To casuistry of echinococcus of the brain

1904 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
R D Zelensky
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

On the dissection of the brain of a patient who died with an unclear diagnosis, it was found that from the lower horn of the right lateral ventricle, stretching it and adjoining the ependymus with its shell, a tumor emanates, which, with projection on the surface, occupies the area of the anterior central crown of the gyrus, the entire part of the temporal.

scholarly journals Radiological imaging of choroid plexus tumors: Systematic approach toward diagnosing a choroid plexus tumor

2021 ◽  
pp. 373-376
Author(s):  
Batra Chakshu ◽  
Kapur Neeru
Keyword(s):  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Choroid Plexus Papilloma ◽  
Mass Lesion ◽  
Choroid Plexus Tumors ◽  
Common Location ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Occipital Horn

Choroid plexus tumors (CPTs) are rare intraventricular tumors comprising approximately 1% of all brain tumors. The common locations are the lateral ventricle (most common location in children), the third and fourth ventricles (most common location in adults), and cerebellopontine angle. Here, we present the case of a 10-month-old child with complaints of fever (99.6F), abnormal eye movements, and bilateral papilledema. Ultrasound cranium of the child revealed a well-defined hyperechoic lesion adjacent to the trigone and occipital horn of the right lateral ventricle. No vascularity could be appreciated on color Doppler. Non-contrast computed tomography of the brain showed a well-defined lobulated mass lesion epicentered at the choroid plexus of the right lateral ventricle which was hyperdense relative to the brain parenchyma with specks of calcification. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed a solid intensely enhancing lobulated mass lesion with frond-like morphology originating from the choroid plexus of the occipital horn of the right lateral ventricle. Surgical excision of the CPT was done under aseptic conditions. We try to reinforce the ultrasound (USG), CT, and MRI findings of a CPT which ultimately came out to be a choroid plexus papilloma (CPP) on histopathological examination.

scholarly journals MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VENTRICULAR BRAIN SYSTEMS IN THE ELDERLY AGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
O. Slobodian ◽  
V. Kryvetskyi ◽  
T. Khmara
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Ventricular System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Anterior Posterior

The introduction into medical practice of new methods of neuroimaging - computed and magnetic resonance imaging, has changed the principles of diagnosing morphological changes in the brain and opened up new horizons in the study of its structure. The literature sources provide conflicting and fragmentary data on the anatomical features and morphometric parameters of the parts of the brain, and especially its ventricular system, at different age periods of a person's life. The human brain is characterized by significant age-sex anatomical variability. It differs in men and women in different races, ethnic groups. Signs of difference persist from generation to generation and can be an important characteristic of the variability of the human brain as a species. However, the sex and age features of the structure of the cerebral ventricles, taking into account their individual anatomical variability, have not been sufficiently studied. During morphometric study of magnetic resonance tomograms a comprehensive in vivo characteristic of the cerebral ventricular system in elderly persons is presented. Gender peculiarities and inter-hemispheric asymmetry of relevant indicators are studied. The examinations were conducted in standard anatomical planes (sagittal, frontal and axial) in people with no visual signs of organic lesions of the brain and skull. 38 tomograms of elderly patients were analyzed 38 (14 men and 24 women). 13 indicators of the liquor system of the brain were studied and a significant increase of the following parameters were found in males: the length of the anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle, the length and width of the central part of the lateral ventricle both on the right and left, the length of the lower horn of the lateral ventricle on the left and right, and anterior-posterior size of the lateral ventricle on the right and left. Some of the parameters studied possessed reliable inter-hemispheric asymmetry, namely, in men on the left: the body width of the lateral ventricle, the length and width of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle, anterior-posterior size of the lateral ventricle; in women – the length of the lower horn of the lateral ventricle on the right.

