scholarly journals Weapon carrying: an important part of risk assessment

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Perry ◽  
Irene D. Cormack ◽  
Colin Campbell ◽  
Alison Reed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
Weapon Carrying ◽  
The Past ◽  
Seriously Mentally Ill

Over the past 20 years, with the closure of psychiatric hospitals, there has been a greater emphasis on treatment of the seriously mentally ill in the community. Recently, there have been untoward incidents involving psychiatric patients leading to increasing public concern over this policy. Steps to reduce this concern have included the care programme approach, the supervision register and the community supervision order. Each requires some form of risk assessment to be carried out prior to their implementation, although there is little guidance on what areas should be covered.

Viewpoint: do antipsychotics protect against early death? A critical view

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Medication Usage ◽  
Mortality Risks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Seriously Mentally Ill ◽  
Prescription Databases

Abstract In the past 15 years, researchers utilizing prescription databases to assess medication usage have concluded that antipsychotics reduce mortality in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. These findings stand in contrast to studies in non-psychiatric patients that have found that antipsychotics, because of their adverse effects on physical health, increase the risk of early death. A critical review of the evidence reveals that the worry remains. There is reason to conclude that antipsychotics contribute to the ‘mortality gap’ between the seriously mentally ill and the general population and that the database studies are plagued with methodological and reporting issues. Most importantly, the database studies tell of mortality rates within a drug-centered paradigm of care, which confounds any comparison of mortality risks when patients are on or off antipsychotics.

scholarly journals Variables Associated with the Use of Coercive Measures on Psychiatric Patients in Spanish Penitentiary Centers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Girela ◽  
A. López ◽  
L. Ortega ◽  
J. De-Juan ◽  
F. Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Coercive Measure ◽  
Coercive Measures ◽  
External Assessment ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
The Family ◽  
Inpatient Units

We have studied the use of coercive medical measures (forced medication, isolation, and mechanical restraint) in mentally ill inmates within two secure psychiatric hospitals (SPH) and three regular prisons (RP) in Spain. Variables related to adopted coercive measures were analyzed, such as type of measure, causes of indication, opinion of patient inmate, opinion of medical staff, and more frequent morbidity. A total of 209 patients (108 from SPH and 101 from RP) were studied. Isolation (41.35%) was the most frequent coercive measure, followed by mechanical restraint (33.17%) and forced medication (25.48%). The type of center has some influence; specifically in RP there is less risk of isolation and restraint than in SPH. Not having had any previous imprisonment reduces isolation and restraint risk while increases the risk of forced medication, as well as previous admissions to psychiatric inpatient units does. Finally, the fact of having lived with a partner before imprisonment reduces the risk of forced medication and communication with the family decreases the risk of isolation. Patients subjected to a coercive measure exhibited a pronounced psychopathology and most of them had been subjected to such measures on previous occasions. The mere fact of external assessment of compliance with human rights slows down the incidence of coercive measures.

scholarly journals Development of hospital treatment of persons with mental disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milutin Nenadovic
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

Discordances of harmonic mental functioning are as old as the human kind. Psychopathological behaviour of an individual in the past was not treated as an illness. That means that psychopathology was not considered an illness. In all past civilizations discordance of mental harmony of an individual is interpreted from the physiological aspect. Psychopathologic expression was not considered an illness, so social attitudes about psychiatric patients in the past were non-medical and generally speaking inhuman. Hospitals did not follow development of medicine for admission of psychiatric patients in past civilizations, not even in the antique era. According to historic sources, the first hospital that was meant for mental patients only was established in the 15th century, 1409 in Valencia (Spain). Therefore mental patients were isolated in a special institution-hospital, and social community rejected them. Only in the new era psychopathological behavior begins to be treated as an illness. Therefore during the 19th century psychiatry is developed as a special branch of medicine, and mental disorder is more and more seen according to the principals of interpretation of physical illnesses. By the middle of the 19th century psychiatric hospitals are humanized, and patients are being less physically restricted. Deinstitutialisation in protection of mental health is the heritage of reforms from the beginning of the 19th century which regarded the prevention of mental health protection. It was necessary to develop institutions of the prevention of protection in the community which would primarily have social support and characteristics.

scholarly journals The tasks of forensic psychopathology and its modern meaning for a doctor and a lawyer

2020 ◽  
Vol VI (2) ◽  
pp. a1-a42
Author(s):  
B. I. Vorotynsky
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Past Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Statistical Studies

Over the past time, both in the general and in the special medical press, alarming voices have been heard louder and louder about the gradual increase in the number of mentally ill people among the population. This fact with constancy is also confirmed by the corresponding statistical studies and reports of psychiatric hospitals.

