Khan Shishu Hospital and Institute of Child Health from March, 2019 to February, 2020. The children who came with signs and symptoms of measles, like fever with maculopapular rash associated with cough, runny nose and conjunctivitis were recorded and frequency of measles in infants among hospitalized measles patients was noted. Infants with measles were enrolled for the study and their clinical characteristics, complications and outcome were determined. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23. Results: A total of 64 infants were studied. The frequency of measles in infants among hospitalized measles patients was 43%. Forty seven percent infants were between 9 to 10 months. Clinical features were typical and all had fever and maculopapular rash. Pneumonia was the main complication and occurred in 50(78%) cases which was followed by oral ulcer 42(66%), diarrhea 26(41%), febrile seizure 9(14%) and croup 5(8%). Thirty four (53%) infant had normal nutritional status. Only 19.51% infant received first dose of measles vaccine. The mortality rate was 2(3%). Conclusion: A number of children are being affected by measles before completing first year of life and they develop complications which are related to morbidity and mortality. So, control and prevention of measles in infancy should give more importance. DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(1) : 20-24

scholarly journals Canadian infants' nutrient intakes from complementary foods during the first year of life

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James K Friel ◽  
Rhona M Hanning ◽  
Corinne A Isaak ◽  
Daniel Prowse ◽  
Angela C Miller
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals LOCAL NODULAR PROCESSES AFTER BREAST CANCER SURGERY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-74
Author(s):  
Dmitry Maksimov ◽  
Alexey Sergeev ◽  
Aleksandr Aseev ◽  
Maxim Korolenko ◽  
Alimjan Armasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Operative Treatment ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Surgery ◽  
First Year ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study is based on treatment outcomes in 140 women who underwent operative treatment in the volume of oncoplastic radical resection (main group, n = 70) and Madden’s radical mastectomy (comparison group, n = 70) for 1st to 2nd stages of breast cancer. When examined during the first year after surgery, no progression (local and distant) of the disease was observed, both after oncoplastic radical resections and Madden’s radical mastectomy. Nodal processes in the surgical area were identified in 7.1% of patients in the main group and 10.0% in the comparison group. No significant difference was found between the groups. We noted that after oncoplastic radical resection, oleogranulomas were more common, whereas after Madden’s radical mastectomy — organized lymphoceles were observed more often.

scholarly journals Humoral markers of endothelial dysfunction in children of the first year of life born with intrauterine growth retardation syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Zakharova ◽  
L. G. Levina
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Full Term ◽  
First Year ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
First Year Of Life

The article presents data on the functional state of endothelium in children of the first year of life, born with different variants of intrauterine growth retardation syndrome. The main group consisted of 60 full-term newborns with hypotrophic and hypoplastic variants of intrauterine growth retardation syndrome. The comparison group included 20 full-term newborns with normal anthropometric indicators. The examination was conducted on 7–10 days of life and at the age of 1 year of life. Newborns of the main group had deviations in health status: perinatal damage to the central nervous system, anemia, irregular colonization of the intestinal microflora, hyperbilirubinemia. Violations of the functional state of the endothelium was manifested by a change in the ratio of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, in particular, a reduced content of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide in the blood and an increased content of renin and vascular endothelial growth factor. During the first year of life, all children were diagnosed with physical underdevelopment. Violation of the functional state of the endothelium was manifested by an increase in the level of endothelin-1, which is a vasoconstrictor. The results obtained allow to suggest that the identified changes contribute to the disruption of blood circulation and gas exchange in the organs and systems that ensure the growth and development of children.

Clinical Management Considerations in Long-Term Survivors With Trisomy 18

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-759
Author(s):  
Don C. Van Dyke ◽  
Malinda Allen
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Trisomy 18 ◽  
First Year ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Support Organization ◽  
Present Complex ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Long Term Survivors

As many as 90% or more of children with trisomy 18 die within the first year of life. A review of six patients with trisomy 18 documented by karyotype surviving past 1 year of age and of the trisomy 18 files of the Support Organization for Trisomy 18 and 13 indicated that a small number of children with trisomy 18 survive beyond their first year of life; a few live into their teens and twenties. In addition to medical problems that are unique to this chromosomal syndrome, these patients present complex medical problems common to all persons with chromosomal anomalies. The primary and tertiary care consultants who are able to provide knowledge and sensitive supportive care to children with trisomy 18 and to their parents are performing a service of significant benefit, no matter how brief the life span of the child may be.

scholarly journals Eating Patterns and Food Choices of Latvian Infants during Their First Year of Life

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Sirina ◽  
Ieva Strele ◽  
Inese Siksna ◽  
Dace Gardovska
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
First Year ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Breastfeeding Rate ◽  
First Year Of Life

Introduction: Pregnancy, infancy, and early childhood are periods of rapid growth and development. The role of nutrition is very important during these critical growth and development periods. The aim of the study was to investigate infant feeding practices through the first year of life in Latvia, and to compare feeding practices with nutritional guidelines in Latvia and other European countries. Methods: We analysed cross-sectional study data from food frequency questionnaires with additional questions on breastfeeding and complementary feeding introduction. A total of 266 infants from all Latvian regions from birth to 1-year-old were included in the study. Breastfeeding rates were assessed by month of age. Complementary feeding was assessed using three age groups (0–3.9 months, 4–6.9 months, and 7–12.9 months), whereas two groups were used to assess food frequency and portion sizes (0–5.9 months and 6–12.9 months). Results: The breastfeeding rate during the first month of life was 89%. At 6 months, 68% of infants received breast milk, but by 12 months, only 45% still received breast milk. Complementary foods were introduced at a mean age of 5 months (standard deviation = 1). Before 4 months of age, 9% of infants were receiving complementary food, the majority (85%) between 4 and 6 months of age. There were 6% of infants who were introduced to complementary foods after 7 months of age. First complementary food choices were mainly porridge (64%), vegetables (21%), and fruits (10%). After 6 months of age, foods from almost all food groups were present in each infant diet at least once per day, such as vegetables (85%), potatoes (85%), fruits (81%), dairy (78%), and meat (73%), less than once per day—grains (88%), fats (73%), cow’s milk (66%), eggs (45%), fish (36%), and legumes (28%). Conclusion: Breastfeeding rate during first months of life is high in Latvia. Breastfeeding was sustained at the age of 6 months, in the highest rate among Baltic countries. However, only 45% continued breastfeeding at the age of 12 months, in accordance with WHO recommendations. A guideline on complementary feeding is followed by the majority of parents. There are deviations from guidelines in inclusion of some foods in the diet and frequency of consumption.

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