scholarly journals Detection of Coxiella burnetii in ticks collected from cattle in several provinces of the Republic of Guinea

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 234-239
Author(s):  
Yulia A. Panferova ◽  
Olga A. Freylikhman ◽  
Nikolay K. Tokarevich ◽  
Ekaterina V. Naydenova ◽  
Kirill S. Zakharov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Republic Of Guinea ◽  
Plasmid Analysis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All

Background. Q fever, or coxiellosis, is a natural focal disease characterized by polymorphism of clinical signs and can affect not only humans but also many species of animals. This infection is spread almost all over the world. On the African continent, the foci of coxiellosis infection endanger the local population and people arriving for temporary stay. Given that sick agricultural animals and their ectoparasites are markers of the presence of infection in the region, a study of the latter may be relevant to identify the potential foci of Q fever. This work aimed to identify Coxiella burnetii DNA from ixodic ticks collected from cattle in several provinces of Republic of Guinea and to type isolates using genetic markers (plasmid type) to enable their comparison with strains of different geographical origin. Methods. Using amplification technologies, we investigated the ticks obtained from cattle in the provinces of Boke and Kindia to detect Coxiella DNA. Results. The genetic material of the Q fever causative agent was detected in no more than 5% of the total number of samples studied. For positive samples, typing was performed using plasmid analysis. The isolates with the plasmid type QpH1 circulate in the Republic of Guinea. Conclusion. The findings were analyzed along with data from other researchers on the spread of Q fever in subequatorial Africa. The differences in the levels of prevalence of Coxiella in ticks in the territories of not only different countries but also within the same state can be determined by the prevalence among the hosts within herds. The risk of contamination with Q fever in endemic regions should be considered.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ASSAY CARRIED OUT AS A PART OF CLINICAL STUDIES IN THE “REPUBLICAN CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES HOSPITAL” OF ULAN-UDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
E. V. Silchenko ◽  
L. M. Oshorova ◽  
I. Ts. Balzhinimaeva ◽  
E. I. Bondarenko ◽  
N. A. Dasheeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

The article is devoted to the study of vector-borne pathogens circulating in the Republic of Buryatia. The authors have carried out  identification of the genetic material of tick-borne encephalitis virus,  Borrellia burgdorferi, Borrellia miуamotoi, Coxiella burnetii and  Rickettsia sibirica in various samples of biological material. The  object of the study were whole blood, leukocyte fraction and blood  serum of patients admitted to the hospital in a state of fever that  occurred after sucking of the tick, as well as mites brought by the  population. A detailed analysis of the data showed that 11.7 % (9  out of 70) of the clinical material samples and 17.8 % (50 out of  281) of the tick samples had genetic markers of tick-borne  pathogens. In the material from the patients, the RNA of tick-borne  encephalitis virus was most often determined, and in the DNA of  Borrellia burgdorferi mites. In addition, the authors first confirmed  the etiologic role of Borrellia miуamotoi in the development of cases  of Lyme disease in the Republic. An unexpected finding was the  detection of Coxiella burnetii DNA in ticks and in clinical material. In  the Republic of Buryatia Q-fever was detected by laboratory  diagnostics for the first time. This fact confirms the circulation of this pathogen in the region. In this regard, the authors conducted a  retrospective analysis of the medical histories of patients who were found to have genetic markers of Q-fever.

scholarly journals Study of the prevalence of antibodies to some arboviruses in the population of the Republic of Guinea

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-353
Author(s):  
E. V. Naidenova ◽  
M. Yu. Kartashov ◽  
K. S. Zakharov ◽  
A. P. Shevtsova ◽  
M. G. Diallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
African Region ◽  
Republic Of Guinea ◽  
Disease Patterns ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Total Structure ◽  
Batai Virus

Introduction. Acute febrile diseases kill more than 250,000 people annually in West Africa. Malaria and typhoid fever traditionally occupy most of the total structure of registered fevers. However, these data do not fully reflect the true overall disease patterns in the West African region. This is due to the fact that diagnosis is mainly based on the clinical signs of the infectious process, suggesting that a certain number of diseases may be caused by arboviruses. The detection of specific antibodies (ABs) to infectious pathogens in the blood sera of residents of a particular area is a reliable indicator of the circulation of these pathogens in a particular territory.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies to a number of arboviruses: Dengue (DENV), West Nile (WNV) (family Flaviviridae), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (orthonairo)virus (CCHFV), Batai (Batai virus), Bhanja (BHAV) (order Bunyavirales), Chikungunya (CHIKV), and Sindbis (SINV) (family Togaviridae) in the population of the Republic of Guinea.Material and methods. In total, a panel of 2,620 blood serum samples from people living in all landscape and geographical areas of Guinea was collected for the study. Detection of IgG antibodies was performed using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).Results. In total, ABs to Batai virus were detected in 144 samples (5.5%), BHAV in 58 (2.2%), WNV in 892 (34.0 %), DENV in 659 (25.2 %), CCHFV in 58 (2.2 %), CHIKV in 339 (12.9 %), and SINV in 52 samples (2.0 %).Discussion. The obtained results indicate serological evidence of the spectrum of arboviruses in the population of all landscape and geographical zones of the Republic of Guinea, confirming their active circulation in this territory.Conclusion. Given the high epidemiological significance of arbovirus infectious diseases, it is an urgent task to continue studying its share in the structure of febrile diseases in the territory of the Republic of Guinea.