Use of risk assessment tools for people with intellectual disability: The latest evidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S38-S38 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Morrissey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Lower Intelligence ◽  
The Uk

A relatively high proportion of people detained in forensic psychiatric hospitals have intellectual disabilities (up to 3000 people in the UK; Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2013), and people with intellectual disability are significantly over-represented among those psychiatric patients with long lengths of hospital stay (CQC, 2013; Vollm, 2015). People with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities are also prevalent in the UK prison system.Although the relationship between intelligence and offending is complex, lower intelligence is a known actuarial risk factor for offending behaviour. Studies, which have investigated the prediction of re-offending risk in populations with intellectual disability, have nevertheless found lower rates of recorded re-offending compared to those in mainstream forensic populations (e.g. Gray et al., 2010). The relatively high rate of ‘offending-like’ behaviour, which is not processed through the criminal justice system in people with intellectual disability makes risk prediction a more complex exercise with this group of people. It also makes outcomes measurement more difficult.This paper will give an overview of the current research evidence and clinical practice in the field of risk assessment, risk management and outcome measurement with offenders with intellectual disability. It will summarise the findings of a recent NIHR funded systematic review by the author, which pertains to this area, and will point to future developments in the field.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

Per una storia dell'affidamento dei malati psichiatrici alle famiglie: Towards a history of the family care of psychiatric patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Guarnieri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Staff

SummaryInserting adults with psychic problems into families has recently been practiced in various European countries and also in Italy, where some mental health departments support such families. Beyond the well known story of Gheel, the etero and omofamily care of psychiatric patients has a forgotten history. Methods – On the basis of unexplored and exceptionally rich sources from the archives of the asylums in Florence, as well as of the Province di Florence, which funded assistance to the mentally ill – this research focuses on the subsidized “domestic custody” of hundreds of psychiatric patients, who had already been institutionalized. Beginning in 1866, outboarding was supported by the provincial administration in Florence with the collaboration of the asylum medical direction. Results – In the late 19th C. and in the early 20th C. prestigious psychiatrists sought alternatives to the institutionalisation. These alternatives involved varied participants in a community (the patients and their families, the administrators and the medical specialists, the neighborhood and the police). The families played a special role that historians of the psychiatry exclusively dedicated to the insane asylums have not really seen. Conclusions – The role of the families in the interaction with the psychiatric staff is not, even on a historiographical level, simply an additional and marginal chapter of the practices and of the culture of the mental health. These archival evidence contradicts some common places on the past of the Italian psychiatry before 1978, and provokes new reflections of possible relevance to the present.

scholarly journals Letter from Australia: mental healthcare in Victoria

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
The Past

SummaryMental health services in the state of Victoria, Australia, have undergone enormous change over the past 15 years, with the closure of all stand-alone psychiatric hospitals and a shift of resources and services into the community. Although successful overall, various areas cause concern, including pressure on acute beds, a paucity of alternative residential options, and suboptimal integration of government and non-government agencies concerned with the care of people with mental illnesses. Certain groups, notably those with complex symptom sets such as substance use and mental illness, intellectual disability and forensic problems, remain poorly catered for by the system. Finally, community stigma and lack of work inclusion for mentally ill individuals are ongoing challenges.

An Appraisal of the Continuing Practice of Prescribing Tranquillizing Drugs for Long-stay Psychiatric Patients

1967 ◽  
Vol 113 (501) ◽  
pp. 867-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Hughes ◽  
J. Crawford Little
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Striking Change ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Observation

Few with relevant experience would dispute the common observation that a striking change for the better has taken place in the behaviour of long-stay patients in British psychiatric hospitals over the past fifteen years.

Patients as parents: the risk to children

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (S32) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Oates
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Illness Severity ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Seriously Mentally Ill ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
The Family

Traditionally adult psychiatrists have been more concerned with their patient's family of origin than with the family of procreation. When considering the management of the seriously mentally ill, the family is regarded as a potential source of stress or care, and little attention is given to the role of the patient as a parent (Rutter, 1966; Bennett, 1996). This position is exemplified by the absence of questions relating to childcare on the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS; Wing et al, 1995). This scale is likely to be widely used in the Care Programme Approach in England and Wales as an indicator of illness severity and outcome. Such questions should include the effect of the illness and disability on the physical and emotional development of the child, and the patients' ability to manage the responsibilities of childcare.

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