scholarly journals The effect of military-training experience on psychophysiological and cardiovascular characteristics of cognitive functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Konstantin I. Pavlov ◽  
Maxim I. Petrenko ◽  
Aleksy V. Syrtsev ◽  
Aleksy N. Archimuk ◽  
Ekaterina A. Mikheeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Distinctive Features

The aim of our research is to studying the effect of military-training experience on physical development, cognitive functions and their electrophysiological and cardiovascular characteristics. The object was cadets of the first course of the Naval institute (n = 125). All cadets have been divided into two groups: cadets of the 1st group had no of military-professional experience (n = 81), cadets of the 2nd group was graduated from Suvorov Military (Nakhimov Naval) High Schools (n = 44). We used anthropometrical measurements, physiological and psychophysiological tests, methods of electroencephalography, photoplethysmography and analysis of heart rate variability. To confirm significance of differences between groups ANOVA was used. Cadets of the investigated groups had many distinctive features in physical development, cognitive functions and their electrophysiological and cardiovascular characteristics witch demonstrated the effect of military-training experience.

scholarly journals Physiological characteristics of cognitive functions of cadets with military-training experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
M I Petrenko ◽  
K I Pavlov ◽  
A V Syrtsev ◽  
A N Archimuk ◽  
V N Mukhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Bioelectrical Activity ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Lower Quantity ◽  
False Start

Investigation of physiological mechanisms of cognitive functions and efficiency of cognitive activity is the major problem of military service psychophysiology. We have studied the effect of military-training experience on cognitive functions, heart rate variability and bioelectrical activity of sensorimotor cortex of cadets. Cadets with military-training experience from Suvorov Military (quantity of errors in Shulte’s test (0,16±0,57) in comparison with the cadets without military-training experience (0,54±1,08) (F=4,7; p=0,03). Cadets from Suvorov Military School had a higher quantity of false start (46,36±17,68) and lower quantity of retardation (86,39±17,44) on visual stimulus of test «Reaction on moving object». Cadets without military-training experience had quantity of false start - 38,04±18,95 (F=5,8; p=0,02) and quantity of retardation - 100,48±20,37 (F=15,1; p=0,001). Cadets with military-training experience solved a lower quantity of tasks in the test «Hours with rotation» (26,18±6,71) in comparison with the cadets without military-training experience (29,10±7,89; F=4,3; p=0,04). The maximum time of solving one task at cadets with military-training experience is more (38,07±10,66 sec) than at cadets without military-training experience (34,07±10,57 sec; F=4,0; p=0,05). Cadets with military-training experience had lower heart rate, the higher standard deviation of R-R-intervals and variation range, high level of relative power in the high-frequency spectral bound. They had high activity of sensorimotor cortex of right cerebral hemisphere in the tests with the switching of attention and had low activity of sensorimotor cortex of left cerebral hemisphere in the test with arithmetic tasks.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOМATIC HEALTH AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY OF FEМALE STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
А. L. Korepanov ◽  
У. V. Bobrik ◽  
О. А. Kondrashikhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Power Index ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Somatic Health ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms ◽  
Index Level ◽  
Vegetative Status

The purpose of the work was to study the physical development and vegetative status of female students. A study of physiometric indicators, the level of somatic health and the variability of heart rate in female students 18-20 years of training "Psychology" was conducted. Compliance with the existing standards of most indicators of physical development and vegetative homeostasis of female students of Sevastopol University has been established. A decrease in the brush index and somatic health was noted. The necessity of preventive physical rehabilitation of students is shown, which is confirmed by reduction of power index, level of somatic health, increase of tension of adaptation mechanisms of the studied. The possibility of using heart rate variability indicators for assessing the level of health of students and selecting persons for preventive rehabilitation has been established.

scholarly journals Cognitive Behavior Evaluation Based on Physiological Parameters among Young Healthy Subjects with Yoga as Intervention

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nagendra ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
S. Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Yoga Group

Objective. To investigate the effect of yoga practice on cognitive skills, autonomic nervous system, and heart rate variability by analyzing physiological parameters.Methods. The study was conducted on 30 normal young healthy engineering students. They were randomly selected into two groups: yoga group and control group. The yoga group practiced yoga one and half hour per day for six days in a week, for a period of five months.Results. The yoga practising group showed increasedα,β, andδEEG band powers and significant reduction inθandγband powers. The increasedαandβpower can represent enhanced cognitive functions such as memory and concentration, and that ofδsignifies synchronization of brain activity. The heart rate indexθ/αdecreased, neural activityβ/θincreased, attention resource indexβ/(α+θ)increased, executive load index(δ+θ)/αdecreased, and the ratio(δ+θ)/(α+β)decreased. The yoga practice group showed improvement in heart rate variability, increased SDNN/RMSSD, and reduction in LF/HF ratio.Conclusion. Yoga practising group showed significant improvement in various cognitive functions, such as performance enhancement, neural activity, attention, and executive function. It also resulted in increase in the heart rate variability, parasympathetic nervous system activity, and balanced autonomic nervous system reactivity.

