scholarly journals Thoughts of N.I. Pirogov «About desirable transformations of the Medico-Surgical Academy»

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
B I Zholus ◽  
I V Petreev
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
University Leadership ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
The University ◽  
The Military

The great doctor, anatomist, surgeon, teacher, professor Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov (1810-1881) glorified not only Russian medicine, but also Russia as a whole. The vast majority of scientific results were achieved by him during his work at the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy from December 1840 to July 1856. His discoveries and achievements relate primarily to anatomy and its topographic direction, surgery and its military field, the military medical «administration» - the organization of medical support for the army. Contemporaries N.I. Pirogov was noted for his high pedagogical abilities. 21 years after the death of N.I. Pirogov, his wife transferred part of the archive to Novorossiysk (now Odessa) University. Among the works was an article written in pencil, «On the desirable transformations of the Medical and Surgical Academy». Professor of Anatomy of the University N.A. Batuev published an article in the Russky Doktor newspaper in 1902, in which the idea that military doctors are educated in universities in European countries on the basis of medical faculties, which should be administratively independent of university leadership, was a common thread. Nikolai Ivanovich proposed at the initial stage of training to guide students through the general faculty of natural sciences. Further, his proposal was that the medical faculty should be divided into two departments: the first - for the training of civilian doctors, and the second - for those wishing to enlist in the military. Commonwealth with the University of N.I. Pirogov was seen as an opportunity to deepen and expand the knowledge acquired by students, especially natural sciences, in the initial period of study.

The contemporary biobibliography trends (based on all-ukrainian «Biographical rating»)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor Stambol
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Gender Ratio ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Scientific Schools ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
The University

The purpose of the article is to find out the main trends of modern biobibliography over the last two years, which have reflected on the resource «Biographical Rating», the main objectives of the study are to determine the quantitative bibliographic indexes, the most productive bibliography centres, the main professional groups for which representatives bibliographic indexes are created. For the research process an analytical method was used to find out the nature of the sources, as well as a classification method to distinguish indicators by topic and grouping. The conclusion is obtained in the process of synthesis of the researched information. Explained statistics show that scientists, in particular, humanities dominated in the Ukrainian biobiblography of recent years. This is explained by the existence of existing relevant scientific centres and significant surge in national humanities, as well as the need for experience confirmation of scientific results in the natural sciences, which is complicated in modern domestic socio-economic conditions. Therefore, most bibliographic indexes are devoted to general and local historians. Another predominant group is the writers who are also related to the humanities in the context of philology, as well as to the noticeable development of Ukrainian literature, although most indexes are refered to little-known and regional writers. But, despite the quantitative advantage, the winners, according to the results of the «Biographical Rating», were also selected indexes for the composer, priest and teacher. The main centres that produce the best personal indexes are the university libraries, which are associated with the departments and scientific «schools» and priority areas of research. The gender ratio remains the same as in previous historical stages - women's bibliographic indexes are in minority.

scholarly journals N.I. Pirogov and his proverbial: «I believe in hygiene»

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-267
Author(s):  
B. I. Zholus ◽  
I. V. Petreev
Keyword(s):  
Military Hospital ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Hospital Practice ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
The Status ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The Military ◽  
Powerful Incentive

The great doctor, anatomist, surgeon, teacher, professor Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov (1810-1881) glorified not only Russian medicine, but also Russia as a whole. His discoveries and achievements relate primarily to the anatomy and its topographic direction, surgery and its military field, the military medical administration is the organization of medical support for the army. The vast majority of scientific results were achieved by Professor N.I. Pirogov during his work at the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy from December 1840 to July 1856. Among all his wonderful quotes and expressions, the words I believe in hygiene and The future belong to preservative medicine gained the most popularity. They were published in Russian in his fundamental work The Beginnings of General Military Field Surgery, Taken from Observations of Military Hospital Practice and Memoirs of the Crimean War and the Caucasian Expedition in 1865. For more than 150 years, these phrases continue to be quoted by doctors of many specialties. . The question of what meaning Nikolay Ivanovich invested in these winged words and served as the reason for this article. To understand the great scientists judgments, his words individuality and fatalism, which preceded these historical phrases, are analyzed. The sources of knowledge and experience of hygiene of the first half of the XIX century, which N.I. could use Pirogov since, until 1865, neither in Europe nor in Russia did hygiene acquire the status of an independent science, its provisions were based on empirical information received by doctors in both peacetime and wartime. With full confidence, it can be argued that the highest authority of N.I. Pirogov and his catch phrase I believe in hygiene served as a powerful incentive for the development of all hygiene science.

