scholarly journals Fairytale Semantic Differential Technique: Diagnostic Possibilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.F. Petrenko ◽  
O.V. Mitina
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Semantic Space ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Semantic Differential Technique

The method “Fairy Semantic Differential”, during which a respondent should assess a number of fairy-tale characters according to a set of personal characteristics, is designed for the individual work of a psychologist with children 4—10 years old.Personality characteristics, according to which the characters are evaluated, are formulated by words that adults use when dealing with children of this age.An analysis of the child’s attitude to characters allows us to determine the specificity of his/her moral-value sphere.Quantitative indicators that can be calculated using the data of the answering the questionnaire are discussed.These indicators characterize the child’s attitudes toward oneself and others, dimension of categorial space of interpersonal perception, content and hierarchy of these categories, the level of cognitive development in this area, the degree of socialization.The results of an empirical study are presented.Age/sex differences in the cognitive complexity of interpersonal perception and socialization were shown.For each indicator normative intervals are calculated.Examples of individual semantic space are presented.

scholarly journals The Fairytale Semantic Differential Technique: A Cross-Cultural Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Victor Petrenko ◽  
Olga Mitina
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Semantic Space ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The “Fairytale Semantic Differential” method, in which the respondent assesses several fairytale characters according to a set of personal characteristics, is designed for individual psychological work with children 4–10 years old. Personality characteristics, according to which the characters are evaluated, are formulated in terms understandable to child respondents, i.e., these are words that parents and teachers use when dealing with children of this age. An analysis of the child’s attitude to a certain fairytale character makes it possible to determine the individual properties of his/her moral value sphere. Quantitative indicators that can be calculated on the basis of the data collected by the questionnaire are discussed. These indicators characterize the child’s personality, his/her understanding of interpersonal relationships, the dimensionality of the categorial space of interpersonal perception, the content of these categories and its hierarchy, the level of cognitive development in this domain, and the degree of socialization. The results of an empirical study that was conducted in Moscow, Baku, and Tashkent are presented. Age and sex differences were found in the cognitive complexity of interpersonal perception and socialization. Also, an example of individual semantic space is presented.

scholarly journals Psychosemantic Research into the Phenomenon of Risk

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Chalikova
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Psychological Aspect ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Affective Attitude ◽  
Differential Technique ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Subjective View ◽  
Semantic Differential Technique

The psychological aspect of risk constitutes one of the most discussed issues of modern interdisciplinary research. The profession of the psychologist implies a range of situations of risk for a specialist at various stages of career development. This article presents the results of a psychosemantics research into perceptions of the phenomenon of risk as seen by the students of the Department of Psychology. The findings clarify the peculiarities of the semantic sphere regarding the risks at the initial stage of acquiring the profession. The research was conducted in 2017. The sample comprised 60 students of the Department of Psychology. This research was based on the semantic differential technique modified by I.L. Solomin. We altered and extendedthe list of objects in accordance with the research goals. The results were processed by means of cluster and factor analysis. The analysis of individual clustering trees revealed rather significant semantic variability between the researched objects. A few subgroups of respondents were distinguished according to the individual peculiarities of semantic fields regarding the object ‘risk’. With the help of factor analysis, thespecifics of the affective attitude toward the object ‘risk’ were determined for both the whole sample and the individual subgroups of respondents. The psychosemantics approach completes the picture of the study into the psychological aspect of risk in professional activity and enables to identify the topics, which clarify the subtle nuances of the meaning of the notion ‘risk’ in the conscience of a specialist. Thus,there are vagueness and ambiguity of the subjective view of risk by psychology students, ambivalence of the affective attitude to risk, and a range of semantic subgroups toward the notion ‘risk’. Keywords: risk, professional risk, psychology of risk, risks of a psychology-related profession, situation of risk, subjective perception of risk, students, psychosemantics approach, semantic differential technique, semantic field

scholarly journals The Pragmatics of Cultural Codes in Literary text

2021 ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
Anna V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Semantic Space ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
History And Criticism ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual

