scholarly journals The tasks of forensic psychopathology and its modern meaning for a doctor and a lawyer

2020 ◽  
Vol VI (2) ◽  
pp. a1-a42
Author(s):  
B. I. Vorotynsky
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Past Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Statistical Studies

Over the past time, both in the general and in the special medical press, alarming voices have been heard louder and louder about the gradual increase in the number of mentally ill people among the population. This fact with constancy is also confirmed by the corresponding statistical studies and reports of psychiatric hospitals.

scholarly journals Letter from Australia: mental healthcare in Victoria

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
The Past

SummaryMental health services in the state of Victoria, Australia, have undergone enormous change over the past 15 years, with the closure of all stand-alone psychiatric hospitals and a shift of resources and services into the community. Although successful overall, various areas cause concern, including pressure on acute beds, a paucity of alternative residential options, and suboptimal integration of government and non-government agencies concerned with the care of people with mental illnesses. Certain groups, notably those with complex symptom sets such as substance use and mental illness, intellectual disability and forensic problems, remain poorly catered for by the system. Finally, community stigma and lack of work inclusion for mentally ill individuals are ongoing challenges.

scholarly journals Weapon carrying: an important part of risk assessment

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Perry ◽  
Irene D. Cormack ◽  
Colin Campbell ◽  
Alison Reed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
Weapon Carrying ◽  
The Past ◽  
Seriously Mentally Ill

Over the past 20 years, with the closure of psychiatric hospitals, there has been a greater emphasis on treatment of the seriously mentally ill in the community. Recently, there have been untoward incidents involving psychiatric patients leading to increasing public concern over this policy. Steps to reduce this concern have included the care programme approach, the supervision register and the community supervision order. Each requires some form of risk assessment to be carried out prior to their implementation, although there is little guidance on what areas should be covered.

What Works in Work with Relatives? – A Hypothesis

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (S5) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Katschnig ◽  
Teresa Konieczna
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
The Past ◽  
What Works ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The 1950S

In the past, psychiatry has paid little attention to the relatives of the mentally ill, but this attitude has changed gradually since the 1950s, when increasing numbers of patients began to be discharged from psychiatric hospitals through the introduction of neuroleptics and other changes. Especially for schizophrenic patients, with the low age of onset of the disorder, this development has meant that in many cases, the burden of care fell on their families, and as a consequence of this development, relatives have gradually become an important factor in care (Katschnig & Konieczna, 1987a). This field of involvement of relatives continues to expand, but is becoming increasingly confusing and complex. Our task here is an attempt to offer a structure within which to understand the manifold relative-centred activities that exist today.

scholarly journals Variables Associated with the Use of Coercive Measures on Psychiatric Patients in Spanish Penitentiary Centers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Girela ◽  
A. López ◽  
L. Ortega ◽  
J. De-Juan ◽  
F. Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Coercive Measure ◽  
Coercive Measures ◽  
External Assessment ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
The Family ◽  
Inpatient Units

We have studied the use of coercive medical measures (forced medication, isolation, and mechanical restraint) in mentally ill inmates within two secure psychiatric hospitals (SPH) and three regular prisons (RP) in Spain. Variables related to adopted coercive measures were analyzed, such as type of measure, causes of indication, opinion of patient inmate, opinion of medical staff, and more frequent morbidity. A total of 209 patients (108 from SPH and 101 from RP) were studied. Isolation (41.35%) was the most frequent coercive measure, followed by mechanical restraint (33.17%) and forced medication (25.48%). The type of center has some influence; specifically in RP there is less risk of isolation and restraint than in SPH. Not having had any previous imprisonment reduces isolation and restraint risk while increases the risk of forced medication, as well as previous admissions to psychiatric inpatient units does. Finally, the fact of having lived with a partner before imprisonment reduces the risk of forced medication and communication with the family decreases the risk of isolation. Patients subjected to a coercive measure exhibited a pronounced psychopathology and most of them had been subjected to such measures on previous occasions. The mere fact of external assessment of compliance with human rights slows down the incidence of coercive measures.

scholarly journals Development of hospital treatment of persons with mental disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milutin Nenadovic
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