scholarly journals Initial stage of development of heliobiology in Russia (biography of Petr Mikhailovich Nagorsky)

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 190-196
Author(s):  
P. M. Nagorsky ◽  
F. V. Alyab'ev ◽  
A. I. Osipov ◽  
Yu. A. Shamarin ◽  
S. N. Poverinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Pathological Anatomy ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
The University ◽  
Medical University

The paper describes the biography of Petr Mikhailovich Nagorskii, one of the founders of Russian heliobiology. The most important stages in his life: childhood, learning in seminary and medical university, work at a chair of pathological anatomy, field duty, and then return to the university and beginning of scientific research, are described. Scientific results of heliobiological research with the use of a lead chamber are described.

A Need Analysis in Academic Writing by Using Integrative-Based Approach: The Perspective of University Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helaluddin Helaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
University Students ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Need Analysis ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Academic Genres ◽  
The University ◽  
Academic Year

This article discusses the needs and interests of the university students in Banten Indonesia for learning to write with an integrative approach as an initial stage in the development of academic writing textbooks. The participants in this study were 60 students in the first semester of the 2018/2019 academic year who took an Indonesian language course. It was found that students were familiar with writing activities. But the majority were limited to non-academic genres such as writing poetry, short stories, and writing personal blogs. Also, students have almost the same problems in academic writing, both from linguistic aspects, technical aspects, to issues of developing writing ideas. Another thing that was found in this study was the participation of lecturers who they expected in guiding and providing input during academic writing learning.

Environmental engineering education in conjunction with or as Part of social sciences curricula

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.H. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Environmental Engineering ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
The University ◽  
Engineering Programme ◽  
Environmental Infrastructure

Traditionally in Germany environmental engineering education took place within the context of a civil engineering programme. There were reasons for this: the beginning of much of what we understand today to be environmental works fell within the parameters of city engineering. There were and are advantages mostly in view of the necessary planning, construction and operation of environmental infrastructure. There are also disadvantages which become more and more pronounced as the field of environmental protection expands: the civil engineer frequently lacks basic training in disciplines such as biology and chemistry and carries a large and sometimes burdensome knowledge of other less relevant subjects. Thus, educators begin to look for alternatives. This paper deals with an alternative that was developed some ten years ago and therefore has proven viable and successful: at the University of Karlsruhe students may choose to major in environmental engineering within the context or on the basis of an economics and business administration curriculum. The basic question here is as to what extent the student masters the field of environmental engineering if he or she has predominantly a solid background in social sciences and very little in natural sciences. The paper will describe the curriculum in structure and intensity and evaluate the accumulated knowledge and suitability of these students in terms of actual environmental problems. This will be done in terms of examination performance parallel and/or relative to traditionally trained civil environmental engineers as well as in terms of topics successfully treated in Masters' theses. In conclusion, it is argued that such combination of curricula should not be confined to economic sciences and environmental engineering but also be planned for legal sciences and environmental engineering.

scholarly journals Why Age Matters to Higher Education: Age-Friendly Tools and Techniques for Culture Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 551-551
Author(s):  
David Burdick ◽  
Karen Rose ◽  
Dana Bradley
Keyword(s):  
University Presidents ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
State University ◽  
Community Members ◽  
University Leadership ◽  
Drexel University ◽  
College Of Nursing ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
The University ◽  
Oregon State University

Abstract Momentum is growing for the Age-Friendly University Network as proponents, primarily gerontology educators, have successfully encouraged university presidents to sign nonbinding pledged to become more age-friendly in programs and policies, endorsing 10 Age-Friendly University Principles. While this trend is inspiring, more is needed to fully achieve benefits for universities, students, communities, and older adults. Four presentations discuss innovative ways of deepening university commitment, weaving the principles into the fabric of the university. The first paper describes thematic content analysis from five focus groups with admissions and career services staff at Washington University in St. Louis and the recommendations that emerged for the provision of programs and services for post-traditional students. The second paper describes efforts to utilize community-impact internships and community partnerships to build support for Age-Friendly University initiatives at Central Connecticut State University, particularly in the context of the university’s recent Carnegie Foundation Engaged Campus designation. The third paper describes how Drexel University became Philadelphia’s first Age-Friendly University and current efforts in the Drexel College of Nursing and Heatlh Care Profession’s AgeWell Collaboratory to convene university-wide leadership for an AFU Steering Committee working on four mission-driven efforts to ensure AFU sustainability. The fourth paper describes steps taken by AFU proponents at Western Oregon State University to gain endorsement from university leadership and community, including mapping the 10 AFU Principles to the university’s strategic plan, faculty senate endorsement, and survey/interview results of older community members’ use of the university, which collectively have enhanced deeper and broader campus buy-in of AFU.