scholarly journals THE MOST COMMON BACTERIAL ZOONOSES IN HUMANS IN THE VOJVODINA REGION (SERBIA) IN THE PERIOD 2005–2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Ivana Hrnjaković Cvjetković ◽  
Vesna Milošević ◽  
Vera Jerant Patić ◽  
Sandra Stefan Mikić ◽  
Dejan Cvjetković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Third Place ◽  
The Third ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Statistical Yearbook

The objective of this paper is to emphasize the signifi cance of bacterial zoonoses in Vojvodina in the period 2005-2009. Th e study is based on data from the Health Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Serbia published by the Institute of Public Health of Serbia “Dr Milan Jovanović Batut”. Bacterial zoonoses were represented with 1.16% (5610/482596) among the total number of registered bacterial zoonoses in Vojvodina 2005-2009. Among them the most frequent were salmonellosis with 62.83% (3525/5610). The incidence in Vojvodina in the period 2005-2009 ranged between 46.45-22.78 per 100,000 population. According to frequence Lyme disease was at second place with 19.20% (1077/5610) among the total number of registered bacterial zoonoses. Lyme disease in Vojvodina in the period 2005-2009 had an increasing trend: the number of reported cases increased from 164 in 2005 to 294 in 2009. According to the number of registered cases campylobacteriosis was at the third place - 794 cases (14.15%). Q fever was at the fourth place. Almost all cases of Q fever which were registered in Serbia, were from Vojvodina (92 of 93 cases). Other zoonoses in Vojvodina were represented with less than 2% of the total number of registered bacterial zoonoses: leptospirosis 1.10% (62/5610), brucellosis 0.48% (27/5610), tetanus 0.27% (15/5610), listeriosis 0.23% (13/5610), ornithosis 0.07% (4/5610), tularemia 0.02% (1/4816). The causative agents of bacterial zoonoses were important human pathogens in Vojvodina in the period 2005-2009. Among them the most common were Salmonella and Lyme disease.

Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) antibodies in bovine serum and bulk-milk samples

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (9) ◽  
pp. 1413-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. RYAN ◽  
M. KIRBY ◽  
D. M. COLLINS ◽  
R. SAYERS ◽  
J. F. MEE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Milk Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
The Republic

SUMMARYQ fever (Coxiella burnetii) is a zoonotic disease of increasing public health importance. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of, and risk factors associated with, exposure to C. burnetii in cattle in the Republic of Ireland. Bulk-tank milk samples from 290 dairy herds and 1659 sera from 332 dairy and beef herds, randomly sampled, were tested by indirect ELISA to detect antibodies to C. burnetii. In total, 37·9% of bulk-milk sample herds and 1·8% of sera (from 6·9% of herds) were antibody positive. Of risk factors tested using logistic regression analysis, only large herd size (bulk-milk analysis) and dairy breed (serum analysis) significantly increased the odds of being positive for antibodies to C. burnetii. Herds with positive milk or serum samples were randomly distributed throughout the Republic of Ireland and no clustering was observed. The use of an ELISA to test bulk-milk samples collected by randomized stratified sampling is a cost-effective method by which national herd prevalence can be estimated by active surveillance.

Gypsy Population of Tatarstan: Attitude to Education and Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Tatyana Alekseevna Titova ◽  
Elena Valeryevna Frolova ◽  
Elena Gennadievna Gushchina ◽  
Anastasia Victorovna Fakhrutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Complex Study ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The Republic

Abstract The studied problem significanceis caused by theneed of complex study of the groups which are in an nonnative environment environment. The purpose of the article is study of the of the Gipsy population that live in Zelenodolsk district of the Republic of Tatarstan to the systems and education healthcare. The leading approach to a research of this problem is a polyparadigmal methodology. The educational process is understood as an instrument of socialization of Roma children and health problems of representatives of their population. Special attention is paid to the circumstance that the questions of education of children is far from being priority one for the Gipsy population of the explored area. The understanding of health protection haw essential differences in comparison with local population. The conclusion is drawn that integration of Roma into local community depends on support of initiatives of locals and administration by most of representatives of a camp. Materials of the article can be useful to ethnologists, social and cultural anthropologists, political scientists and also representatives of the bodies/ committees and institutions supervising questions of interethnic and inter-religious interaction.

scholarly journals Ability of a bacterial chromosome segment to invert is dictated by included material rather than flanking sequence.

