scholarly journals SIMULATION MODELLING POSSIBILITIES IN TEACHING ECONOMIC PROCESSES

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Pēteris Grabusts
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Simulink Model ◽  
Optimal Tax ◽  
Analytical Relations ◽  
Initial Research ◽  
Economic Studies ◽  
Acquisition Series

For the purpose of simulation models visualization of various economic disciplines, it is appropriate to use specialized programs that allow to characterize the nature of a particular model, but also make it possible to carry out a simulation model based on various parameters. This article substantiates the usefulness of introduction the simulation models at the initial research process, when simulation models can be imported parallel with analytical relations acquisition. Series of research were carried out in order to demonstrate the suitability of the Matlab Simulink for the purpose of visualization of various simulation models of various economic disciplines. Often, the analytical solution is much simpler than the visual Simulink model, but in the perspective of training purposes, it gives an understanding of the usefulness of such models. In the research part of the study the modelling capabilities in economic studies were demonstrated- adapted models in optimal tax rates computing and equilibrium determination in the competitive market.

scholarly journals VISUALIZATION CAPABILITIES OF SIMULATION OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Peteris Grabusts
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Analytical Relations ◽  
Set Identification

Educational experience shows that during the research process researchers perceive graphical information better than analytical relationships. Many economic courses operate with models that were previously available only in mathematics and physics disciplines. As a possible solution, there could be the use of the package Matlab Simulink in the realization of different algorithms both for engineering disciplines and economic studies. The article substantiates the usefulness of implementing the simulation models during the early stage of the research, when in parallel to acquiring analytical relations, simulation models may be introduced. The aim of the article is to show Matlab Simulink suitability for the purpose of visualizing simulation models of various economic disciplines.  To reach the aim, the following research tasks have been set: identification of Matlab Simulink possibilities for simulation of economic processes; demonstrate visualization models on the basis of examples; visualization of time series model using Latgale unemployment rate data. The article presents examples of using simulation modeling in the economic research processes - optimal tax rate searching and time series application. Common research methods are used in this research: descriptive research method, statistical method, mathematical modeling.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF SIMULATION MODELS VISUALIZATION IN TEACHING PROCESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Peter Grabusts
Keyword(s):  
Educational Research ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Graphical Information ◽  
Economic Studies ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Mathematics And Physics

Teaching experience shows that during educational process student perceive graphical information better than analytical relationships. Many educational courses operate with models that were previously available only in mathematics and physics disciplines. As a possible solution, there could be the use of package Matlab Simulink in realization of different algorithms both for engineering disciplines and economic studies. The paper presents examples of using simulation modelling in the educational research processes.

Welfarism, Libertarianism, and Fairness in the Economic Approach to Taxation

Taxation ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 37-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Fleurbaey
Keyword(s):  
Income Taxation ◽  
Fair Allocation ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Absolute Priority ◽  
Optimal Tax ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Utilitarian Approach ◽  
Selection Of

The economic theory of income taxation has recently been eager to apply philosophically prominent approaches to the selection of the optimal tax on earnings. This chapter presents and compares the consequentialist–utilitarian approach to taxation developed by Mirrlees and defended by Murphy and Nagel, to the fair allocation approach, as adapted to taxation problems by Fleurbaey and Maniquet. The fairness approach does retain an element of libertarianism and gives some value to market earnings. The two approaches have different recommendations for taxation, especially regarding low incomes, which are given absolute priority under the fairness approach, and may be submitted to lower tax rates out of respect for the diversity of preferences among the least skilled workers.

scholarly journals Simulation modelling of the rolling stock axle test-bench

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Raksha ◽  
Pavlo Anofriev ◽  
Oleksii Kuropiatnyk
Keyword(s):  
Test Bench ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Visual Programming ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Behavior Simulation ◽  
Programming Tools

Wheelset axles are essential parts of railway and mine site rolling stock. For fatigue testing of axles, various test-benches are designed to implement the cyclic loads. The effectiveness of test-bench vibration analysis grows with the use of numerical approach and simulation models created with the aid of visual programming tools. The purpose of the work is to develop and assess the proposed simulation models of test-bench dynamics created with the aid of visual programming tools. Based on mathematical models, the test-bench simulation models of the lever system vibration have been developed. Simulation models are created with the aid of Simulink visual programming tools running under Matlab system. For modelling the components of Simulink, the SimMechanics and DSP System Toolbox Libraries are used. The comparative analysis of proposed models has been made. For the first time, with the aid of Simulink visual programming tools, the set of test-bench vibration simulation models has been obtained in steady-state and transient motion modes for linear task formulation. The proposed S-models allow automation and visualization of the motion dynamics study for test-bench components in order to determine their rational elastic-weight, kinematic and dynamic behavior. Simulation of vibrations was carried out using design parameters of the test-bench metal framework.

