scholarly journals Atypical rolandic epilepsy spectrum and related conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
A G Sofronov ◽  
D E Zaytsev ◽  
N A Titov ◽  
I D Zaytsev
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Rolandic Epilepsy ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Atypical Manifestations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In the last decade, a sufficient amount of data has accumulated that testifies to the ambiguity of the assertion about the «benignity» of benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal commissures («Rolandic»). More and more researchers are providing evidence of cognitive impairment associated with age-dependent epilepsy. A literature review is given on this problem, the main trends and main criteria the diagnosis of typical and atypical age-dependent epilepsy with centro-temporal commissures on the electroencephalogram are considered. It has been established that the main criteria for the atypical nature of age-dependent epilepsy include such signs as the intermittent focus of slow waves, multiple asynchronous peak waves, long peak wave clusters, generalized 3 Hz «absance-like» runs, the relationship of interictal paroxysms with negative or positive myoclonus, and abundance interictal finds during wakefulness and sleep. A continuum of conditions associated with the condition under consideration is highlighted, which includes a number of conditions from relatively favorable to severe and disabling. We have singled out the term «atypical rolandic epilepsy», which has already taken shape in the world literature and includes such signs of atypicality as: early debut of seizures (up to 4 years), the presence of daytime seizures, duration of seizures (more than 30 minutes), with a tendency to form status, changes in neuroimaging studies (both morphological - computed and magnetic resonance imaging - and functional - positron emission tomography), impaired cognitive and / or behavioral sphere (including Indra attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), disorders of motor development as well as the mental and speech development, atypical manifestations in the electroencephalogram (unusual localization rolandic spikes, their generalization, the presence of «3Hz absansopodobnyh runs»).

scholarly journals Determination of receptor occupancy in the presence of mass dose: [11C]GSK189254 PET imaging of histamine H3 receptor occupancy by PF-03654746

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1095-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Dominique Gallezot ◽  
Beata Planeta ◽  
Nabeel Nabulsi ◽  
Donna Palumbo ◽  
Xiaoxi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Receptor Occupancy ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pet Scans

Measurements of drug occupancies using positron emission tomography (PET) can be biased if the radioligand concentration exceeds “tracer” levels. Negative bias would also arise in successive PET scans if clearance of the radioligand is slow, resulting in a carryover effect. We developed a method to (1) estimate the in vivo dissociation constant Kd of a radioligand from PET studies displaying a non-tracer carryover (NTCO) effect and (2) correct the NTCO bias in occupancy studies taking into account the plasma concentration of the radioligand and its in vivo Kd. This method was applied in a study of healthy human subjects with the histamine H3 receptor radioligand [11C]GSK189254 to measure the PK-occupancy relationship of the H3 antagonist PF-03654746. From three test/retest studies, [11C]GSK189254 Kd was estimated to be 9.5 ± 5.9 pM. Oral administration of 0.1 to 4 mg of PF-03654746 resulted in occupancy estimates of 71%–97% and 30%–93% at 3 and 24 h post-drug, respectively. NTCO correction adjusted the occupancy estimates by 0%–15%. Analysis of the relationship between corrected occupancies and PF-03654746 plasma levels indicated that PF-03654746 can fully occupy H3 binding sites ( ROmax = 100%), and its IC50 was estimated to be 0.144 ± 0.010 ng/mL. The uncorrected IC50 was 26% higher.

Byron and Weltliteratur

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-39
Author(s):  
Nicholas Halmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Engagement ◽  
Narrative Poems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The ageing Goethe was fascinated with Byron whom he called the greatest poetic talent. Though suspicious of Byron’s Philhellenism, Goethe found in Byron an openness to encounter non-English cultures, an attentiveness to national histories and in interest in the relationship of the individual to social life. Byron’s self-contextualising, self-historicising narrative poems constitute a parallel to Goethe’s own literary campaigns for cross-cultural engagement in the 1810s and 1820s and, despite Byron’s alienation from England, offer hope for the prospects of what Goethe was to call “world literature”.

An Episode in Provincial Cosmopolitanism

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-131
Author(s):  
Álvaro Fernández Bravo
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Chinese Poetry ◽  
Literature Reading ◽  
Entre Rios ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Literary System

This article explores the relationship of the work of the Argentine poet Juan L. Ortiz with Chinese poetry, which he not only translated into Spanish, but also read and referred to in his own writing. In the first part of this paper, I read Ortiz’s oeuvre as building a position in the Argentine literary system from the margin, the “province” of Entre Ríos where the author lived and published his books. In the second part, I use the notion of provincial cosmopolitanism to perform a World Literature reading of two poems that may illuminate aspects of a literary formation that a national reading framework is not able to recover. Poetry can be provincial and cosmopolitan at the same time, as my approach to Ortiz’s poems—as a contribution to the erosion of national hegemony in the reading of literature—intends to demonstrate.

