Changes in the function of external respiration in children in ecologically unfavorable areas of an industrial city

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
F. F Dautov ◽  
N. V. Shatunova ◽  
V. M. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Harmful Effects

In connection with urbanization, the study of the influence of atmospheric pollution on the health of the population is an urgent task. The study of the respiratory system is of particular importance, since the respiratory organs are exposed to the harmful effects of pollutants in the first place. However, the influence of harmful substances on the bronchopulmonary system in the prenosological period has not been sufficiently studied, since the functional state of the body is more sensitive to the effects of environmental factors than the incidence rates.

Adaptive chemoreceptor plasticity and reactivity of the cardio-respiratory system in athletes under hypoxic loads

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Balioz ◽  
S.G. Krivoshshekov
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

An exploration of 110 healthy men (not involved in sports and athletes) with the use of hypoxic loads was carried out. It is established that the specifics of the regulation of gas exchange depend on the nature of training loads (aerobic or mixed), which are manifested in the parameters of chemoreflector reactivity, the pattern of external respiration, gas exchange and activity of the autonomic nervous system under hypoxic load. As sports qualifications grow, the mechanisms of intersystem integration of the functions of the cardio-respiratory system are improved, which is manifested in an increase in cardiorespiratory coherence. Key words: athletes, hypoxia, cardiorespiratory system, gas exchange of the body, chemoreceptor reactivity.

Identification of the Possible Negative Effect of the Brucite Drilling Reagent on the Employees Involved in the Wells Construction

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
K.B. Tagirova ◽  
◽  
V.B. Barakhnina ◽  
I.R. Kireev ◽  
Ya.A. Konnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Inorganic Chemical ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Macrophage Reaction

In the technological processes of oil and gas wells construction, a variety of general-purpose inorganic chemical reagents are used. The ingress of these reagents into the body of drilling enterprises employees together with the inhaled air, ingested food (through the pores and mucous membrane) is currently not sufficiently studied. The work investigated the effect of the Brucite drilling reagent on the lung tissue of rats of the non-linear albino line. With the inhalation of the Brucite drilling reagent to rats, the dystrophic processes were observed in their lungs, which were accompanied by the development of chronic inflammation and an acute macrophage reaction. There was a significant increase in the size of perivascular infiltrates compared to the control (13370 ± 248.6) μm2) with 14-day administration of particles of the Brucite drilling reagent — (14867.21 ± 369.29) μm2, with 30-day administration — 15853, 87 ± 126.57. Also, morphometric analysis showed a significant decrease in the area of alveolar space, and the area of medium-caliber bronchus. In the lungs, the formation of many airless areas was noted, alternating with emphysematous — altered, the severity of which increased with the duration of exposure to the drilling reagent. The consequence of work with Brucite drilling reagent of the drilling enterprises employees can be professional, acute, and chronic diseases of the lungs, as well as specific sensitization of the body caused by the exposure to dust particles. In the future, it is planned to conduct a statistical analysis of the incidence rates with temporary disability, occupational diseases, and occupational poisoning among the employees in contact with the Brucite drilling reagent, and the development of efficient measures to reduce the harmful effects of the Brucite drilling reagent on the certain categories of specialists at the drilling enterprises.

Analysis of in dicators of body’s gas exchange in high-altitude flight based on a static model of the respiratory system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.V. Matyushev ◽  
M.V. Dvornikov ◽  
S.P. Ryzhenkov ◽  
M.A. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Computational Experiment ◽  
Respiratory Alkalosis ◽  
Static Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Alveolar Space ◽  
Acid Base

The purpose of the research was to analyze the dynamics of indicators of human gas exchange in high-altitude flight on the basis of a static model of the respiratory system of the body. First, we developed the structure of this model and an algorithm for calculating the gas exchange of the body. Next, we analyzed changes in indicators of the function of external respiration and gas exchange, and clarified the quantitative parameters that determine the nature of the relationships between the components of gas exchange. Finally, we carried out a computational experiment to simulate ascent to a height. The results of the analysis of the calculations showed that when a person rises to a height with a drop in pressure, tidal volumes change the volume of the alveolar space decreases and the dead space increases in the ratio from 4.7 to 0.7. An uncompensated respiratory alkalosis develops, leading to a violation of the acid-base reactions of the body.

