scholarly journals MAGNETIC STIMULATION IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF DISEASES AND INJURIES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Igor V Litvinenko ◽  
Anton A Yurin ◽  
Daria N Frunza ◽  
Tatyana V Bodrova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Noninvasive Technique ◽  
Therapeutic Techniques

Magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive technique that allows you to directly stimulate the neurons of the cerebral cortex. Currently, transcranial magnetic stimulation is used as informative diagnostic and effective therapeutic techniques for the treatment of diseases and injuries of the nervous system. The article discusses the indications, contraindications and the recommended protocols for the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in certain diseases and consequences of traumas of the nervous system (bibliography: 37 refs).

scholarly journals Reliability of diaphragmatic motor-evoked potentials induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Welch ◽  
Patrick J. Argento ◽  
Gordon S. Mitchell ◽  
Emily J. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Noninvasive Technique ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Latency Duration ◽  
Excellent Reproducibility

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique to assess neural impulse conduction along the cortico-diaphragmatic pathway. The reliability of diaphragm motor-evoked potentials (MEP) induced by TMS is unknown. Notwithstanding large variability in MEP amplitude, we found good-to-excellent reproducibility of all MEP characteristics (latency, duration, amplitude, and area) both within- and between-day in healthy adult men and women. Our findings support the use of TMS and surface EMG to assess diaphragm activation in humans.

Tms in Migraine

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Schoenen ◽  
Valentin Bohotin ◽  
Alain Maertens De Noordhout
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Visual Cortices ◽  
Multidisciplinary Studies ◽  
Migraine Pathophysiology ◽  
Cortical Dysfunction

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to search for cortical dysfunction in migraine. Both, the motor and the visual cortices have been explored in this area. This article reviews and discusses the results of the various studies performed in migraine patients with TMS of motor or visual cortices. The majority of evoked and event-related potential studies in migraine have shown two abnormalities: increased amplitude of grand averaged responses and lack of habituation in successive blocks of averaged responses with decreased amplitude in the first block. These abnormalities suggest that the excitability state of the cerebral cortex, particularly of the visual cortex, is abnormal in migraineurs between attacks. The use of TMS to assess motor and visual cortex excitability has yielded conflicting results, which could be due to methodological differences. Taken together, all studies indicate that the changes in cortical reactivity are more complex in migraineurs than initially thought and suggest that both larger multidisciplinary studies and focused analyses of subgroups of patients with more refined clinical phenotypes are necessary to disentangle the role of the cerebral cortex in migraine pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Fields for the Regulation of Neural Stem Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengchu Cui ◽  
Hongfei Ge ◽  
Hengli Zhao ◽  
Yongjie Zou ◽  
Yujie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Us Fda

Localized magnetic fields (MFs) could easily penetrate the scalp, skull, and meninges, thus inducing an electrical current in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, which is primarily used in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for inducing specific effects on different regions or cells that play roles in various brain activities. Studies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have led to novel attractive therapeutic approaches. Neural stem cells (NSCs) in adult human brain are able to self-renew and possess multidifferential ability to maintain homeostasis and repair damage after acute central nervous system. In the present review, we summarized the electrical activity of NSCs and the fundamental mechanism of electromagnetic fields and their effects on regulating NSC proliferation, differentiation, migration, and maturation. Although it was authorized for the rTMS use in resistant depression patients by US FDA, there are still unveiling mechanism and limitations for rTMS in clinical applications of acute central nervous system injury, especially on NSC regulation as a rehabilitation strategy. More in-depth studies should be performed to provide detailed parameters and mechanisms of rTMS in further studies, making it a powerful tool to treat people who are surviving with acute central nervous system injuries.

scholarly journals USE OF TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION IN CHILDREN WITH CONSEQUENCES OF PERINATAL BRAIN LESIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Тимофеева ◽  
Olga Timofeeva ◽  
Алимова ◽  
Elena Alimova ◽  
Шпрах ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Neuroprotective Therapy ◽  
Stimulation Method

1249children of 5–10years (716boys, 533girls) with consequences of perinatal lesions of the CNS were examined, 230 of them were treated with the transcranial magnetic stimulation method (TMS). Selection of the TMS regimens was carried out taking into account the specific clinical neurophysiological features of the patients both as monotherapy, as well as a part of complex neurorehabilitation. For example, when intensifying of the synchronizing influences of tha-lamic structures and EEG signs of a delay of formation of electrical cortical rhythmicity, in children with developmental dysphasia and difficulties of school training, a high-pitched stimulation in the projection of the sensomotor and speech zones of a cerebral cortex was chosen; when intensifying of desynchronization influences of a reticular formation of a brainstem; at motor type of a developmental dysphasia and clinical signs of ADHD syndrome, a low-frequency regimen of stimulation of front-parietal and central areas of a cerebral cortex were chosen. Efficiency of therapy within 55–60% concerning indicators of the speech sphere and the psychological status is reached at sessions of TMS together with correctional occupations with auxiliary specialists of the rehabilitation center – speech pathologists and psychologists. Efficiency of monotherapy of TMS in children with retardation of psycho-speech development made 30–35%. Sufficient clinical performance and safety of the technique, a possibility of holding sessions of TMS against the background of course neuroprotective therapy at children with cerebral palsy is shown.

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