Dimorphism in bud regeneration in flax (Linum usitatissimum)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Chlyah ◽  
M. Sqalli-Khalil ◽  
A. Chlyah

The study of the expression of morphogenetic potential in stem segments of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) was undertaken as a function of donor plant age and level (basal, median, or apical) on the stem axis and in the absence of growth regulatory substances. Neoformation of normal buds (resembling seedlings) gave rise to shoots with no visible axillary buds, and a few roots were obtained from explants taken from young, vegetative plants; these organs were more numerous on basal than on apical explants. If the donor plant was in a prefloral or floral state, thus older and at a different physiological stage, a "modified" bud was formed, characterized by its slow growth, short thick stem and leaves, and sometimes with visible axillary buds. This type of bud was more numerous in apical than in basal segments. Callus was also formed and was reduced in size and limited to the cut extremities of explants when the donor plant was young, but was large and covered almost all the explant when the plant was older.

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
N.V. Proletova

Цель исследования заключалась в разработке эффективной селективной системы invitro для создания устойчивых к антракнозу генотипов льна. В качестве объекта исследований использованы сорта и линии льна Linum usitatissimum L., различающиеся по устойчивости к антракнозу. Штаммы гриба, включённые в исследования, различались по вирулентности. В исследованиях использовали методики Доспехова, Курчаковой, Методические рекомендации по созданию, поддержанию, хранению и практическому использованию Коллекции микроорганизмов возбудителей болезней льна. В результате разработана селективная система invitro гриб Colletotrichum lini Mannset Bolley лён, позволяющая отбирать клетки льнадолгунца invitro, устойчивые к культуральному фильтрату, из которых с большей эффективностью можно получать растениярегенеранты, устойчивые к патогену. В культуральных фильтратах исследуемых штаммов возбудителя установлено наличие аминокислот: аланин, глицин, аспарагин, цистеин, аспарагиновая и глютаминовая кислоты, аргинин, треонин. Выявлена зависимость отзывчивости клеток льна на присутствие в среде продуктов жизнедеятельности гриба возбудителя антракноза от величины экспланта. Клетки пыльников в селективных условиях были более уязвимы, чем клетки незрелых зародышей. Выявлено влияние генотипа льна на потенции клеток к морфогенезу в селективных условиях. Клетки генотипов Л 95787, Алексим, Пенджаб, Зарянка обладали высокой морфогенетической активностью. Морфогенетический потенциал генотипов Л 150684, Росинка был исчерпан уже ко 23 пассажу. При разработке схемы селекции льна invitro на устойчивость к антракнозу получено 86 побегов, проверка которых на искусственном инфекционнопровокационном фоне показала, что генотипы различались по устойчивости. Наряду с устойчивыми и среднеустойчивыми к антракнозу линиями (на уровне 5075) были и формы, восприимчивые к болезни. У устойчивых и среднеустойчивых генотипов параметры устойчивости были на 1237 выше, чем у исходных форм.The purpose of the research was to develop an effective selective system invitro for the creation of flax genotypes resistant to anthracnose. Flax varieties and lines of Linum usitatissimum L. differing in resistance to anthracnose were used as the object of research. The fungal strains included in the researches differed in virulence. Dospekhov and Kurchakovas methods, Methodical recommendations on the creation, maintenance, storage and practical use of the Collection of microorganisms of flax pathogens were used in the researches. As a result, a selective invitro system called Fungal Colletotrichum lini Mannset Bolleyflax has been developed which allows the selection of cells of longstalked flax invitro resistant to culture filtrate from which pathogenresistant regenerants can be obtained with greater efficiency. In the culture filtrates of the studied pathogen strains the presence of amino acids is established: alanine, glycine, asparagine, cysteine, aspartic and glutamic acid, arginine, threonine. The dependence of the responsiveness of flax cells to the presence in the environment of waste products of the fungus, the causative agent of anthracnose, on the size of the explant was revealed. Anther cells under selective conditions were more vulnerable than cells of immature germs. The influence of flax genotype on cell potency to morphogenesis in selective conditions has been revealed. Cells of genotypes L 95787, Alexim, Penjab, Zaryanka possessed high morphogenetic activity. The morphogenetic potential of genotypes L 150684, Rosinka was exhausted already by passage 23. When developing a plan for the selection of flax invitro for resistance to anthracnose 86 shoots were obtained, checking them on an artificial infectiousprovocative background showed that the genotypes differed in resistance. Along with resistant and moderately resistant to anthracnose lines (at a level of 5075), there were also forms susceptible to the disease. In resistant and moderately resistant genotypes, resistance parameters were 1237 higher than in the original forms.


