Latest data on the role of the anterior pituitary gland in metabolism

1935 ◽  
Vol 31 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1325-1337
Author(s):  
E. R. Mogilevsky
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Metabolic Hormones

If we consider the commanding position which the pituitary gland according to modern views occupies in the system of endocrine glands, and compare this with the role which many endocrine glands play in metabolism, then numerous attempts to isolate from the pituitary gland special hormones regulating metabolism will be completely understandable and natural. The search for special metabolic hormones in the pituitary gland is all the more justified because a number of clinical facts have directly suggested the involvement of the pituitary gland in metabolism.

Posttraumatic Anterior Hypopituitarism—Revisited: The Role of TRH Provocative Release of Prolactin in the Confirmation of Anterior Pituitary Damage

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-950
Author(s):  
David R. Brown ◽  
J. Michael McMillin
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Pituitary Insufficiency ◽  
Closed Head Trauma ◽  
One Year ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

We have previously reported a case of anterior pituitary insufficiency in a 14-year-old girl following closed head trauma.1 Endocrine evaluation one year after her accident revealed hypopituitarism manifested by cachexia, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, and hypoadrenocorticism. Laboratory studies demonstrated deficiencies of adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), growth hormone, and gonadotropic hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone). We postulated that her hypopituitarism was due to anterior pituitary gland destruction rather than stalk section or hypothalamic damage. We have recently measured her serum prolactin concentrations following provocative stimulation with thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and these results strengthen the evidence for direct anterior pituitary gland destruction and provide a more complete delineation of her endocrinologic function.

Philipp u. Huber, The hormonal role of decidua. On the origin of the pregnancy hormone (Zbl. Gyn 1986, 46, 2706-2710)

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 650-650
Author(s):  
B. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Tubal Pregnancy ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland

To resolve the issue of the origin of the so-called hormone of the anterior pituitary gland, excreted in the urine during pregnancy and causing a positive reaction to the latter, aa. examined the decidua placenta and urine during abortion, intrauterine and tubal pregnancy.

THE ROLE OF SEX STEROID HORMONES IN MODULATING THE RESPONSIVENESS OF THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND TO LUTEINIZING HORMONE RELEASING FACTOR IN THE FEMALE RAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. AIYER ◽  
G. FINK
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sequential Administration ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate

SUMMARY The role of ovarian hormones in the development of increased sensitivity of the anterior pituitary gland to synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LH-RF) which occurs before and during the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the rat has been examined. The response of the pituitary gland was determined, with respect to the secretion of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), after the intravenous injection of 50 ng LH-RF/100 g body weight. The LH-RF was injected 30–60 min after the administration of sodium pentobarbitone at either 13.30 h or 18.80 h of pro-oestrus. Blood samples were collected immediately before and at frequent intervals after the injection of LH-RF, and the concentration of LH and FSH in these samples was measured by radioimmunoassay. Ovariectomy at 10.00–11.00 h of dioestrus reduced the LH response to LH-RF injected at 14.00 h of pro-oestrus, while oestradiol benzoate administered immediately after ovariectomy restored and even augmented this response. These data together with the finding that administration of the antioestrogen, ICI 46 474, at 17.00 h of dioestrus reduced the LH response to LH-RF injected on the afternoon of pro-oestrus indicates that the initial phase of increased pituitary sensitivity to LH-RF is dependent upon the marked rise in the concentration of oestradiol-17β in plasma which precedes the preovulatory surge of LH. The abrupt, marked increase in pituitary sensitivity to LH-RF, which, in the normal cycle, occurs between 14.00 and 18.30 h of pro-oestrus, failed to develop in rats ovariectomized on the morning of dioestrus whether or not oestradiol benzoate was administered after the operation. However, the LH response to LH-RF injected on the evening of pro-oestrus increased significantly when progesterone was administered at 13.00 h of pro-oestrus in rats ovariectomized and treated with oestradiol benzoate at 10.00–11.00 h of dioestrus. This suggests that the development of the second phase of increased pituitary sensitivity to LH-RF depends, at least partially, on progesterone acting on an oestrogen-primed pituitary gland. The concentrations of FSH in blood samples taken before injection of LH-RF at either 14.00 or 18.30 h of pro-oestrus were significantly greater in ovariectomized compared with those in sham-operated rats. In contrast the FSH responses, in terms of the mean maximal increments, were not significantly different in the various groups irrespective of the nature or time of operation or the time of injection of LH-RF. The FSH response to LH-RF was not appreciably altered by treatment with either oestradiol benzoate or progesterone immediately after ovariectomy although it was increased significantly by the sequential administration of oestrogen and progesterone. The significance of the findings that under certain conditions there were considerable differences between the LH and FSH responses to synthetic LH-RF is discussed with respect to the hypothesis that there is a common releasing factor for both gonadotrophins.

Role of nitric oxide in the metabolism of arachidonic acid in the rat anterior pituitary gland

2001 ◽  
Vol 172 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel O Velardez ◽  
Diego Ogando ◽  
Ana M Franchi ◽  
Beatriz H Duvilanski
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland

scholarly journals Role of Estrogen Receptor-α in the Anterior Pituitary Gland

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 674-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Scully ◽  
Anatoli S. Gleiberman ◽  
Jonathan Lindzey ◽  
Dennis B. Lubahn ◽  
Kenneth S. Korach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland
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