scholarly journals The effect of preoperative chemoradiotherapy on the latency of the genital nerve and the contractility of the anal sphincter

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Yu A Shelygin ◽  
A O Rasulov ◽  
Yu A Dzhanaev ◽  
A V Boyko ◽  
I V Droshneva
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
External Sphincter ◽  
Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Electrical Potentials ◽  
Preoperative Chemoradiation Therapy ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Right

Aim. To study the effect of chemoradiotherapy on the latency of genital nerves and contractility of the anal sphincter in patients with rectal cancer. Methods. Analyzed were 20 cases of rectal cancer T2-3NXM0 (12 males, 8 females). Complex treatment included preoperative chemoradiation therapy (total focal dose 47 Gy, fluorouracil - 2.5-3 g, cisplatin - 90 mg), surgical intervention and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for the period from 2009 to 2010. Before the initiation and after the chemoradiotherapy conducted was an evaluation of latency of the genital nerve and needle electromyography of the anal sphincter. Results. Due to the conduction of chemoradiotherapy the median latency of the right branch in males increased significantly from 2.9 to 4.3 ms, in females from 2.1 to 2.4 ms. The increase in the latency of the left branch of the genital nerve was observed in males (from 5.4 to 10.9 ms), while in women registered was a decrease of the indices (from 4.3 to 2.5 ms). A significant reduction of the potential of the external sphincter at rest (from 226.5±157.3 to 196.9±141 mV) and during conation (from 369.7±226.4 to 262.4±138.1 mV), regardless of gender. Conclusion. Conduction of preoperative chemoradiotherapy for cancer of the lower and middle ampullary part of the rectum leads to a decrease in the conduction speed along the genital nerve predominantly in male patients, and is accompanied by a decrease in electrical potentials of the external anal sphincter.

Effects of preoperative chemoradiotherapy on anal sphincter functions and quality of life in rectal cancer patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aras Emre Canda ◽  
Cem Terzi ◽  
Ilknur B. Gorken ◽  
Ilhan Oztop ◽  
Selman Sokmen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy

scholarly journals Genetic prognostic factors for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
V. A. Grigorenko ◽  
E. P. Kulikov ◽  
S. A. Mertsalov ◽  
Yu. D. Kaminsky ◽  
A. A. Nikiforov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Preoperative Chemoradiation Therapy ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Introduction. There has been a recent trend toward a gradual increase in the incidence of rectal cancer and a decrease in the average age of patients. These changes interpret the need to personalize treatment in each case.Objective – to evaluate the association of polymorphic variants of some genes with the results of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy of rectal cancer.Materials and methods. We analyzed polymorphic variants of MTHFR, XPD, XRCC1, XRCC1, P53, VEGF, EGFR, TNF, CHEK2 and MMP1 genes in 76 patients with rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradiation therapy followed by surgical treatment. Genotyping was performed by DNA isolation from venous blood leukocytes of the subjects followed by polymerase chain reaction with electrophoretic detection of the result.Results. Statistical analysis of the association of polymorphic variants of the studied genes with the treatment pathomorphosis revealed significance in relation to the MMP1-1607 gene (1G >2G) (p = 0.033). There was also an association of co-carrying polymorphic variants of TNF (G / A) + MMP1 (2G / 2G) genes with grade III–IV therapeutic pathomorphosis (p = 0.007).Conclusion. Carriage of recessive allele of MMP1 gene can be a predictor of favorable prognosis of preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer.

Successful treatment of conversion chemotherapy for initially unresectable synchronous colorectal liver metastasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Colorectal Liver Metastasis ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Liver Volume ◽  
Sigmoid Colon Cancer ◽  
Remnant Liver ◽  
Future Remnant Liver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Synchronous Colorectal Liver Metastasis ◽  
Right Hepatic Vein

A 72-year-old woman with a sigmoid colon cancer anda synchronous colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM), whichinvolved the right hepatic vein (RHV) and the inferiorvena cava (IVC), was referred to our hospital. Themetastatic lesion was diagnosed as initially unresectablebecause of its invasion into the confluence of theRHV and IVC. After she had undergone laparoscopicsigmoidectomy for the original tumor, she consequentlyhad 3 courses of modified 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin,and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) plus cetuximab. Computedtomography revealed a partial response, and theconfluence of the RHV and IVC got free from cancerinvasion. After 3 additional courses of mFOLFOX6 pluscetuximab, preoperative percutaneous transhepaticportal vein embolization (PTPE) was performed tosecure the future remnant liver volume. Finally, a righthemihepatectomy was performed. The postoperativecourse was uneventful. The patient was dischargedfrom the hospital on postoperative day 13. She hadneither local recurrence nor distant metastasis 18 moafter the last surgical intervention. This multidisciplinarystrategy, consisting of conversion chemotherapy usingFOLFOX plus cetuximab and PTPE, could contributein facilitating curative hepatic resection for initiallyunresectable CRLM.Key words: Initially unresectable; Colorectal liver metastasis;Conversion chemotherapy; Cetuximab; Percutaneoustranshepatic portal vein embolization

Comparison of the Aditus ad Antrum Diameter on CT between Patients with Chronic Otitis Media and Healthy Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 990-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Gündoğdu ◽  
Uğur Toprak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Right

Background: The middle ear cavity is ventilated through the aditus ad antrum. Aditus blockage contributes to the pathology of otitis media. Objective: To determine the normal values of the aditus ad antrum diameter on computed tomography and to investigate its relationship with chronic otitis media and related pathologies (tympanosclerosis and myringosclerosis). Methods: The temporal CT images of 162 individuals were evaluated retrospectively. In the axial sections, the inner diameter of the aditus was measured at the narrowest point at the cortex. The differences in diameter were compared between diseased and healthy ears. Results: In healthy individuals, the diameter was narrower in women. There was no difference between the right and left ears in healthy subjects. No correlation was found between age and diameter. In male patients with myringosclerosis, the diameter was slightly narrower on both sides but more marked on the left. In female patients with myringosclerosis, the diameter in both ears was slightly narrower. In cases of otitis media and tympanosclerosis, the diameter was less than that of healthy individuals, despite the lack of statistically significant result in all cases. Conclusion: The aditus ad antrum was narrower in diseased ears, indicating that a blocked aditus may contribute to the development of otitis media, as well as mucosal diseases.

Oncological Impact of Lateral Lymph Node Dissection After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Rectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 3525-3533
Author(s):  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
George J. Chang ◽  
Han-Ki Lim ◽  
Mi Kyung Song ◽  
Sung Chan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Dissection ◽  
Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Lateral Lymph Node Dissection ◽  
Node Dissection ◽  
Lateral Lymph Node
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document