scholarly journals THE METHODOLOGY OF INTEGRAL EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS AND PATIENTS WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY PATHOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Veremchuk ◽  
E. E. Mineeva ◽  
T. I. Vitkina ◽  
T. A. Gvozdenko ◽  
V. N. Rakitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
External Action ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Introduction. The purpose of this work was to develop a methodology for assessing the impact of environmental factors on the functional state of the respiratory organs of healthy individuals and patients with bronchopulmonary pathology living in different natural, climatic and technogenic conditions of the urbanized territory. Material and methods. The study of the function of respiration was based on the results of a survey of 198 people (for the period from 2008 to 2014), living in various administrative districts of Vladivostok, the largest industrial Far Eastern city. The estimation of atmospheric pollution of the city was carried out according to monitoring data for six stationary observation stations (suspended substances, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur, carbon monoxide, ammonia, formaldehyde, etc., mg/m3) for the period from 2008 to 2014. Weighed in the air particles of the microsize series were studied by laser granulometry. Results. In the group of conditionally healthy people, the response of the respiratory system to external action was minimal, and in patients the response was more pronounced. A strong impact on both groups is mediated via the systems “atmospheric pollution by gas components” and “air pollution by suspended particles”. In unfavorable areas of the city the maximum negative influence is exerted by “climatic conditions”, where the integral respiratory response index for external action in the group of patients was 2 times higher than in the control group. Discussion. We assume that against the background of pollution of the external environment of Vladivostok, the functional state of the respiratory organs of even a healthy person can actively react to changes in climatic conditions. The greatest pathogenic effect of urban pollution on respiratory function is noted in the group of patients. On the basis of the calculation of the index of general environmental pollution, favorable and unfavorable areas of the city have been identified. The conclusion. The obtained results will allow to implement preventive measures for the population of the urbanized territor.

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF VEGADHARANA

2021 ◽  
Vol p5 (03) ◽  
pp. 2843-2851
Author(s):  
Zahra M.S.F ◽  
Kulathunga R.D.H. ◽  
Chathurika L.A.W.J.
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Harmful Substances

The human body is an awesome complex system, having numerous ways to balance and to eliminate the harmful substances out of the body. In Ayurveda viewpoint for this purpose, the body is furnished with natural urges known as Vegas. Suppression of these natural urges are known as Vegadharana. This study was focused to analyze and identify the effects and common clinical features of Vegadharana on human body. Secondary data was collected, and results revealed that suppression of Adharaneeya Vegas affect Cardiovascular System, Gastrointestinal Tract, Respiratory System, Urinary System and Reproductive System in the body. In addition, common clinical features produced by Vegadharana were weakness of the body, constipation, anorexia, headache, diseases of eye, difficulty in micturition, bending of the body and stiffness of the neck. These clinical features and diseases arise due to vitia- tion of Vata dosha through Vegadharana. Hence, Ayurveda strongly recommends that not to suppress the urges in any condition. Keywords: Vegadharana, suppression of natural urge, Vata Dosa, Ayurveda

Questions on the role of biofilms for the adaptation of microorganisms to unfavorable environmental factors by the example of P. aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-383
Author(s):  
Vasily N. Afonyushkin ◽  
N. A. Donchenko ◽  
Ju. N. Kozlova ◽  
N. A. Davidova ◽  
V. Yu. Koptev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
The Face

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widely represented species of bacteria possessing of a pathogenic potential. This infectious agent is causing wound infections, fibrotic cystitis, fibrosing pneumonia, bacterial sepsis, etc. The microorganism is highly resistant to antiseptics, disinfectants, immune system responses of the body. The responses of a quorum sense of this kind of bacteria ensure the inclusion of many pathogenicity factors. The analysis of the scientific literature made it possible to formulate four questions concerning the role of biofilms for the adaptation of P. aeruginosa to adverse environmental factors: Is another person appears to be predominantly of a source an etiological agent or the source of P. aeruginosa infection in the environment? Does the formation of biofilms influence on the antibiotic resistance? How the antagonistic activity of microorganisms is realized in biofilm form? What is the main function of biofilms in the functioning of bacteria? A hypothesis has been put forward the effect of biofilms on the increase of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and, in particular, P. aeruginosa to be secondary in charcter. It is more likely a biofilmboth to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and provide topical competition in the face of food scarcity. In connection with the incompatibility of the molecular radii of most antibiotics and pores in biofilm, biofilm is doubtful to be capable of performing a barrier function for protecting against antibiotics. However, with respect to antibodies and immunocompetent cells, the barrier function is beyond doubt. The biofilm is more likely to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and providing topical competition in conditions of scarcity of food resources.

