scholarly journals Features of primary morbidity of military personnel who serve in conditions of occupational hazards

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
S G Grigoryev ◽  
G G Zagorodnikov ◽  
V A Sanzharevsky ◽  
P P Sivashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The comparative analysis of primary morbidity of officers involved in work with occupational hazards of chemical or radiation nature in 2007-2014 has been performed. It was established that the group of officers involved in work with organophosphorus compounds has significantly higher rate of respiratory system diseases and lower rate of primary morbidity of the circulatory system diseases than the officers involved in work with ionized radiation sources. It was demonstrated that the main contribution to the primary morbidity was made by the following classes: diseases of respiratory system, diseases of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, diseases of digestive system and diseases of circulatory system. The primary morbidity for leading categories of diseases among military personnel who worked with organophosphorus compounds in two regimes (immediate activities to destroy organophosphorus compounds and support for this process (guard, medical and fire services) did not depend on the nature of work. The rate of respiratory system diseases was relatively higher among all Russian Federation Armed forces servicemen and among those who worked with highly toxic substances (mainly due to acute infections of the upper respiratory tract). For the other classes considered the primary morbidity was higher in the risk groups. Evaluation of the role of specific nosological forms showed that in a group of servicemen working with organophosphorus compounds the rates of acute infections of the upper respiratory tract of multiple and unspecified localization, other nasal and nasal sinuses diseases, dorsalgia predominated but was inferior to the incidence of chronic ischemic heart disease. In this connection it is necessary to elaborate and conduct the preventive measures against above mentioned categories of diseases and main nosological forms of these categories.

scholarly journals New prospects for local etiotropic treatment of acute respiratory viral infections

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
A. A. Krivopalov ◽  
V. A. Shatalov ◽  
S. V. Shervashidze
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

According to WHO, the respiratory system diseases are currently inside the ten most common pathologies. The modern strategy for treating influenza and ARVI gives priority to the antiviral and immunostimulating agents, but the symptomatic drugs, which include preparations based on silver and its compounds, also play an important role. The large positive experience in using silver preparations supported by numerous clinical studies shows their high efficacy and satisfactory safety profile in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the nose and upper respiratory tract in children and adults.

scholarly journals The Haemophilic Bacteria of the Upper Respiratory Tract, the Appearance of Virulent forms in Relation to Upper Respiratory Infections

1934 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hoyle
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Normal Health

In previous studies of the bacterial flora of the upper respiratory tract and its variations during attacks of acute coryza (Hoyle, 1932), it was found that there was in many cases a striking relationship between the appearance of certain organisms with definite pathogenic properties towards the lower animals, in the upper respiratory tract, and the occurrence of acute infections. This relationship was especially marked in the case of the influenza bacillus, and it was suggested that this organism played a prominent part in the aetiology of upper respiratory infections. The significance of the influenza bacillus in acute coryza has been noted by various workers (Noble, Fisher and Brainard, 1928; Burky and Smillie, 1929; Webster and Clow, 1932; Kneeland and Dawes, 1932), but on the other hand various observers have found the incidence of influenza bacilli in the respiratory tract to be the same in normal health and in acute coryza, and Fleming (1929) and Fleming and Maclean (1930) have devised a technique by means of which they claim to have isolated influenza bacilli in 100 per cent, of normal throats. One possible explanation of these conflicting results may be found in the absence of any very exact criterion of what constitutes a typical influenza bacillus.

Place of phytotherapy in the treatment of acute infections of upper respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wioletta Pietruszewska ◽  
Magda Barańska ◽  
Jakub Wielgat
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Intranasal Steroids ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Acute infections of the upper respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract (mouth and throat) are still the most common reason for reporting to the general practitioner or ENT specialist. Despite the fact that the most common causative agent of these diseases are virurs, antibiotics are still flavored in about 60-80% of patients who report to the doctor. In consensus such as EPOS, WHO reports and other local / national reports, there is a need to limit antibacterial treatment for symptomatic and anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition to intranasal steroids and mucocutaneous decongestants, supplementary treatment should be considered which resolves persistent symptoms. Plant preparations are used here. The growing role of rational phytotherapy is emphasized, especially due to the most frequent etiological factor of these infections, i.e. viruses. Modern phytotherapy is part of pharmacology, and all preparations based on plants meet the standards for medicines and are subject to standard registration procedures. The article discusses the use and mechanism of action of selected herbs, among others: sorrel, elderberry, yarrow and horsetail in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and upper gastrointestinal tract. The phytotherapy show good efficacy and tolerance, and can be used both in children and adults in recurrent infections of the upper respiratory tract. It is worth paying attention to the combined preparations, the components of which have the effect confirmed by randomized trials and long-term registration for use in treatment, both during the first signs of cold and its further duration, and supportive in chronic inflammation especially of the paranasal sinuses.

Prenatal diagnosis of lung malformations and upper respiratory tract in fetuses with trisomy 21

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.A. Strupeneva, E.S. Nekrasova, E.V. Lisina
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Laryngeal Atresia ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The features of the development of the respiratory system in children with Down syndrome and related with that diseases of lungs and upper respiratory tract in children in early childhood are presented. Two cases of prenatal diagnosis of cystic adenomatous malformation type Ш and laryngeal atresia in fetuses with trisomy 21 are described.