The article discusses the pragmatic specificity of the cultural codes’ representatives in the literary text containing foreign language inclusions. Pragmatic approach in history and criticism of literature allows to identify the features of the decoding copyright process, their impact on the reader, as well as describe various language products and methods for coding literary communication as a whole. Ethnic identification, equated, including in person axiology, dictates the search for deep patterns in texts containing foreign language inclusions. The complex nature of such literary text is determined primarily by the fact that such text manifests assimilation aspects of the literary personality of cultural codes of other national affiliation. The consequence of the use of such lexical components is the actualization of markers of lingvoculture and deepening the pragmatic potential of the literary text. The relevance of the article is determined by the need to establish the status of cultural codes in the organization of the semantic space of literary text, in the transmission of cultural meanings, meaningful both in the individually-copyright picture of the world and in the functioning of the collective consciousness of the nation. The purpose of the article is to determine the pragmatic specificity of cultural codes in the literary text, influencing the receptive-interpretative activity of the reader, on the example of the implementation of foreign language inclusions as markers of cultural codes in the essay “Caucasian” (1841) and the fairy tale “Ashik-Kerib” (1837) by M.Yu. Lermontov. As a carrier of the world national painting, the author of the literary text, in the event of a certain literary plan, is able to use the means of two languages, and the individual-author’s picture of the world of such a literary personality is characterized by the dynamism determined by the representation of linguistic components, which also include foreign language inclusions (orequivalent vocabulary (realities, exotic, ethnographs)). The literary text, which presents other-speaking inclusions, specially reflects the historical, socio-political, cultural and ethical being of the ethnos, which ultimately determines the author’s desire to expand the aesthetic opportunities of cultural codes marked in a special way in such a text.

The (Mis) Education of Immigrant Children in Today’s America

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Gabriela E. Gui
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Immigrant Students ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Survey Interviews ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Education Classrooms

In today’s America, not every child starts on a level playing field, and very few children move ahead based solely on hard work or talent. Generational poverty and a lack of cultural capital hold many students back, robbing them of the opportunity to move up professionally and socially. Children of immigrants are especially at-risk because, in addition to facing poverty, race, geographical location or economic disadvantages, they are also confronted with failure due to their limited or non-existent English proficiency. This study focuses on the degree to which teachers in a mid-sized urban school district take into consideration the individual needs of immigrant children in the process of their education. The study also examines the preparation teachers have had to equip them with knowledge of best practices in teaching immigrant children, and the relationship between teachers’ practices, beliefs, and their demographic and personal characteristics (age, gender, years of experience, level of education, etc.). Quantitative data was collected via a survey. Interviews with teachers and one central office administrator provided data for the qualitative section of the study. The findings revealed that teachers, in general, appeared to lack knowledge of specific policies for mainstreaming immigrant students into general education classrooms; their use of effective teaching practices for working with immigrant children were limited; and most of the teachers had not participated actively in professional development that focused on teaching immigrant children.

The Role of Normative Information in Judgments of Others

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine H. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Average Person ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Source Of Information

When forming impressions of an other’s personality, people often rely on information not directly related to the individual at hand. One source of information that can influence people’s impressions of others is the personality of the average person (i.e., normative profile). This relationship between the normative profile and an impression is called normative accuracy or normativity. In this chapter, you will learn about the average personality, why it is important, the relationship to social desirability and what it means to have a normative impression, as well as correlates and moderators of normativity. More broadly, you will learn about current research and views regarding the normative profile and normative impressions as well as concrete steps for incorporating this approach into your future research on interpersonal perception.

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE TYPES OF SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE SITUATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
O. A. Belyaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Individual

The ideas of the article are based on the high social significance of discussing the practices of inclusive interaction in various spheres of life and ensuring the variability of approaches to the integration of children with special educational needs into the general education system. On the basis of the environmental approach in education, presented in the works of domestic and foreign authors, the basic principles are outlined and the general difficulties of the functioning of inclusive practice at the present stage are identified. The strategy of applying the vector approach to the examination and modeling of the environment of inclusive interaction and designing ways to improve it for the organization of psychological and pedagogical support of the educational process in school is justified. On the basis of the generalized results of the survey of teachers who organize the education of children with disabilities in non-specialized classes, the features and the type of relations that are currently developing in the joint education of schoolchildren with different educational needs during their integration into a single educational space are characterized. Using the methodology of psychological and pedagogical expertise of the school environment, the typification of the most characteristic influences exerted at modern schools on a child with a developmental disorder is carried out. The emerging dominant modality of the educational environment, its orientation to the development of relationships between teachers and peers, based on the priority of stimulating the activity of the individual with different degrees of manifestation of its freedom or dependence, is revealed. The article describes potential capabilities of each of the diagnosed types of environment in terms of its resources for ensuring freedom of choice of activities, stimulating activity, developing students' independence, and forming their personal characteristics. The diagnosed priority of creative and career-oriented orientation allowed us to draw conclusions about the currently established approaches to the inclusion of children with deviant development in the environment of normotypic peers.