NEW SCIENTIFIC WORKS ON THE MODERN BELARUSIAN AND POLISH HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF THE LATE IMPERIAL RUSSIA AND THE SOVIET STATE

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Oksana Babenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Red Army ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Military

The review presents new publications on the Belarusian and the Polish historiographies of the history of the late Imperial Russia and the Soviet State. Such problems as the number and conditions of detention of foreign prisoners of war in the Belarusian territories of the Russian Empire during the First World War, the influence of the military conflicts of 1914-1921 on the identity of the inhabitants of the Belarusian lands, the initial stage of the formation of academic science in the BSSR, the question of the «invasion» of Poland by the Red Army in September 1939 are highlighted.

Prospects for Cooperation Between Russia and Syria in Various Scenarios of Military Conflict Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Alheder Haled
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

The paper is devoted to determining the prospects for cooperation between Russia and the Syrian Arab Republic in various scenarios of military conflicts. In order to identify the relationship between the success of the country's foreign economic policy and the military conflicts waged on its territory, a study was conducted of such indicators of Syria as: the growth rate of the peace index and the GDP growth rate. A strong inverse correlation is revealed, which means that the level of political situation and peace in the state determines the efficiency of the economy. In view of this, various scenarios of the development of the military conflict in Syria have been studied: at the initial stage, at the stage of active hostilities, at the present stage of overcoming the crisis. The last stage involves four different scenarios for the development of a military conflict, including a local nature and a protracted nature with the involvement of other countries of the world. Options for developing cooperation between Russia and Syria have been identified for each scenario. Taking into account the assessment of the international political situation, the two most likely scenarios for further military events in Syria are identified, and the prospects for cooperation between Russia and Syria in these conditions are outlined.

Dubrovnik Republic in Russian Historiography in the 19th — the Beginning of the 20th Century

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9 (107)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Irina Vorobyova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
European Cities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Imaginative Literature ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
Scientific Results

This article concerns the initial period of the phenomena of Dubrovnik Republic, who kept its independence during centuries in the alien ethnic and confessional surroundings. This item seldom appeared in the sphere of attention of the specialists upon the European urban studies. The historian V. V. Makushev (1837—1883), being at the diplomatic service in Dubrovnik, studied the resources and published the scientific results in his articles and monographs. He created his author classification of the sources of the urban problems, evaluated their informational  capability, proved the historical value of the imaginative literature. This approach is actual for the analysis of the medieval history of the Mediterranean and other European cities.

scholarly journals The soviet school system in Central Intelligence Agency estimates at the initial stage of the Cold War

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Zaur Imalverdi oglu Mamedov
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
School System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Intelligence Agency ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
Soviet School ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

The paper is devoted to the analysis by the Central Intelligence Agency of the USSR school system. The US was in dire need of information about its new adversary. The situation was aggravated by the closed nature of the Soviet state and the absence of a long continuous tradition of intelligence activities of American intelligence. The president and other government bodies wanted to have comprehensive knowledge of any processes and phenomena in the world. US intelligence should have been able to solve this problem. In this regard, the first stage of the Cold War for the CIA was largely due to an analysis of official and semi-official sources, as well as the development of various strategies. In order to find out about various areas of the life in the USSR, analysts extracted information from Soviet scientific literature, press, radio, legislation and interrogations of former German prisoners. The National Assessment Bureau, led by William Langer and Sherman Kent, compiled reports on Soviet military capabilities, industry, agriculture, the political system, etc. The Soviet school system was considered by American intelligence specialists in the framework of the military and economic potential of the enemy, as well as the strategy of psychological warfare. The paper analyzes the reports concerning the educational system in the USSR in the aspect of school education, its strengths and weaknesses. The results allow us to conclude that the information about the Soviet school system contributed to the formation of the foreign policy and domestic policy of the United States.

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