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta A. Porokhovinova ◽  
Sofia N. Kutuzova ◽  
Andrey V. Pavlov ◽  
Irina S. Buzovkina ◽  
Nina B. Brutch

Background. Almost all described flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) biodiversity is presented in VIR genetic collection(GC). Materials and methods. 316 lines from GC belonging to 5 subspecies (indo-abyssinicum, hindustanicum, eurasiaticum, mediterraneum, transitorium) were characterized by morphological traits (MT), for some of them Mendel’s genetic control was evaluated. Results. MT groups, genotypes typical for each of subspecies are revealed, but appearance of other phenotypes cannot be excluded, because subspecies can differ only in frequency of their occurrence. The genetic analysis was carried out. It expanded the list of MT genes. It was shown that many lines have similar mutations of MT regardless of their origin. Many MT genes are promising or already use in breeding for example YSED1 and ysed (yellow seed), pf-ad (pink flower, yellow seeds), dlb3 (pale blue flower), sfbs1 (white deformed flower). Soon lines carrier s1 gene (anthocyanin biosynthesis inhibitor), will be used because mucilage from seeds s1s1 has special polysaccharide compound and with wf1 (white flower) gene which is linked with early flowering. The linkage between the genes controlling dark blue flower (sfc6, sfc10) and yellow seeds (ysed2) was found, which must be taken into account while breeding for yellow seed. Conclusion. The old landraces of GC can serve as source for any direction of breeding.


Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
H El-Askary ◽  
S El Zalabani ◽  
RS El-Din ◽  
MY Issa ◽  
RR Hegazy ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 602-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.В. УЩАПОВСКИЙ И.В. УЩАПОВСКИЙ ◽  
◽  
В.А. ЛЕМЕШ В.А. ЛЕМЕШ ◽  
М.В. БОГДАНОВА М.В. БОГДАНОВА ◽  
Е.В. ГУЗЕНКО Е.В. ГУЗЕНКО ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sood ◽  
N. Kalia ◽  
S. Bhateria

Combining ability and heterosis were calculated for fourteen lines of linseed in a line × tester mating design using twelve lines and two diverse testers in two different environments. The hybrids and parental lines were raised in a completely randomized block design with three replications to investigate seed and fibre yield and their component traits. Genetic variation was significant for most of the traits over environments. Combining ability studies revealed that the lines KL-221 and LCK-9826 were good general combiners for seed yield and most of its components, whereas LMH-62 and LC-2323 were good general combiners for yield components only. Moreover, KL-221 was also a good general combiner for fibre yield. Similarly, B-509 and Ariane were good general combiners for fibre yield and most of its components. Among the specific cross combinations, B-509 × Flak-1 was outstanding for seed yield per plant and B-509 × KL-187 and LC-2323 × LCK-9826 for fibre yield per plant, with high SCA effects. In general, the hybrids excelled their respective parents and the standard checks for most of the characters studied. Based on the comparison of mean performance, SCA effects and the extent of heterosis, the hybrids LC-2323 × LCK-9826 and B-509 × KL-221 appeared to be the most promising for both seed and fibre yield. Other promising combinations were LC-2323 × KL-210 and B-509 × Ariane for seed and fibre yield, respectively. The superiority of LC-2323, LCK-9826, KL-221, B-509 and Ariane as good general combiners was further confirmed by the involvement of these parents in the desirable cross combinations.


2015 ◽  
Vol 176 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-455
Author(s):  
S. N. Kutuzova ◽  
◽  
E. A. Porokhovinova ◽  
G. I. Pendinen ◽  
◽  
...  

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