Conspicuous consumption of luxury experiences: an experimental investigation of status perceptions on social media

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Siepmann ◽  
Lisa Carola Holthoff ◽  
Pascal Kowalczuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

Purpose As luxury goods are losing their importance for demonstrating status, wealth or power to others, individuals are searching for alternative status symbols. Recently, individuals have increasingly used conspicuous consumption and displays of experiences on social media to obtain affirmation. This study aims to analyze the effects of luxury and nonluxury experiences, as well as traditional luxury goods on status- and nonstatus-related dimensions. Design/methodology/approach After presenting the theoretical foundation, the authors conduct a study with 599 participants to compare status perceptions elicited by the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods, luxury experiences and nonluxury experiences. The authors investigate whether experiences that are visibly consumed on Instagram are replacing traditional luxury goods as the most important status symbols. Furthermore, the authors examine the effects of the content shown on nonstatus-related dimensions and analyze whether status perceptions differ between female and male social media communicators. Finally, the authors analyze how personal characteristics (self-esteem, self-actualization and materialism) influence the status perceptions of others on social media. Findings The results show that luxury goods are still the most important means of displaying status. However, especially for women, luxury experiences are also associated with a high level of social status. Thus, the results imply important gender differences in the perceptions of status- and nonstatus-related dimensions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that, in particular, the individual characteristics of self-actualization and materialism affect status perceptions depending on the posted content. Originality/value While the research has already considered some alternative forms of conspicuous consumption, little attention has been given to experiences as status symbols. However, with their growing importance as substitutes for luxury goods and the rise of social media, the desire to conspicuously consume experiences is increasing. The authors address this gap in the literature by focusing on the conspicuous display of luxury and nonluxury experiences on social media.

scholarly journals The optimum colour temperature for illumination of Japanese-style gardens in summer and winter

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Jia ◽  
T Misawa ◽  
M Takamatsu ◽  
S Hirobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Image Recognition ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Colour Temperature ◽  
Differential Technique ◽  
Vegetation Water ◽  
Semantic Differential Technique

Japanese-style gardens offer a wealth of spiritual and cultural value. In this study, we attempt to determine the optimum colour temperature for lighting Japanese-style gardens at night. We analyse the influence of a change in light source colour temperature on image recognition using digitalization and quantification with the semantic differential technique. In addition, we propose a new evaluation methodology for the semantic differential technique and examine the statistical significance of the results. We find that in summer, impressions of the optimum colour temperature for each element (vegetation, water, stone and structure) differ significantly, but in winter, because of the effects of snow, differences in the impression of each colour temperature are not as distinct. Moreover, the colour of the natural environment or overall season affects peoples’ preferred light source colour temperature.

The Communicative Force of Wagner's Leitmotifs: Complementary Relationships between Their Connotations and Denotations

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Hacohen ◽  
Naphtali Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Integral Method ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Musical Work ◽  
Differential Technique ◽  
Ring Cycle ◽  
Semantic Differential Technique ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Significant Factors

Wagner's leitmotifs were intentionally constructed as compact, discrete musical units charged with extramusical meaning. Should they be considered merely as arbitrary signifiers, whose signifieds are discovered only through the dramatic context of their appearance? The research reported here rejects this possibility, demonstrating experimentally that the leitmotifs bear inherent meaning. It is this meaning that grants them their communicative potential and provides a basis for the specific message given them in the setting of the specific musical work. A selection of nine representative leitmotifs from Wagner's Ring cycle was played to subjects during the course of a two-part experiment. The first part, which was designed on the basis of the semantic differential technique, yielded several significant factors that defined an inclusive connotative space. The second part of the experiment was designed and evaluated according to the "semantic integral" method, which was developed for the purpose of adding a denotative dimension, using titles given to the leitmotifs by the subjects. The results substantiated the existence of complementary relations between the connotative and denotative aspects of the leitmotifs. Findings of this sort should assist in explaining how the leitmotifs function within the dramatic context. The methods applied, as well as the findings arrived at, disclose, we believe, essential characteristics of the semantic structure of music in general.

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