The Relationship of Perceptual-Motor Development to Learning Readiness in Kindergarten

1985 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold A. Solan ◽  
Rochelle Mozlin ◽  
David A. Rumpf
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Learning Readiness ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Reasons for Reduced Learning Motivation in Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Katunova
Keyword(s):  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Students With Adhd ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

The article discusses the study of the relationship of ADHD in children and adults with their learning motivation at the neurological and behavioral levels. On the basis of the results of research presented in modern foreign literature, two categories of reasons for the decline in learning motivation among students with ADHD are identified: external and internal. The purpose of this article is to emphasize that the system of motivation in patients with ADHD has deeper impairments than is commonly believed due to neurological disorders of the brain, as well as complex social problems, and present these results as an explanation of motivational and educational problems faced by students with ADHD. The article also presents possible directions for coordinating the reasons for the decline in academic motivation in ADHD and psychological theories of its formation (SDT, AGT and SCT). The possibilities of applying these theories for psychological and pedagogical solutions to the problems of motivation among students with ADHD are shown. The results of the analysis of the reviewed scientific papers indicate the need for a comprehensive account of the factors that reduce motivation in developing a system of recommendations for students with ADHD – for organizing their learning environment and planning the individual trajectory of their development.

scholarly journals The Paradigm of Speech Ontogenesis as a Methodological Basis of Speech Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6 (344)) ◽  
pp. 207-223
Author(s):  
Olena Bielova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
School Age ◽  
Scientific Theories ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Speech Activity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Children's Speech

The research provides a theoretical analysis of the problem of studying the ontogenesis of speech from birth to school age. The purpose of the research is to provide a theoretical justification for the ontogenesis of speech as the methodological basis for speech development. Research methods: analysis of scientific sources. Research objectives: theoretical analysis of scientific theories on the knowledge of the terms «language» and «speech»; substantiation of the term «ontogenesis» and terms such as «speech ontogenesis», «children’s speech ontogenesis», «speech development»; study of psycholinguistic concepts of speech ontogenesis; to reveal the phenomenology of the theory of speech activity in the scientific space; coverage, based on scientific theories, of stages of a child’s ontogenetic development from birth to school age; consider scientific teachings on the relationship of speech to other mental processes. Based on scientific and theoretical research, the meaning of the concepts «language» and «speech» was revealed; understanding of the term «ontogenesis» and terms such as «speech ontogenesis», «child speech ontogenesis», «speech development»; the search can help to acquaint with various scientific positions that shed light on the ontogenesis of speech development: nativism (genetic programming of speech development), activity speech theory (speech acquires a kind of activity, motivation, heuristics and it is socially and objectively conditioned) and cognitive development (the relationship of speech with cognitive mental processes); it was described the phenomenology of the theory of speech activity, which includes the leading elements: motive, purpose, tasks, conditions, actions, operations, means of execution; the stages of ontogenesis of children’s speech are revealed (infant, early, preschool and school-age); the close relationship of speech with mental processes are determined. Studying the conceptual foundations of speech ontogenesis will allow us to further understand the problem of speech readiness for the schooling of children with speech pathology.

scholarly journals MODERN PRINCIPLES OF COMPARATIVE LITERATURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-51
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Methodology Of Science ◽  
Cultural Features

The article deals with the analysis of modern scientific approaches to critical studies. The current importance of the science of literature critical studies has been analyzed from different perspectives. The author tries to justify in which issues of literature the perspective of this field is more important. There are also the peculiarities of the methodology of science, the main scientific directions and ideas about the name of the discipline. Special emphasis was placed on national comparative studies. It is well known that literature critical studies as an independent branch of science emerged in the second half of the nineteenth century. The uniqueness of this field is that it determines the place and contribution of national literatures to world civilization by comparing them with each other. There are relatively little-studied areas of literature critical studies in our country. Some foreign experts are trying to prove that the head of the discipline has stuck in a dead end having no perspectives. Comparison in the broadest sense is the process of perceiving the commonalities and differences of life events. However, the function of this discipline is not limited to finding the properties in X and in Y. In fact, what is the importance of literature critical studies as a science today? The article is devoted to a critical assessment of this issue from different perspectives. The peculiarities of the formation of the discipline are also analyzed. It is claimed that the task of the article is to teach students to use theoretical knowledge, practical skills, modern comparative methods and techniques, to distinguish between national and cultural features of the studied literature, to understand the relationship of national literature with world literature and to draw conclusions based on the analysis.

scholarly journals Novel Age-Dependent Cortico-Subcortical Morphologic Interactions Predict Fluid Intelligence: A Multi-Cohort Geometric Deep Learning Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunan Wu ◽  
Pierre Besson ◽  
Emanuel Azcona ◽  
Sarah Bandt ◽  
Todd Parrish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Strong Hypothesis ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship of human brain structure to cognitive function is complex, and how this relationship differs between childhood and adulthood is poorly understood. One strong hypothesis suggests the cognitive function of Fluid Intelligence (Gf) is dependent on prefrontal cortex and parietal cortex. In this work, we developed a novel graph convolutional neural networks (gCNNs) for the analysis of localized anatomic shape and prediction of Gf. Morphologic information of the cortical ribbons and subcortical structures was extracted from T1-weighted MRIs within two independent cohorts, the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD; age: 9.93 ± 0.62 years) of children and the Human Connectome Project (HCP; age: 28.81 ± 3.70 years). Prediction combining cortical and subcortical surfaces together yielded the highest accuracy of Gf for both ABCD (R = 0.314) and HCP datasets (R = 0.454), outperforming the state-of-the-art prediction of Gf from any other brain measures in the literature. Across both datasets, the morphology of the amygdala, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens, along with temporal, parietal and cingulate cortex consistently drove the prediction of Gf, suggesting a significant reframing of the relationship between brain morphology and Gf to include systems involved with reward/aversion processing, judgment and decision-making, motivation, and emotion.

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