Clinical structure of psychoses, associated with use of modern synthetic psychoactive substances

2020 ◽  
Vol LII (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Grigory M. Usov ◽  
Sergey A. Rakitin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Bath Salts ◽  
Gaba Agonists

Psychoses associated with use of modern synthetic psychoactive substances (PAS) have significant differences in clinical features for making accurate diagnosis. These features play important role in correct diagnosis of psychoses, associated with synthetic cannabis (spice), synthetic stimulants (bath salts), and synthetic GABA-agonists (butyrates) still badly investigated. Theaimof this study was to reveal main symptoms and syndromes of psychoses associated with modern synthetic PAS. Methods: clinical and psychopathological, laboratory, statistical. Results. We examined 154patients with psychoses associated with modern synthetic PAS: 53users of synthetic cannabinoids (spices), 54users of synthetic psychostimulants (cathinones, metcathinones, bath salts), and 47users of synthetic GABA-agonists (butyrolactone). Conclusion. Differences in psychotic symptoms in different groups are described.

scholarly journals Lupus Miliaris Disseminatus Faciei versus Granulomatous Rosacea: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Ji-In Seo ◽  
Min Kyung Shin
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Scar Formation ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Dermatoses ◽  
Granulomatous Rosacea

Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei (LMDF) and granulomatous rosacea are 2 distinct inflammatory dermatoses with overlapping clinical features: reddish-yellow papular eruptions localized on the central face. Consequently, LMDF can easily be misdiagnosed as granulomatous rosacea or vice versa. Because delayed treatment in LMDF may increase chances of permanent scar formation, accurate diagnosis is important. We therefore analyzed published literature and case studies to organize the essential features differentiating LMDF from granulomatous rosacea. In addition, we report each case of LMDF and granulomatous rosacea for direct comparison.

Cocaine Dependence Produce Psychiatric Symptoms - a Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Stankovic ◽  
S. Vucetic-Arsic ◽  
S. Alcaz ◽  
J. Cvejic
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cocaine Dependence ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Outpatient Unit ◽  
Special Hospital ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Brain

Aim:We want to present a polymorphic clinical features like: hallutinations, paranoid ideas, agitation and violence as a result of prolonged cocaine intranasal consumption.Methods:We exposed a 30-year old male patient with ICD-X diagnostic criteria for cocaine dependence (intranasal consumption) that treated in the outpatient unit of Special Hospital of Addicitons, Belgrade, Serbia from April to July 2008. We used the medical records, psychical examination, psychiatric interwievs, standard blood sampling and cocaine urine detections sample (positive).Results:Observations a specific and polymorphic clinical features with presence of psychotic symptoms after cocaine consumptions in our male patient, for the first time after 5 years of cocaine dependence: auditory hallucinations (two- voice speakers), paranoid persecution ideas and suspiciousness, agitation with appearance of vegetative symptomatology (palpitations, sweating, pupil dilatation), extremely violence behavior to other people, complete social reductions (“armed to the outside world”, refused any personal contact and isolated from friends and family, permanent outdoor checking). There was an intensive fear too and impaired judgment.Conclusions:Permanent cocaine consumption can result with produce a numerous of psychiatric symptoms and syndromes as our experience does. It is similar to the findings of other studies and papers reviewed. It is suppose that cocaine has numerous effects on important neurotransmitters in the brain, such as increase as well as the release of dopamine and it related with aggressiveness, hallucinations and other psychiatric symptoms.

Baseline and prodromal characteristics of first- versus multiple-episode mania in a French cohort of bipolar patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-M. Azorin ◽  
A. Kaladjian ◽  
M. Adida ◽  
E. Fakra ◽  
E. Hantouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Prodromal Phase ◽  
Multiple Episode ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Bipolar Patients

AbstractObjective:To identify some of the main features of bipolar disorder for both first-episode (FE) mania and the preceding prodromal phase, in order to increase earlier recognition.Methods:One thousand and ninety manic patients (FE=81, multiple-episodes [ME]=1009) were assessed for clinical and temperamental characteristics.Results:Compared to ME, FE patients reported more psychotic and less depressive symptoms but were comparable with respect to temperamental measures and comorbid anxiety. The following independent variables were associated with FE mania: a shorter delay before correct diagnosis, greater substance use, being not divorced, greater stressors before current mania, a prior diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, lower levels of depression during index manic episode, and more suicide attempts in the past year.Conclusion:In FE patients, the diagnosis of mania may be overlooked, as they present with more psychotic symptoms than ME patients. The prodromal phase is characterised by high levels of stress, suicide attempts, anxiety disorders and alcohol or substance abuse. Data suggest to consider these prodromes as harmful consequences of temperamental predispositions to bipolar disorder that may concur to precipitate mania onset. Their occurrence should therefore incite clinicians to screen for the presence of such predispositions, in order to identify patients at risk of FE mania.

Novel psychoactive substances in a psychiatric young adults sample: A multicenter, observational study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S311-S311
Author(s):  
M. Lupi ◽  
T. Acciavatti ◽  
S. Marini ◽  
E. Cinosi ◽  
R. Santacroce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Novel Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Multicenter Observational Study ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Population