Discordances of harmonic mental functioning are as old as the human kind. Psychopathological behaviour of an individual in the past was not treated as an illness. That means that psychopathology was not considered an illness. In all past civilizations discordance of mental harmony of an individual is interpreted from the physiological aspect. Psychopathologic expression was not considered an illness, so social attitudes about psychiatric patients in the past were non-medical and generally speaking inhuman. Hospitals did not follow development of medicine for admission of psychiatric patients in past civilizations, not even in the antique era. According to historic sources, the first hospital that was meant for mental patients only was established in the 15th century, 1409 in Valencia (Spain). Therefore mental patients were isolated in a special institution-hospital, and social community rejected them. Only in the new era psychopathological behavior begins to be treated as an illness. Therefore during the 19th century psychiatry is developed as a special branch of medicine, and mental disorder is more and more seen according to the principals of interpretation of physical illnesses. By the middle of the 19th century psychiatric hospitals are humanized, and patients are being less physically restricted. Deinstitutialisation in protection of mental health is the heritage of reforms from the beginning of the 19th century which regarded the prevention of mental health protection. It was necessary to develop institutions of the prevention of protection in the community which would primarily have social support and characteristics.

scholarly journals Salivation when the pregnant uterus is bent backwards

1898 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-834
Author(s):  
N. Kakushkin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnant Uterus ◽  
Past Time ◽  
The Past

Over the past time, a whole series of reports have appeared about cases of increased salivation in pregnant women. The author attaches his case to the described ones.

EV466Characterization of the refugee population in a psychiatry clinic in Lisbon

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S402-S402
Author(s):  
H. Prata-Ribeiro ◽  
A. Bento ◽  
A. Ponte ◽  
B. Costa Neves ◽  
L. Gil
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Transcultural Psychiatry ◽  
Refugee Population ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
The Past ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Refugee Men

AbstractThe refugee population has been a growing concern to the developed countries in general and to Europe in particular. The recent mass migrations are changing the population that is getting to the psychiatric hospitals, not only culturally but also pathologically. The aim of this study is to characterize the refugee population that contacts with the clinic of transcultural psychiatry in Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa, understanding the most frequent pathologies and nationalities. The methods used consisted in analyzing the refugee population that attended a psychotherapeutic group and consultation in the Transcultural clinic of Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa during the past year. Analyzing the population, 66 refugees were in contact with the transcultural clinic, 44 of which were men, being the other 22 women, representing a total of 23 countries. The more frequent nationality was Iranian (20) and the most frequent diagnosis was “adjustment disorder and anxiety” (38). We can reach the conclusion that more refugee men contact with our psychiatric hospital than women, accounting for 66, 6% of the total; 30, 3% of the refugees were from Iran, followed by Pakistan with 10, 6%. The fact that the most frequent diagnosis is adjustment disorder and anxiety, accounting for 57, 6% of the sample, seems to point out the extreme stress refugees undergo.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Your supported lodgings

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 270-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Robson
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Mentally Handicapped ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Chronically Mentally Ill ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Successful Rehabilitation

Supported lodgings are an important means of achieving the successful rehabilitation and resettlement of the chronically mentally ill into the community (Anstee, 1978, 1985). In a survey of 15 psychiatric hospitals in England and Wales, it was estimated that 9.3% of the long-stay patients (i.e. in-patients from one to five years) under 65 years of age were ideally suited to less supervised accommodation outside the hospital. In Gloucestershire the Supported Lodging Scheme is provided by the Psychiatric Social Services Department. It was started to enable ‘new’ and ‘old’ long-stay patients at Coney Hill and Horton Road hospitals to be settled in the community. Now any psychiatric or mentally handicapped patient can also enter the scheme if appropriate.

scholarly journals Trends in the development of psychiatric services in India

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
The Past ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
Health Centres

Over the past five decades, services for the mentally ill in India have steadily improved. From a predominantly mental hospital based service, provision has now moved to general hospitals and primary health centres. A variety of factors have contributed to changes in the quality of services. This paper briefly reviews the changes and discusses the relevance of some of them.

Tax Culture and Trust

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-387
Author(s):  
Irina Ivanovna Ogorodnikova ◽  
Irina Fedorovna Pecherkina ◽  
Nadezhda Vladimirovna Baksha ◽  
Anna Nikolaevna Tarasova
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Institutional Trust ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Main Component ◽  
High Level

Abstract The purpose of this research is to study the influence of the level of public trust in various social institutions and structures on shaping tax culture. The authors identify three components of tax culture, namely, tax morality, tax literacy, and tax behavior. Institutional trust as the main component of a tax paying culture has a strong impact on tax morality. The groups with a high level of institutional trust have only about a third as many tax deviations as the groups with a low level of institutional trust. Over the past decade, Russia has seen a gradual increase in trust, which contributes to strengthening tax morality and raising the level of tax culture in the population. This is manifested in increased tax collection and reduced tax arrears. Nevertheless, tax opportunism still persists in Russian society. Almost a third of citizens do not consider themselves obliged to pay taxes and are tolerant of tax deviations. This fact may serve as a factor in the reproduction of deviant forms of taxpayer behavior, together with a low level of tax literacy in the population.

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