scholarly journals Diversity of flax morphological characters in VIR genetic collection as a result of crop domestication

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta A. Porokhovinova ◽  
Sofia N. Kutuzova ◽  
Andrey V. Pavlov ◽  
Irina S. Buzovkina ◽  
Nina B. Brutch
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Blue Flower ◽  
Crop Domestication ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Pink Flower ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Dark Blue

Background. Almost all described flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) biodiversity is presented in VIR genetic collection(GC). Materials and methods. 316 lines from GC belonging to 5 subspecies (indo-abyssinicum, hindustanicum, eurasiaticum, mediterraneum, transitorium) were characterized by morphological traits (MT), for some of them Mendel’s genetic control was evaluated. Results. MT groups, genotypes typical for each of subspecies are revealed, but appearance of other phenotypes cannot be excluded, because subspecies can differ only in frequency of their occurrence. The genetic analysis was carried out. It expanded the list of MT genes. It was shown that many lines have similar mutations of MT regardless of their origin. Many MT genes are promising or already use in breeding for example YSED1 and ysed (yellow seed), pf-ad (pink flower, yellow seeds), dlb3 (pale blue flower), sfbs1 (white deformed flower). Soon lines carrier s1 gene (anthocyanin biosynthesis inhibitor), will be used because mucilage from seeds s1s1 has special polysaccharide compound and with wf1 (white flower) gene which is linked with early flowering. The linkage between the genes controlling dark blue flower (sfc6, sfc10) and yellow seeds (ysed2) was found, which must be taken into account while breeding for yellow seed. Conclusion. The old landraces of GC can serve as source for any direction of breeding.

Studies of haploid–diploid twins in flax (Linum usitatissimum)

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Blue Flower ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Chromosomal Pairing ◽  
Haploid Embryos ◽  
Double Cross

The present study was designed to investigate the origin of twin seedlings in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). The twins were derived from crosses of high-twinning × nontwinning lines. The data presented were based on the following: (i) the morphology of twins in terms of variations in the position, orientation, and size of the twin embryos in the embryo sac and in the mature seed; (ii) the cytological interpretation of meiosis in the haploid and diploid member of F2 twins, and chromosomal pairing of the F3 diploid, triploid, and trisomic progeny obtained from crossing haploid × diploid F2 twins; and (iii) the genetic analysis of twinning frequencies, seed set by twins in single and double cross progenies, and the combinations of flower color phenotypes in F2 twins derived from blue flower × white flower crosses. The results, based on the survival rate of the haploid embryos, the cytological interpretation of meiosis, the fertility in the haploids, and in particular, the flower phenotype of twins in nine F2 families, support the hypothesis that the progenitors of the twin embryos are two-megaspore nuclei rather than one.Key words: flax twins.

Dimorphism in bud regeneration in flax (Linum usitatissimum)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Chlyah ◽  
M. Sqalli-Khalil ◽  
A. Chlyah
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Axillary Buds ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Bud Regeneration ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Physiological Stage ◽  
Morphogenetic Potential ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Stem Segments

The study of the expression of morphogenetic potential in stem segments of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) was undertaken as a function of donor plant age and level (basal, median, or apical) on the stem axis and in the absence of growth regulatory substances. Neoformation of normal buds (resembling seedlings) gave rise to shoots with no visible axillary buds, and a few roots were obtained from explants taken from young, vegetative plants; these organs were more numerous on basal than on apical explants. If the donor plant was in a prefloral or floral state, thus older and at a different physiological stage, a "modified" bud was formed, characterized by its slow growth, short thick stem and leaves, and sometimes with visible axillary buds. This type of bud was more numerous in apical than in basal segments. Callus was also formed and was reduced in size and limited to the cut extremities of explants when the donor plant was young, but was large and covered almost all the explant when the plant was older.