scholarly journals Can Heart Rate Variability Determine Recovery Following Distinct Strength Loadings? A Randomized Cross-Over Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Thamm ◽  
Nils Freitag ◽  
Pedro Figueiredo ◽  
Kenji Doma ◽  
Christoph Rottensteiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Frequency Domains

This study aimed to compare the acute effects of hypertrophic (HYP) and maximum strength (MAX) loadings on heart rate variability (HRV) and to compare possible loading-specific alterations with other markers of recovery. Ten young men with strength training experience performed two leg press loadings (HYP: five times 10 repetitions at 70% of one repetition maximum (1RM) with 2 minutes inter-set rest; MAX: 15 times one repetition at 100% of 1RM with 3 minutes inter-set rest) in a randomized order. The root mean square of successive differences statistically decreased after both protocols (HYP: 65.7 ± 26.6 ms to 23.9 ± 18.7 ms, p = 0.026; MAX: 77.7 ± 37.0 ms to 55.3 ± 22.3 ms, p = 0.049), while the frequency domains of HRV remained statistically unaltered. The low frequency (LF) band statistically increased at 48h post-MAX only (p = 0.033). Maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVC) statistically decreased after HYP (p = 0.026) and returned to baseline after 24h of recovery. Creatine kinase (CK) statistically increased above baseline at 1h post-loadings (HYP p = 0.028; MAX p = 0.020), returning to baseline at 24h post. Our findings indicate no distinct associations between changes in HRV and MVC or CK.

scholarly journals S50. COGNITION AND EMOTION REGULATION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS WITH A HISTORY OF AGGRESSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S51-S52
Author(s):  
Anthony Ahmed ◽  
Sarah E Dihmes ◽  
Mila Kirstie-Kulsa ◽  
Amanda Hefner ◽  
Isidora Ljuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eyes Task

Abstract Background Studies have shown a convergence of neural systems implicated in cognitive control and social emotional functions with mechanisms involved in emotion regulation, awareness, and impulsive aggression. In a sample of patients with a history of aggression, we examined the association of cognitive and social cognitive functions with emotion regulation capacity, emotional awareness, impulse control, and aggression. Methods Participants were 78 individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder that participated in a cognitive training study. Emotion regulation capacity was indexed by obtaining participants’ heart rate variability (HRV), respiration, and skin conductance while participants viewed pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Three blocks of pictures were presented—a neutral block depicting pictures of everyday objects preceded by audio recordings of their description; an emotionally-evocative block preceded by their description, and a reappraisal block of emotionally-evocative pictures preceded by reappraisal statements. A subset of participants (N=37) completed the emotion regulation task. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task (Eyes Task), and the Emotion Recognition-40 (ER-40) were administered to assess cognitive functioning, mentalizing, and facial affect recognition respectively. Negative affectivity was captured using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) whereas aggression was measured with the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) and the Overt Aggression Scale Modified (OAS-M). In a smaller subsample of 12 individuals, we performed analyses of activation patterns during the performance of the emotion regulation task. Regions of interest (ROI) included the dACC, DLPFC, VLPFC, vmPFC, left and right amygdala, and the subcallosal cingulate. We created a regional mask of the cognitive control and emotional appraisal regions for event-related fMRI. Results There were inverse associations between performance on the MCCB and the Eyes Task and indices of emotion regulation capacity—in particular, significant associations were obtained with Low Frequency/High Frequency HRV ratio (r=-0.324, p<0.05) and SCL (r=-0.331, p<0.05). Both HRV and respiration measures were inversely correlated with aggression measured with the TAP suggesting an association between reduced emotion regulation capacity and a risk for aggression. There were inverse associations between activation within the event-related regional mask and low frequency/high frequency heart rate variability ratio at rest (r=-0.504, p=0.095) and during the viewing of emotionally-evocative pictures (r = -0.264, p=0.36). Associations with HRV were especially remarkable for the dorsomedial, ventrolateral, and right amygdala regions. Remarkably, increased activation in the regional mask when reappraisal statements were provided with emotionally-evocative pictures was inversely correlated with the life history of aggression LHA (r=-0.32, p=0.28, n=14) and OAS (r=-0.284, p=0.34, n=14) aggression scores. This pattern was present when the dACC, right and left amygdala, DLPFC, VLPFC, and the subcallosal cingulate were set as the seed region. Discussion The results show an association between cognitive functions and emotion regulation capacity indexed by measuring physiological arousal during the performance of the picture viewing task. Emotion regulation capacity also showed significant association with aggression. Deficits in cognitive and social cognitive abilities may contribute to and be viable targets for improving emotion regulation capacity and decreasing aggression risk.