Polymorphism of p-450 cytochrome detoxication genes in adolescents depending on the degree of contamination of the organism by heavy metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-482
Author(s):  
N. P. Setko ◽  
A. G. Setko ◽  
Ekaterina V. Bulycheva ◽  
A. V. Tyurin ◽  
E. Yu. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Cyp2b6 Gene ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Gene Cyp1a1 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Changes in the body of children and adolescents aimed at adapting to environmental factors are determined by genetic polymorphism in xenobiotic biotransformation genes, determining the degree of susceptibility of the child’s body to pollutants, which is the basis of modern personalized preventive medicine when managing risks to the health of the child population under the influence of environmental factors. Material and methods. Trace elements, including heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were determined in the hair of 256 practically healthy teenagers by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Depending on the level of content of the latter, two groups of adolescents were formed to determine six genes of the cytochrome P-450 family. Group 1 consisted of adolescents whose cadmium lead content exceeded the average Russian indices. The second group included adolescents whose heavy metals were above the level of average Russian standards. Results. Studies have shown that in adolescents of the 1st group, compared with the data of adolescents of the 2nd group, an increase in the number of carriers of two mutant alleles at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) is 3.08 times, rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1) is 1. 8 times; locus rs 2069522 (CYP1A2 gene) 3.63 times; locus rs 1799853 (CYP2C9 * 2 gene) 4.5 times; locus rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) 3.8 times and locus rs 2279343 (gene CYP2B6) 4.25 times. Moreover, carriers of two normal alleles in adolescents of the first group at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) were 5.14 times; locus rs 2279343 (CYP2B6 gene) was 6.5 fold less than among adolescents of the 2nd group; and at the locus rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (gene CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (gene CYP2C9 * 2), rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) there were no carriers of normal homozygotes. Conclusion. Group 1 adolescents with heavy metal contamination of the body are carriers significantly in a greater number of pathological mutations in the genes of the cytochrome P-450 detoxification system in comparison with data from group 2 adolescents.

Role of Rasayana in Prevention of COVID-19 - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 716-722
Author(s):  
Sneha Dhakite ◽  
Sadhana Misar Wajpeyi
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
And Control

The “Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)” is caused by “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)”, a newly discovered member of the Coronaviridae family of viruses which is a highly communicable. There is no effective medical treatment till date for Coronavirus disease hence prevention is the best way to keep disease away. Rasayana proved to be highly efficacious and cost effective for the Prevention and Control of viral infections when vaccines and standard therapies are lacking. Rasayana Chikitsa is one of the eight branches of Ashtanga Ayurveda which helps to maintain healthy life style. Rasayana improves immunity and performs many vital functions of human body. Vyadhikshamatva that is immune mechanism of the body is involved in Prevention of the occurrence of a new disease and it also decreases the virulence and progression of an existing disease. In COVID-19 the Respiratory system mainly get affected which is evident from its symptoms like cold, cough and breathlessness. Here the drugs help in enhancing immune system and strengthening functions of Respiratory system can be useful. For this purpose, the Rasayana like Chyavanprasha, Agastya Haritaki, Pippali Rasayana, Guduchi, Yashtimadhu, Haridra, Ashwagandha, Tulsi are used. Rasayana working on Respiratory system are best for Prevention of Coronavirus and boosting immune system. Rasayana Chikitsa can be effective in the Prevention as well as reducing symptoms of COVID-19.

INCIDENCE OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM CANCER IN THE TOMSK REGION (2005-2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-738
Author(s):  
Yevgeniy Choynzonov ◽  
Lyubov Pisareva ◽  
Liliya Zhuykova ◽  
Olga Ananina ◽  
Irina Odintsova
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Cancer Research Institute ◽  
Cancer Register ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Tomsk Region

Respiratory system cancer (cancer of the nasal cavity, middle ear, paranasal sinuses (C30-31), larynx (C32), trachea, bronchi and lung (C33-34) is one of the most common malignancies in the Tomsk region, comprising 12.9% of all cancer cases. The purpose of the study was to analyze the respiratory system cancer incidence among the population of the Tomsk region. Materials and methods. The study was based on cancer register data collected at the Cancer Research Institute and Tomsk Regional Cancer Center, and covered the period 2005-2016. Results. Respiratory system cancer is the most common cancer in men, comprising 21.7% and the 6-th most common cancer in women, comprising 5.1. The incidence of respiratory system cancer decreased in men and showed an increasing tendency in women. The age-standardized incidence rates in the Tomsk region were expected to be 58.3 per 100,000 males and 12.8 per 100,000 females by 2020. Conclusion. Early detection and prediction of respiratory system cancer should play a vital role in the diagnosis process and also increase the survival rate of patient.

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