Genetics ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Mahan ◽  
J R Roth
Keyword(s):  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Parent Strain ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Chromosomal Inversion ◽  
Chromosome Segment ◽  
Bacterial Chromosome ◽  
Flanking Sequence ◽  
Flanking Sequences ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Homologous recombination between sequences present in inverse order within the same chromosome can result in inversion formation. We have previously shown that inverse order sequences at some sites (permissive) recombine to generate the expected inversion; no inversions are found when the same inverse order sequences flank other (nonpermissive) regions of the chromosome. In hopes of defining how permissive and nonpermissive intervals are determined, we have constructed a strain that carries a large chromosomal inversion. Using this inversion mutant as the parent strain, we have determined the "permissivity" of a series of chromosomal sites for secondary inversions. For the set of intervals tested, permissivity seems to be dictated by the nature of the genetic material present within the chromosomal interval being tested rather than the flanking sequences or orientation of this material in the chromosome. Almost all permissive intervals include the origin or terminus of replication. We suggest that the rules for recovery of inversions reflect mechanistic restrictions on the occurrence of inversions rather than lethal consequences of the completed rearrangement.

scholarly journals Validation of a Novel Commercial ELISA Test for the Detection of Antibodies against Coxiella burnetii

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1075
Author(s):  
Salvatore Ledda ◽  
Cinzia Santucciu ◽  
Valentina Chisu ◽  
Giovanna Masala
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

Q fever is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, a Gram-negative pathogen with a complex life cycle and a high impact on public and animal health all over the world. The symptoms are indistinguishable from those belonging to other diseases, and the disease could be symptomless. For these reasons, reliable laboratory tests are essential for an accurate diagnosis. The aim of this study was to validate a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, named the Chorus Q Fever Phase II IgG and IgM Kit (DIESSE, Diagnostica Senese S.p.A), which is performed by an instrument named Chorus, a new device in medical diagnostics. This diagnostic test is employed for the detection of antibodies against C. burnetii Phase II antigens in acute disease. Our validation protocol was performed according to the Italian Accreditation Body (ACCREDIA) (Regulation UNI CEI EN ISO/IEC 17025:2018 and 17043:2010), OIE (World Organization for Animal Health), and Statement for Reporting Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD). Operator performance was evaluated along with the analytical specificity and sensitivity (ASp and ASe) and diagnostic accuracy of the kit, with parameters such as diagnostic specificity and sensitivity (DSp and DSe) and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV), in addition to the repeatability. According to the evaluated parameters, the diagnostic ELISA test was shown to be suitable for validation and commercialization as a screening method in human sera and a valid support for clinical diagnostics.

scholarly journals Contributions of lipopolysaccharide and the type IVB secretion system to Coxiella burnetii vaccine efficacy and reactogenicity

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie M. Long ◽  
Paul A. Beare ◽  
Diane C. Cockrell ◽  
Jonathan Fintzi ◽  
Mahelat Tesfamariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
Type Ivb Secretion ◽  
Type Ivb Secretion System

AbstractCoxiella burnetii is the bacterial causative agent of the zoonosis Q fever. The current human Q fever vaccine, Q-VAX®, is a fixed, whole cell vaccine (WCV) licensed solely for use in Australia. C. burnetii WCV administration is associated with a dermal hypersensitivity reaction in people with pre-existing immunity to C. burnetii, limiting wider use. Consequently, a less reactogenic vaccine is needed. Here, we investigated contributions of the C. burnetii Dot/Icm type IVB secretion system (T4BSS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in protection and reactogenicity of fixed WCVs. A 32.5 kb region containing 23 dot/icm genes was deleted in the virulent Nine Mile phase I (NMI) strain and the resulting mutant was evaluated in guinea pig models of C. burnetii infection, vaccination-challenge, and post-vaccination hypersensitivity. The NMI ∆dot/icm strain was avirulent, protective as a WCV against a robust C. burnetii challenge, and displayed potentially altered reactogenicity compared to NMI. Nine Mile phase II (NMII) strains of C. burnetii that produce rough LPS, were similarly tested. NMI was significantly more protective than NMII as a WCV; however, both vaccines exhibited similar reactogenicity. Collectively, our results indicate that, like phase I LPS, the T4BSS is required for full virulence by C. burnetii. Conversely, unlike phase I LPS, the T4BSS is not required for vaccine-induced protection. LPS length does not appear to contribute to reactogenicity while the T4BSS may contribute to this response. NMI ∆dot/icm represents an avirulent phase I strain with full vaccine efficacy, illustrating the potential of genetically modified C. burnetii as improved WCVs.

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