scholarly journals THE NEW PHYSICAL EDUCATION AT SCHOOL: CORRECTIONAL AND HEALTH-IMPROVING USAGE OF STUDENTS’ PHYSIOLOGICAL INDEXES AS MARKERS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH DISORDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
V Gorelik ◽  
C Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim. The article deals with establishing the efficiency of applying control and measuring indexes at Physical Education classes (physical development indexes, heart rate variability) as factors of health development and academic performance assessment. Materials and methods. We examined 20 fifth-grade male pupils (n = 20) from school No 90 (Togliatti), who formed  the basic experimental group and followed a correction and development program. We also examined pupils of the same gender, age, and number at school No 91 (Togliatti) to form the control group with a standard school program. The following methods of diagnostics were used: a computer program ‘Express Assessment of Pupils’ Physical Health’ and heart rate variability assessment by means of Varicard 2.51 hardware and software complex. Results. The article provides the experimental justification of using the dynamics of functional indicators (physical development indexes, heart rate variability) as control and measuring indexes at Physical Education classes. We established that at the initial stage of the pedagogical experiment there were no significant differences between the indicators of physical health in the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, after lessons, including the selection of correction and development exercises depending on physical development indexes and heart rate variability, we registered a significant improvement of the parameters studied. In the control group, there were no significant changes in physical development or health status. Therefore, physiological markers provide a maximal objectivation of physical development, health, and academic progress assessment in pupils at PE lessons. Conclusion. Measuring physical development and health indexes in screening mode allows: 1) to perform a dynamic control of children ontogenesis, 2) to detect and promptly prevent dysontogenesis, 3) to prevent schoolchildren’s disadaptation after overloads.

scholarly journals Noninvasive measurements to evaluate the effects of military training on the human autonomic nervous system

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hong Chen ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Zhixin Li ◽  
Cuizhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sympathetic Skin Response ◽  
Pacemaker Activity ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Skin Response

AbstractBackground: Chinese university freshmen receive 4-weeks military training that involved moderate to intense physical exercise. Studies have demonstrated heterogeneous effects of exercise on the autonomic nervous system.Objective: To evaluate the effects of training on the autonomic nervous system noninvasively using electrogastrograms, heart rate variability (HRV), pulse rate, and the sympathetic skin response (SSR).Methods: Twenty freshmen received all assessments in the fasting state and after a standard meal: (1) one week before the training, (2) at the end of the second week of the training, and (3) one week after the training.Results: (1) The training had a significant effect on meal-induced gastric pacemaker activity. Before the training, a standard meal did not increase the dominant frequency of gastric slow waves, but the frequency increased during and after the training; (2) The preprandial high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF), and very low frequency (VLF) components of heart rate variability decreased significantly after the training. The ratio of the LF and HF (LF/HF) of the heart rate variability (HRV) did not significantly change after a meal or training condition. The basal pulse rate did not change. The latencies of the sympathetic skin response (SSR), as measured in the arm muscle, increased in response to the training.Conclusion: Military training affects meal-induced changes in gastric pacemaker activity, causes a marked reduction of the vagal tone to the heart with maintenance of the vagal-sympathetic balance, and its effects on SSR may reflect a reduction in sympathetic tone.

PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PREDICTORS OF MILITARY-OCCUPATIONAL ADAPTATION OF FIRST-YEAR CADETS OF A NAVAL INSTITUTE

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-36
Author(s):  
K. I. Pavlov ◽  
◽  
M. I. Petrenko ◽  
V. N. Mukhin ◽  
A. V. Syrtsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
First Year ◽  
Bioelectrical Activity ◽  
Occupational Adaptation ◽  
Mental Properties ◽  
High Level

There are no sufficient up-to-date publications on psychophysiological determinants of military-occupational adaptation and interrelations between psychological and psychophysiological characteristics of cognitive and personal spheres in first-year cadets of a naval institute. The aim of our research is to study the correlation between external criteria of military-occupation adaptation, cognitive functions and mental characteristics of cadets of the first-year of a naval institute, on the one hand, and their bioelectrical activity of the brain cortex, characteristics of the cardiovascular system, on the other hand, which can be used as predictors of military-occupational adaptation. The object were first-year cadets of the Naval institute (n = 125). We used physiological methods of investigation of mental properties of a person, motivation, emotional state, cognitive functions and intelligence, methods of electroencephalography and the analysis of heart rate variability, finger photoplethysmography. The relationship between investigated parameters were studied with the help of the correlation and multiple regression analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Strengthening of total spectral power of EEG at the rest state with closed eyes, especially of α-rhythm power, powerful vascular tone and heart rate variability correlated with high level of military-occupational adaptation. Spectral power decrease of δ-2-rhythm in left central lead, vascular tone decrease, worsening of ability to spatial figurative representations, increasing of aggression and neuroticism accompanied by the deterioration level of health of cadets and derangement of adaptable mechanisms. We have defined psychophysiological parameters which are predictors of military-occupational adaptation.

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