scholarly journals Cognitive Deficits in Patients with Gambling Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-185
Author(s):  
T.V. Agibalova ◽  
O.D. Tuchina ◽  
O.Zh. Buzik ◽  
R.K. Potapova ◽  
V.V. Potapov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Cognitive Errors ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
Disorder Treatment

The paper provides a narrative review of cognitive deficits in patients with gambling disorder. We discuss several types of these deficits, namely, cognitive impairments due to deficits in executive functioning, impulsive and risky decision-making, gambling-related cognitive distortions, and cognitive errors in cognitive-behavioral terms. These deficits are reviewed from the perspective of their relevance for psychotherapy and the development of differentiated psychotherapeutic interventions for gambling disorder treatment.

scholarly journals Relating neural processing of reward and loss prospect to risky decision-making in individuals with and without gambling disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris M. Balodis ◽  
Jakob Linnet ◽  
Fiza Arshad ◽  
Patrick D. Worhunsky ◽  
Michael C. Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision

Cognitive profile of patients with Chiari 1 malformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
E. G. MENDELEVICH ◽  
◽  
R. G. KOKURKINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Cognitive Profile ◽  
Cerebellar Dysfunction ◽  
Chiari 1 Malformation

This paper presents literature review on cognitive impairments in patients with CM1, data on which began to be formed in the recent years. Data on the predominant deficit in the structure of executive functioning in patients with CM1 are presented. The genesis of cognitive deficits in patients with CM1 is most often considered in the context of cerebellar dysfunction and damage to the connections of the cerebellum with the prefrontal cortex, which leads to dysmetria of thinking and emotions. Data from other studies are presented that consider the role of additional factors of cognitive dysfunction in CM1, such as pain and emotional disorders.

Cognitive Deficits in Executive Functions and Decision-Making Impairments Cluster Gambling Disorder Sub-types

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Núria Mallorquí-Bagué ◽  
Iris Tolosa-Sola ◽  
Fernándo Fernández-Aranda ◽  
Roser Granero ◽  
Ana Beatriz Fagundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Gambling Disorder

scholarly journals Relating neural processing of reward and loss prospect to risky decision-making in individuals with and without gambling disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
Iris M. Balodis ◽  
Jakob Linnet ◽  
Fiza Arshad ◽  
Patrick D. Worhunsky ◽  
Michael C. Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision

Factors Influencing AAC Usage by Individuals With Aphasia

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Purdy ◽  
Aimee Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Communication Training ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Attention Memory ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Instructing individuals with aphasia in the usage of AAC strategies and devices is a challenging endeavor. Not only does this population present with a wide range of linguistic impairments, but many individuals also demonstrate cognitive deficits, which may adversely affect communication. This paper will summarize the wide variety of cognitive deficits demonstrated by individuals with aphasia, specifically attention, memory and executive functioning problems. In addition, we will review the impact of these cognitive impairments on communicative competence. Finally, we will discuss an intervention, the Multimodality Communication Training Program (MCTP), designed to address the cognitive impairments that influence AAC intervention.

Executive Functioning and Risky Decision Making in Young Male Offenders

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1213-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M. Syngelaki ◽  
Simon C. Moore ◽  
Justin C. Savage ◽  
Graeme Fairchild ◽  
Stephanie H.M. Van Goozen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Risky Choice ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision

Executive functioning (EF) deficits have been implicated in antisocial behavior. EF constitutes a broad selection of functions, and it is yet to be determined what specific aspects of EF are associated with antisocial behavior. This study examines IQ, EF, and related decision-making processes in young males involved with the criminal justice system and their age-matched male controls. The Risky Choice Task (RCT), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and tests taken from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) assessing spatial working memory, planning, and set-shifting ability were administered. Young offenders showed lower estimated IQ scores and perseveration of responding, as indicated by performance on the WCST. There were also specific EF impairments, such as problems in working memory and planning (CANTAB). Finally, young offenders showed more risky decision-making than controls did, particularly after a small win. The results on the RCT suggest altered reward mechanisms in young offenders, whereas the findings also support the notion of EF difficulties related to dorsolateral and ventromedial prefrontal cortex functioning. The implications of these findings for interventions with young offenders are discussed.

Cognitive Deficits and Predictors 3 Years After Diagnosis of a Pilocytic Astrocytoma in Childhood

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (21) ◽  
pp. 3526-3532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke K. Aarsen ◽  
Philippe F. Paquier ◽  
Willem-Frans Arts ◽  
Marie-Lise Van Veelen ◽  
Erna Michiels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Tumor Group

PurposeTo prospectively study cognitive deficits and predictors 3 years after diagnosis in a large series of pediatric patients treated for pilocytic astrocytoma (PA).Patients and MethodsSixty-one of 67 children were grouped according to infratentorial, supratentorial midline, and supratentorial hemispheric site. Intelligence, memory, attention, language, visual-spatial, and executive functions were assessed. Included predictors were sex, age, relapse, diagnosis-assessment interval, hydrocephalus, kind of treatment, and tumor variables.ResultsAll children with PA had problems with sustained attention and speed. In the infratentorial group, there also were deficits in verbal intelligence, visual-spatial memory, executive functioning, and naming. Verbal intelligence and verbal memory problems occurred in the brainstem tumor group. The supratentorial hemispheric tumor group had additional problems with selective attention and executive functioning, and the supratentorial midline tumor group displayed no extra impairments. More specifically, the dorsal supratentorial midline tumor group displayed problems with language and verbal memory. Predictors for lower cognitive functioning were hydrocephalus, radiotherapy, residual tumor size, and age; predictors for better functioning were chemotherapy or treatment of hydrocephalus. Almost 60% of children had problems with academic achievement, for which risk factors were relapse and younger age at diagnosis.ConclusionDespite normal intelligence at long-term follow-up, children treated for PA display invalidating cognitive impairments. Adequate treatment of hydrocephalus is important for a more favorable long-term cognitive outcome. Even children without initial severe deficits may develop cognitive impairments years after diagnosis, partly because of the phenomenon of growing into deficit, which has devastating implications for academic achievement and quality of life (QOL).

scholarly journals Dopamine and Risky Decision-Making in Gambling Disorder

eNeuro ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0461-19.2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Peters ◽  
Taylor Vega ◽  
Dawn Weinstein ◽  
Jennifer Mitchell ◽  
Andrew Kayser
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision
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