scholarly journals Rigid endoscopic surgery of brainstem cavernous malformation on the cerebral aqueduct. Case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Orest I. Palamar ◽  
Andriy P. Huk ◽  
Dmytro S. Teslenko ◽  
Dmytro I. Okonskyi ◽  
Ruslan V. Aksyonov
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Cavernous Angioma ◽  
Anterior Horn ◽  
Cerebral Aqueduct ◽  
Cavernous Angiomas ◽  
Lateral Ventricles ◽  
Transforaminal Approach ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Cavernous angiomas (malformations) of the brain occur in 0.5% of the population. Most of them are asymptomatic, but due to their anatomical features, namely escape of blood into surrounding tissues, significant neurological symptoms can occur. The deep location of cavernous angiomas in the area of cerebral aqueduct makes surgical intervention difficult. Microsurgical approaches are the gold standard in removal of cavernous angiomas, but they are associated with certain surgical risks in the formation of the surgical corridor. Cavernous malformations in the cerebral aqueduct are a rare subtype. Due to anatomical localization and concomitant obstructive hydrocephalus ІІІ and lateral ventricles, they can be removed by endoscopic frontal transcortical transventricular approach. A 59-year-old patient was diagnosed with cavernous angioma of the brainstem (in the area of cerebral aqueduct) with hemorrhage and the formation of obstructive hydrocephalus ІІІ and lateral ventricles. The operation was performed: removal of the cavernous angioma in the area of cerebral aqueduct by endoscopic frontal transcortical transventricular approach on the right. Additionally, a triventriculocisternostomy was performed. Osteoplastic trepanation with centering at the Kocher’s point in size of 4 × 4 cm and the formation of a free bone flap was performed. The dura mater is cut in an H-shape. Approach to the anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle was performed. An intracerebral retractor was inserted into the anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle. Transforaminal approach to the tuber cinereum was performed - a triventriculocisternostomy was performed. Transforaminal approach to the cerebral aqueduct was performed and the cavernous angioma of the brainstem was removed. In the postoperative period, the patient had a slight deterioration in short-term memory, which regressed 2 weeks after surgery, an increase in oculomotor disorders, in particular persistent diplopia due to moderate paresis of the left oculomotor nerve. Three months after the operation, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with intravenous contrast enhancement was performed. There are no signs of cavernous angioma. After the operation of frontal transcortical transventricular removal of cavernous angioma in the area of cerebral aqueduct, the compression of the latter was eliminated. Occlusive hydrocephalus regressed, the size of the ventricles decreased. Endoscopic frontal transcortical transventricular approach allows reaching the area of cerebral aqueduct in a less traumatic and minimally invasive manner. This technique is effective due to the low risk of surgical approach complications.

scholarly journals Choroid plexus carcinoma in a cow

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 2229-2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano José Ferreira de Sant'Ana ◽  
Adriane Loy Gabriel ◽  
Glaucia Denise Kommers ◽  
Claudio Severo Lombardo de Barros
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Choroid Plexus Carcinoma ◽  
Anatomical Localization ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Pituitary Metastasis

A red, firm 3.5x3.0x3.0cm mass was found within the right lateral ventricle, compressing the hippocampus and thalamus of the brain of a 4-year-old cow. The pituitary was enlarged and firm. Histologically, both the brain and pituitary masses consisted of moderately pleomorphic epithelial cells arranged as rosettes or sheets supported by a delicate fibrovascular stroma. Based on anatomical localization, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, a diagnosis of choroid plexus carcinoma with pituitary metastasis was made.

scholarly journals Morphological parallels of communications between the circumventricular system in adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
T. S. Komshuk
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Ventricular System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anterior Horn ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Iii Ventricle ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

This article presents, based on the example of morphometric study of magnetic resonance tomograms of persons of various ages, the complex of vital characteristics of the cerebrospinal system of the brain in adolescents. The study tested gender characteristics and inter hemispheric asymmetry of the analyzed indexes. An asymmetry of anatomical structures of the right and left hemispheres with the tendency to increase in their sizes in the right hemisphere was found both for males and for females. Females had some age differences in the longitudinal dimension of the III ventricle (this index was lower in older females), the width and index of the IV ventricle was significantly lower in the 18 and 20 year old girls. Objective and methods. The research was conducted on the base of the radiation diagnosis department of Rivne Regional Clinical Hospital on the CT scan General Electric Healthcare Signa MRI 1.5 T and in the office of magnetic resonance imaging of Lutsk City Clinical Hospital on the CT scan Signa Profile Ce Medical System – 1,5 Tl in standard anatomic planes (sagittal, frontal andaxial). Measurements were carried out in persons without visual signs of organic lesions of the brain and skull. Analysis was made of 11 tomograms (males 17–21 years old – 6 persons, females 16–20 years old – 5 persons). In comparing pairs of parameters (of lateral ventricles) the factor of asymmetry was calculated, which is equal to the difference between the right and left lateral ventricles divided by the sum of right and left ventricles indexes (%). The results were processed by methods of descriptional statistics. In young males of this age group a significant increase in the following indicators was identified: the length of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle on the right side, the length of the body of the lateral ventricle on both sides and the height of the III ventricle. Females had significantly increases in the following parameters: the width of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle on the right side and the width of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle on the left side. Consequently, in male adoles cents a parallelism in the formation of various structures of the ventricular system was traced. Since this is a single system, morphological and functional connections between its different components are stored. Mathematical analysis of the values of the structures of ventricular system in females characterize a hormonal influence on its development in adolescents. We can assume that organs which are the part of the circumventricular system (subcommisural organ, subfornical organ, median rise etc.), definitely have the character of anatomical connections between these components. Their functional unity in maintaining the homeostasis of the body is undeniable.

