scholarly journals Perception of Visual Stimuli: Specifics of Eye Movements by Representatives of Different Cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
O.I. Shabalina ◽  
M.R. Contreras ◽  
L. Feng
Keyword(s):  
Gaze Direction ◽  
Bilingual Students ◽  
Verbal Protocols ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
American Students ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Indian Students

The present research explores the impact of native language on perception patterns of monolingual students from China, Russia, Mexico, the USA, and bilingual students from India. The research findings, obtained with verbal protocols, demonstrate statistically significant differences in the way representatives of different cultures perceive information and prove the hypothesis according to which the principles of sentence organization in native languages determine the focus of perception and gaze direction in individuals. In particular, with a = 0.01, 0.05 and 0.005 American students are focused on the object and demonstrate linear gaze direction, whereas Russian, Chinese, Mexican, and Indian students are focused on the field and demonstrate chaotic, unstructured gaze direction. Differences in perception patterns explain the co-existence of local and Western approaches to advertisement layout design in national and multicultural markets around the world, which makes them all in all an important issue for consideration in global advertising.

The information ethics perception gaps between Chinese and American students

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Ling-hsing Chang ◽  
Jim Q. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Information Ethics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Espoused Theory ◽  
American Students ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the impact of Chinese culture on the information ethics perception gaps between Chinese and American students. Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative approach, this study utilizes Kohlberg’s Cognitive Moral Development model and an open-ended questionnaire to measure and analyze the gaps among information ethics perceptions of students from Taiwan, Mainland China, Hong Kong, and the USA, and to assess the extent to which the gaps are influenced by Chinese culture. Findings Students’ perceptions of intellectual property, information accuracy, privacy, and accessibility (PAPA) are deeply influenced by national culture. Sub-cultures have significant impact on the perceptions. Political systems, history, and legal environment may also play a role in the differences of PAPA perceptions among the three Chinese societies. The study also revealed that accuracy and intellectual property are the most deficient areas of moral developments in both Chinese and American samples. Research limitations/implications The sample sizes from Hong Kong and the USA were relatively small due to resource and time constraints. In addition, the subjects from Hong Kong and the USA were a little bit older than the subjects from Taiwan and Mainland China due to the fact that universities in HK and USA tend to have more non-traditional students than in universities in Mainland China and Taiwan. Second, the questionnaire is a limited means of studying moral reasoning because the results are likely to reflect espoused theory rather than theory-in-use. Practical implications The educational implication of this study calls for a renewed approach to educate students on the importance of information ethics for the sake of sustained economic development. Originality/value The novelty of this research lies in its interpretation of students’ PAPA perceptions and fresh insights from a Chinese guanxi perspective.

Cross-cultural differences in the adoption of social media

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhoha A. Alsaleh ◽  
Michael T. Elliott ◽  
Frank Q. Fu ◽  
Ramendra Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross National

PurposeAs social media have become very popular and an integral part of the world economy in recent years, identifying factors that influence consumers’ attitudes toward social media sites has become a major goal of many researchers in academia and industry. This paper aims to identify factors that predict consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward usage of Instagram, a relatively new social media tool. In addition, it examines the role of an important dimension of culture – individualism vs collectivism –to determine cultural influences on the adoption of social media in the USA (i.e. an individualistic culture) and Kuwait (i.e. a collectivist culture).Design/methodology/approachData were collected from a convenience sample of undergraduate business and MBA students from Kuwait and the USA. To validate the measures for the constructs depicted in the conceptual model, the authors conducted an exploratory factor analysis using all items. They then conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to further evaluate the adequacy and validity of the measurement model. They also tested the hypotheses using structural equation modeling (SEM).FindingsOut of the nine hypotheses that were tested for significance, the SEM results indicated that seven hypotheses were significant. The results indicated a non-significant result between perceived critical mass is not a predictor of perceived usefulness and social influence to attitude.Research limitations/implicationsThe current study has some limitations that need to be recognized and can be used as guidelines for future research. First, college students represent only a portion of online users and may impact the external validity of our study. Hence, a more diverse sample with a broader range of ages, incomes, education levels, cultures and national origins would be advisable. Second, this study featured a dynamically continuous innovation (Instagram) rather than a discontinuous innovation. Third, other factors can be carried out to see other variables other than those described in this study to predict consumer’s attitude and intention to use the social media.Practical implicationsCultural characteristics such as individualism/collectivism would seem to be potentially useful when segmenting countries. The results of the current study indicate that the modified model is applicable to a cross-national group of social media users. This study demonstrates the impact of cultural characteristics on various technology adoption. Hence, managers must be aware that countries can be grouped according to the type of cultural effect within each. Each social media category, clusters can be formed consisting of countries that are expected to have similar usage patterns based on technological capability and social norms. By understanding the factors that influence each cluster of countries, firms can design customized social media programs.Social implicationsThis research provides valuable information to better understand the consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward the emerging social media landscape. Indeed, the popularity of social media has greatly changed the way in which people communicate in today’s world. In particular, Instagram has gradually become a major communication media for both social and business purposes. This research shed light into the factors that influence intentions to adopt social media across different cultures. It empirically examines the role of culture – individualism vs collectivism – by using two samples (i.e. Kuwait and the USA) to determine cultural influences on the adoption of social media in different cultures.Originality/valueUsing data drawn from Kuwait and US samples, this current study draws upon the theory of reasoned action (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975) and the technology acceptance model (Davis, 1989). The results of the analysis indicate that the modified model is applicable to a cross-national group of social media users. Moreover, this study demonstrates the impact of cultural characteristics on various technology adoption constructs in the model.