Comparison of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes with respect to the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Bjelková ◽  
Janka Nôžková ◽  
Katarína Fatrcová-Šramková ◽  
Eva Tejklová
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractThe aim of our work was to characterize linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes divided into groups with high and low content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Out of 32 linseed genotypes, 68.75 % represented high alpha-linolenic genotypes and 31.25 % were genotypes with low ALA content. Proportional representation of fatty acids was realized according to the norm (Czech Office for Standards, Metrology and Testing, 1994). Oil content was analyzed according to the internal methodology of Agritec Ltd., based on the norm (Czech Office for Standards, Metrology and Testing, 2011). The content of total fat ranged from 36.22 % to 46.35 %, that of ALA from 1.10 % to 65.20 %, and that of linoleic acid (LA) from 11.10 % to 75.00 % in the analyzed seed samples within all groups. The genotypes were divided also according to the seed color and a linear correlation between all three parameters within these groups was observed. Negative linear dependence was confirmed between parameters; ALA and LA content in the groups: high ALA brown seed (p < 0.0001; correlation coefficient (r) = −0.70), and high ALA yellow seed (p < 0.001; r = −0.36). Also, positive linear dependence between the total fat and the LA content in the groups: low ALA brown seed (p < 0.001; r = 0.34); low ALA yellow seed (p < 0.0001; r = 0.62), was found.

Evaluation of variability in five linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes using agro‐morphological characters and RAPD analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Towseef Mohsin Bhat ◽  
Rajdeep Kudesia ◽  
Manoj Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Sazada Sidiqqui
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Analysis of the extent and distribution of genetic diversity in crop plants is essential for optimizing sampling and breeding strategies. Morphological characters and Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to estimate genetic variability among 5 genotypes of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L). Selected four RAPD primers generated 140 bands, 80 of which were found to be polymorphic. All the primers produced polymorphic amplification products, however the extent of polymorphism varied with each primer .The percentage of polymorphism generated by primer was OPG‐03 (85.029%), OPH‐12(45.94%), OPC‐02(45.94%) and OPG‐18(64.28%). Great variation among morphological characters viz., root length, stem diameter, number of leaves, germination percentage and radicle length was observed. UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) dendrogram obtained from cluster analysis using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient resulted into three clusters. Cluster1 comprised of two genotypes (Jawhar and saharda), cluster II also comprised of two genotypes (T‐397 and KL‐1) and cluster III consisted of only one genotype Garima, which was interesting to observe that the Garima was distinct from all other four experimental varieties and sole constituent of cluster III. All the genotypes could be discriminated from one another using combined profiles of 4 primers.

The effect of autoclaving wilt nursery soil on emergence in flax

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-727
Author(s):  
G. Saeidi ◽  
G. G. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Seed Colour ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L

Emergence of flax (Linum usitatissimum L) is affected by seed colour and seed linolenic acid concentration. The role of soil and soil microorganisms in this relationship was studied in near isogenic populations for seed colour and linolenic acid level. In growth chamber experiments, the emergence of flax from autoclaved soil was greater than from non-autoclaved soil. This effect was greater for yellow seed than brown seed. Seed with high (50%) levels of linolenic acid had greater emergence than seed with low (2%) levels of linolenic acid in both soil types. The protective effect of brown seed and high seed linolenic acid levels on emergence in flax was confirmed. Key words: Seed colour, linolenic acid, soil microorganisms, flax

Hepatoprotective activity and standardization of the bioactive lignan fraction of Linum usitatissimum L.

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
H El-Askary ◽  
S El Zalabani ◽  
RS El-Din ◽  
MY Issa ◽  
RR Hegazy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L

ОСОБЕННОСТИ СЕЛЕКЦИИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ В ГЕНЕТИКО- СЕЛЕКЦИОННЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ ЛЬНА (Linum usitatissimum L.) (обзор)

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 602-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.В. УЩАПОВСКИЙ И.В. УЩАПОВСКИЙ ◽  
◽  
В.А. ЛЕМЕШ В.А. ЛЕМЕШ ◽  
М.В. БОГДАНОВА М.В. БОГДАНОВА ◽  
Е.В. ГУЗЕНКО Е.В. ГУЗЕНКО ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L
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