scholarly journals Intraocular silicone oil brain migration associated with severe subacute headaches: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago José Muniz Machado Mazzeo ◽  
Gabriel Almeida Veiga Jacob ◽  
Paulo Henrique Horizonte ◽  
Henrique Monteiro Leber ◽  
André Marcelo Vieira Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Vitreoretinal Surgery ◽  
Silicon Oil ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Purpose The aim of this article is to report a rare case in which a patient presented symptomatic silicon oil brain migration, documented by MRI, several years after vitreoretinal surgery. Methods This is a case report with a prospective literature review. Patients The patient described in the case report. Results Case report. Discussion/conclusions For several years, silicone oil (SiO) has been widely used as a long-term intravitreal tamponading agent to treat complex retinal detachments. There are rare reports in the literature demonstrating the migration of SiO into the brain. The aim of this article is to report a rare case in which the patient presented severe headaches several years after vitreoretinal surgery, with migrated SiO appearing in MRI as an oval lesion within the horn of the right lateral ventricle. To the best of our knowledge, there are very few reports of symptomatic SiO brain migration in the literature.

The brain structure and neurosecretory cells of noctuid moth Anadevidia peponis: Noctuidae

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Ogawa ◽  
M. Sasaki ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Clock ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Noctuid Moth ◽  
The Right ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
The Brain

A virgin female of the noctuid moth, a kind of noctuidae that eats cucumis, etc. performs calling at a fixed time of each day, depending on the length of a day. The photoreceptors that induce this calling are located around the neurosecretory cells (NSC) in the central portion of the protocerebrum. Besides, it is considered that the female’s biological clock is located also in the cerebral lobe. In order to elucidate the calling and the function of the biological clock, it is necessary to clarify the basic structure of the brain. The observation results of 12 or 30 day-old noctuid moths showed that their brains are basically composed of an outer and an inner portion-neural lamella (about 2.5 μm) of collagen fibril and perineurium cells. Furthermore, nerve cells surround the cerebral lobes, in which NSCs, mushroom bodies, and central nerve cells, etc. are observed. The NSCs are large-sized (20 to 30 μm dia.) cells, which are located in the pons intercerebralis of the head section and at the rear of the mushroom body (two each on the right and left). Furthermore, the cells were classified into two types: one having many free ribosoms 15 to 20 nm in dia. and the other having granules 150 to 350 nm in dia. (Fig. 1).

Vasopressin enhances the clearance of β-endorphin immunoreactivity from rat cerebrospinal fluid

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. J. Sweep ◽  
Margreet D. Boomkamp ◽  
István Barna ◽  
A. Willeke Logtenberg ◽  
Victor M. Wiegant
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Injection ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Administration ◽  
Biphasic Pattern ◽  
The Brain

Abstract The effect of intracerebroventricular (lateral ventricle) administration of arginine8-vasopressin (AVP) on the concentration of β-endorphin immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid obtained from the cisterna magna was studied in rats. A decrease was observed 5 min following injection of 0.9 fmol AVP. No statistically significant changes were found 5 min after intracerebroventricular treatment of rats with 0.09 or 9 fmol. The decrease induced by 0.9 fmol AVP was of short duration and was found 5 min after treatment but not 10 and 20 min. Desglycinamide9-AVP (0.97 fmol), [pGlu4, Cyt6]-AVP-(4–9) (1.44 fmol), Nα-acetyl-AVP (0.88 fmol), lysine8-vasopressin (0.94 fmol) and oxytocin (1 fmol) when intracerebroventricularly injected did not affect the levels of β-endorphin immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid 5 min later. This suggests that the intact AVP-(1–9) molecule is required for this effect. Intracerebroventricular pretreatment of rats with the vasopressin V1-receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP (8.63 fmol) completely blocked the effect of AVP (0.9 fmol). In order to investigate further the underlying mechanism, the effect of AVP on the disappearance from the cerebrospinal fluid of exogenously applied β-endorphin was determined. Following intracerebroventricular injection of 1.46 pmol camel β-endorphin-(1–31), the β-endorphin immunoreactivity levels in the cisternal cerebrospinal fluid increased rapidly, and reached peak values at 10 min. The disappearance of β-endorphin immunoreactivity from the cerebrospinal fluid then followed a biphasic pattern with calculated half-lifes of 28 and 131 min for the initial and the terminal phase, respectively. Treatment of rats with AVP (0.9 fmol; icv) during either phase (10, 30, 55 min following intracerebroventricular administration of 1.46 pmol β-endorphin-(1–31)) significantly enhanced the disappearance of β-endorphin immunoreactivity from the cerebrospinal fluid. The data suggest that vasopressin plays a role in the regulation of β-endorphin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid by modulating clearance mechanisms via V1-receptors in the brain.

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