scholarly journals Optimal Alcohol Taxes for Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Fogarty
Keyword(s):  
Relative Price ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Beverage Type ◽  
Optimal Tax ◽  
Pure Alcohol ◽  
Price Responsiveness ◽  
Current Alcohol

The 2010 Australian government tax review suggested Australia move to a uniform excise tax rate for all alcoholic beverages. Here, a model is presented and calibrated that shows the optimal per litre of pure alcohol (LAL) tax rates for beer, wine, spirits, and ready-to-drink spirits are substantially different to both current alcohol tax rates and the uniform tax rate recommended by the tax review. Specifically, given an individual consumer utility model, the best estimate values of the welfare maximising LAL tax rates are: $37 for beer, $11 for wine, $50 for spirits, and $77 for ready-to-drink spirits. The variation in the optimal tax rate across beverage types flows from differences in the externality costs associated with the consumption of each beverage type, and differences in the proportion of moderate consumption and abusive consumption associated with each beverage type. In addition, it is shown that the optimal tax rates are influenced by the range of costs that are considered to be externality costs, and the relative price responsiveness of abusers and moderate consumers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Freight Measures by Integrating Simulation Tools: The Case of Volos Port, Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Karakikes ◽  
Wladimir Hofmann ◽  
Lambros Mitropoulos ◽  
Mihails Savrasovs
Keyword(s):  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Decision Making Tool

Abstract Simulation modelling tools have been widely adopted for the evaluation of alternatives in transport planning, management and logistics. The complexity that underlies in transport systems and logistics necessitate the integration of different models that are capable of overcoming limitations that may exist individually to each model. Towards this direction, this paper aims to integrate two simulation software and use the integrated model for the evaluation of traffic and logistics measures in the wider area of Volos Port, Greece. The built model is able to simulate the traffic conditions on a transport network along with port’s intra-logistics processes and is used to evaluate a set of measures in the year 2030, by comparing it with the situation in the year 2030 without having implemented any new measure. For the evaluation, a set of indicators is used to gauge the environmental and transport impacts. The analysis is completed by using a multi-criteria decision making tool to generate the Logistics Sustainability Index (LSI) to summarize the information that is provided by the indicators. The results show that the use of integrated simulation models can provide a holistic impact evaluation of complex decisions with a high level of accuracy.

scholarly journals Targeted pandemic containment through identifying local contact network bottlenecks

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. e1009351
Author(s):  
Shenghao Yang ◽  
Priyabrata Senapati ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Chris T. Bauch ◽  
Kimon Fountoulakis
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Network Flow ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Contact Network ◽  
Contact Networks ◽  
Edge Betweenness ◽  
Models Of Disease

Decision-making about pandemic mitigation often relies upon simulation modelling. Models of disease transmission through networks of contacts–between individuals or between population centres–are increasingly used for these purposes. Real-world contact networks are rich in structural features that influence infection transmission, such as tightly-knit local communities that are weakly connected to one another. In this paper, we propose a new flow-based edge-betweenness centrality method for detecting bottleneck edges that connect nodes in contact networks. In particular, we utilize convex optimization formulations based on the idea of diffusion with p-norm network flow. Using simulation models of COVID-19 transmission through real network data at both individual and county levels, we demonstrate that targeting bottleneck edges identified by the proposed method reduces the number of infected cases by up to 10% more than state-of-the-art edge-betweenness methods. Furthermore, the proposed method is orders of magnitude faster than existing methods.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF REMOTE SENSING METHODS FOR NATURAL FIRE PREVENTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Almaz T. Gizatullin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Natural Fire ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

The study deals with remote sensing methods for natural fire prevention, provides analysis and systematization on the subject. It traces the historical development and demonstrates the diversity of the methods. The main development stages and their characteristics were identified taking into account the increasing number of the sources and types of remote sensing and deepening knowledge of the subject. Fire interpretation includes fundamentally different processes of ignition and fire spread. The concepts of fire danger and its factors were introduced, the ways for their selection and application in the methods were analyzed. The source data for the methods were defined: satellite imagery of various resolutions (Landsat, Sentinel, MODIS/Terra-Aqua, AVHRR/NOAA, etc.), UAV images, lidar data, as well as technologies to process those. The study demonstrates that the most commonly used are traditional methods of geoinformation analysis, simulation modelling and neural networks. The methods were described, features of their implementation were identified. The description includes specific examples of fire danger assessment methods based on GIS, simulation models of fire spread, fire prevention methods based on neural networks and their application for territories of different spatial levels – global, regional and local.

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