Indications for the Tracheoesophageal Diversion Procedure and the Laryngotracheal Separation Procedure

1988 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Eisele ◽  
C. Thomas Yarington ◽  
Roger C. Lindeman
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Separation Procedure ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Laryngotracheal Separation ◽  
Intractable Aspiration ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Surgical Separation

Impaired protective function of the larynx can lead to intractable aspiration, a severe and potentially fatal disorder. If medical therapy fails to prevent intractable aspiration, surgical separation of the upper respiratory tract from the digestive tract is necessary to prevent recurrent contamination of the respiratory system in these patients. Two such surgical procedures are the tracheoesophageal diversion procedure and the laryngotracheal separation procedure. Our approach to patients with intractable aspiration and the indications for the use of these surgical procedures for the prevention of aspiration are discussed.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of medical and statistical indicators of morbidity in the military serving under contract in the Navy and Land Forces of Russia (2003–2018)

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Evdokimov ◽  
P. P. Sivashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
The Military

Relevance. When solving military-professional tasks during the period of reforming the Armed Forces of Russia, military servicemen under contract (sergeants, foremen, privates and sailors) are given a special role, and in a number of units they must replace conscripts.Intention To analize medical and statistical morbidity indicators of military personnel under contract in the Navy and the Land Forces of Russia.Methods. We studied medical reports on the state of health of personnel and medical service activity according to Form 3 / MED of military units, in which about 60% of the total number of servicemen of the Russian Armed Forces served from 2003 to 2018. Morbidity indicators were correlated with the International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision (ICD-10).Results and Discussion. As a rule, the military personnel under contract in the Russian Navy had lower morbidity rates with high dismissal rates. In particular, the indicators were as follows: the average annual overall morbidity rates were (855.0 ± 65.3) and (946.9 ± 49.7) ‰ in the military personnel under contract in the Russian Navy and in the Land Forces of Russia, respectively; primary incidence, (384.8 ± 19.3) and (472.0 ± 22.8) ‰, respectively (p < 0.01); need for follow-up, (92.8 ± 9.9) and (74.3 ± 4.7) ‰, respectively; hospital admission rates, (205.8 ± 39.2) and (235.2 ± 13.2) ‰, respectively; working days lost, (4,038 ± 203) and (3.944 ± 196) ‰, respectively; dismissal rates, (6.82 ± 0.57) and (4.40 ± 0.61) ‰, respectively (p < 0.01); mortality rates, (112.13 ± 9.91) and (111.76 ± 7.80) per 100,000 military personnel under contract. It is possible that this phenomenon was determined by the peculiarities of professional activity, the organization of medical support and the high demands placed on the state of health of the Russian Navy servicemen. A significant part of the leading disease blocks with a share of 0.5% or more in the structure of medical and statistical morbidity indicators, were similar between the military personnel under contract in the Navy of Russia and the Land Forces of Russia. In the structure of the assessed military-epidemiological significance of disease blocks among the military personnel under contract of the Russian Navy, acute infections of the upper respiratory tract (J00– 06 by ICD-10) ranked 1st, diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum (K20–K31) ranked 2nd, followed by injuries involving several areas of the body (T08–T14), head injuries (S00–S09), ischemic heart disease (I20–I25). In the military personnel under contract in the Land Forces of Russia, these were the following diseases, from the most to least significant: acute infections of the upper respiratory tract (J00–J06), injuries involving several areas of the body (T08–T14), head injuries (S00–S09), diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum (K20–K31), and infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00–L08).Conclusion. Prevention of the leading groups of disaeses will contribute to improving the health status of servicemen under contract, and taking data on morbidity into account will help organize diagnostic and treatment assistance and optimize the personnel and material resources of military medical organizations. 

Determination of capability of biofilm formation of strains s.aureus selected from the upper respiratory tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
N. Y. Kravets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Millions of people have died from acute infections in the past century, but they have been effectively fought through the development of modern vaccines, antibiotics and infection control measures. Chronic infections are slower than acute infections, and the symptoms are often vague, difficult, and sometimes impossible to cure with antibiotics. Important signs of chronic biofilm infections are extreme resistance to antibiotics and many other common antimicrobials, as well as the extraordinary ability to avoid the host’s defenses. One such disease is chronic inflammatory lesions of the tonsils, the main infectious agents of which are gram-positive cocci, strains Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. The purpose of the study of the ability of strains of Staphylococcus aureus to form a biofilm isolated from the surface of the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract of children. Clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria obtained from the oropharynx of 32 children with tonsils affected by the inflammatory process at the age of 4-12 years (median – 7) were studied. The results of microbiological examination of biomaterial obtained from children with chronic inflammatory lesions of the tonsils showed that in 32 samples 25 strains of S. aureus were identified, 12 of them (48%) are capable of forming a biofilm, and 13 strains (52%) (not adhesive) are not had this ability. The study of the dynamics of biofilm formation by selected strains of S. aureus showed an increase in optical density (OS) during three days of cultivation, ranging from 0.143

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