IntroductionComorbidities between psychiatric diseases and consumption of traditional substances of abuse are common. Nevertheless, there is no data regarding the use of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in the psychiatric population.ObjectivesThe purpose of this multicentre survey is to investigate the consumption of a wide variety of psychoactive substances in a young psychiatric sample.MethodsBetween September 2013 and November 2015, a questionnaire has been administered, in ten Italian psychiatric care facilities, to a sample of 671 psychiatric patients (48.5% men; 51.5% women), aged between 18 and 26 years (mean age: 22.24).Results8.2% of the sample declared use of NPS at least once in a lifetime and 2.2% have assumed NPS in the last three months. The NPS more used were synthetic cannabinoids (4.5%), followed by methamphetamine (3.6%). The three psychiatric diagnosis with more frequent NPS consumption were bipolar disorder (23.1%), personality disorders (11.8%) and schizophrenia and related disorders (11.6%). Bipolar disorder was associated with NPS consumption (P < .001). Among the illicit drugs investigated, 31.4% of the sample was cannabis smoker and 10.7% cocaine user. Moreover, 70.6% of the sample declared alcohol use and 47.7% had binge drinking conducts. In univariate regression analysis, bipolar disorder was positive associated with binge drinking while obsessive compulsive disorder resulted negative associated.ConclusionsThe use of novel psychoactive substances in a young psychiatric population appears to be a frequent phenomenon, probably still underestimated. Bipolar disorder shows an association with NPS use. Therefore, careful and constant monitoring and accurate evaluations of possible clinical effects related to their use are necessary.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Ehlers–Danlos syndrome: how to diagnose and when to perform genetic tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Sobey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Connective Tissue Disorders ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Danlos Syndrome

The term Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) encompasses a group of inherited connective tissue disorders. The manifestations of EDS can be seen in skin, joints, blood vessels and internal organs and vary from mild to severe and life threatening. Each subtype is a separate and different condition. The genetic basis of many subtypes has now been elucidated, confirming heterogeneity. An awareness of the different conditions within this group is the starting point towards accurate diagnosis. Accurate elicitation of history and clinical signs is vital in selecting the correct confirmatory investigation. Skin biopsy with electron microscopy can be helpful in the decision process of whether and when to perform genetic testing. Correct diagnosis within the EDSs allows targeted management, family screening and prenatal diagnosis.

scholarly journals Case Report: Bilateral mandibular buccal bifurcation cysts

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1502
Author(s):  
Ashwag Aloyouny ◽  
Hamad Albagieh ◽  
Soad Mansour ◽  
Fahmy Mobarak
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
English Language ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Odontogenic Cyst ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Review Of The Literature

Buccal bifurcation cyst (BBC) is a rare inflammatory odontogenic cyst, which commonly affects children in the first decade of life. We report a case of a seven-year-old healthy boy with bilateral BBC, which involved unerupted incomplete permanent mandibular first molars. A review of the literature in English language revealed few similar cases. We reviewed 16 manuscripts of bilateral mandibular BBC, reporting a total of 20 cases since 1970. The clinical features of bilateral mandibular BBC summarized here could assist specialists with an accurate diagnosis and provide patients with optimal management.

scholarly journals Psychiatric Symptomatology in Early-Onset Binswanger’s Disease: Two Case Reports

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Lawrence ◽  
J. C. Hillam
Keyword(s):  
Early Identification ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Binswanger’S Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Binswanger's Disease

We describe two cases of Binswanger's disease of pre-senile onset which presented with affective and psychotic symptoms well before the appearance of cognitive deterioration and neurological signs, initially evading an accurate diagnosis. Psychiatrists should be aware of white matter disease and its role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric illness. Particular attention should be given to a history of hypertension as a risk factor in the early identification of these cases.

scholarly journals Molecular Networking: A Useful Tool for the Identification of New Psychoactive Substances in Seizures by LC–HRMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaminia Vincenti ◽  
Camilla Montesano ◽  
Francesca Di Ottavio ◽  
Adolfo Gregori ◽  
Dario Compagnone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Product ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Nmr Analysis ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Molecular Networking ◽  
Fentanyl Analogs ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Product Search

New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) are a global concern since they are spreading at an unprecedented rate. Despite their commerce still being limited compared to traditional illicit drugs, the identification of NPS in seizures may represent a challenge because of the variety of possible structures. In this study we report the successful application of molecular networking (MN) to identify unexpected fentanyl analogs in two seizures. The samples were extracted with 1 mL of methanol and analyzed with an untargeted data-dependent acquisition approach by LC–HRMS. The obtained data were examined using the MN workflow within the Global Natural Product Search (GNPS). A job was submitted to GNPS by including both seizures and standard mixtures containing synthetic cannabinoids and fentanyls raw files; spectra obtained from standards were used to establish representative networks for both molecular classes. All synthetic cannabinoids in the mixture were linked together resulting in a molecular network despite their different fragmentation spectra. Looking at fentanyls, all the molecules with the typical 188.143 and 105.070 fragments were combined in a representative network. By exploiting the standard networks two unexpected fentanyls were found in the analyzed seizures and were putatively annotated as para-fluorofuranylfentanyl and (iso)butyrylfentanyl. The identity of these two fentanyl analogs was confirmed by NMR analysis. Other m/z ratios in the seizures were compatible with fentanyl derivatives; however, they appeared to be minor constituents, probably impurities or synthetic byproducts. The latter might be of interest for investigations of common fingerprints among different seizures.

Lifetime presence of psychotic symptoms in bipolar disorder is associated with less favorable socio-demographic and certain clinical features

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Dell’Osso ◽  
Giulia Camuri ◽  
Laura Cremaschi ◽  
Cristina Dobrea ◽  
Massimiliano Buoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms

Intratracheal Ectopic Thyroid: Case Report and Review

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 406-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bariş Karakullukçu ◽  
M. Güven Güvenç ◽  
Harun Cansiz ◽  
Fatih Öktem ◽  
Büge Öz
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
External Approach ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

Intratracheal ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare abnormality that can cause airway obstruction. The symptoms can easily be confused with those of bronchial asthma. We describe the case of a 40-year-old man with subglottic thyroid tissue and multinodular goiter who had been misdiagnosed earlier with bronchial asthma. After the correct diagnosis was established, the lesion was excised via an external approach. We also discuss the clinical features and management of intratracheal thyroid tissue.

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