Color Connotations in Two Cultures; the Arabic and American Culture-A Contrastive Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Wafa Qtaishat ◽  
Dania Al-Hyari
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
American Students ◽  
University Of Jordan ◽  
The University ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact

Every color has many different meanings in different cultures. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to study the different meanings for the same color in two different cultures; the Arabic culture and the American culture. It is very important to understand what the impact of communication and color use. The researchers will focus on the use of colors in connotations. Consequently, the data will be collected by using dictionaries. In addition, the researchers will test the understanding of the associations of the selected colors. Therefore, there will be two questionnaires; the first one will be written for Jordanian students who are specialized in the English language, however, the second will test the understanding of American students who are studying Arabic at the language center at the University of Jordan for the meanings of colors in the Arabic culture. Finally, the researchers will discuss the results with providing some recommendations.

scholarly journals An Empirical Analysis of Subjectivity and Narrative Levels in Weblog Storytelling Across Cultures

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-128
Author(s):  
Reid Swanson ◽  
Andrew S. Gordon ◽  
Peter Khooshabeh ◽  
Kenji Sagae ◽  
Richard Huskey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact

Storytelling is a universal activity, but the way in which discourse structure is used to persuasively convey ideas and emotions may depend on cultural factors.  Because first-person accounts of life experiences can have a powerful impact in how a person is perceived, the storyteller may instinctively employ specific strategies to shape the audience's perception. Hypothesizing that some of the differences in storytelling can be captured by the use of narrative levels and subjectivity, we analyzed over one thousand narratives taken from personal weblogs. First, we compared stories from three different cultures written in their native languages: English, Chinese and Farsi. Second, we examined the impact of these two discourse properties on a reader's attitude and behavior toward the narrator. We found surprising similarities and differences in how stories are structured along these two dimensions across cultures. These discourse properties have a small but significant impact on a reader's behavioral response toward the narrator.

scholarly journals Broken voices or a broken curriculum? The impact of research on UK school choral practice with boys

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin R. Ashley
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Vocal Development ◽  
Apply Research ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

Work such as that of John Cooksey on boys’ changing voices has influenced choral practice in the USA and in certain UK youth choirs, but has hitherto had little impact in UK schools where many teachers continue to believe that boys’ voices ‘break’. Different practices are found across the independent and maintained sectors of secondary education. The former draws on the choral tradition associated with cathedral music. The latter tends, with notable exceptions, to subscribe to the populist media view that ‘boys don't sing’ or that singing by boys is individualised and the exceptional result of ‘X Factor’ style talent shows. In neither case is there much evidence of a systematic attempt to apply research findings to develop a structured programme of vocal development for boys in early adolescence. The paper examines case studies of different choral practice in schools where boys do sing, but as the result of enthusiastic teachers working in isolation rather than a systematic, research-based approach to boys’ singing development.

scholarly journals The power of signaling: presidential leadership and rhetoric over 20 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-678
Author(s):  
Timothy Kiessling ◽  
Thomas M. Martin ◽  
Burze Yasar
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Stock Market Volatility ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Negative Statements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the power of leadership rhetoric with a theoretical foundation of signaling theory. Past research mostly focus on followers and not other stakeholders and the authors attempt to fill that research gap. Design/methodology/approach The research explored nearly 20 years and 51,500 pages of information from US presidents and explored the impact on stock market volatility using generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity. Findings The research findings suggest that leaders can/do have a powerful impact on stakeholders. In particular negative statements will cause the greatest reaction due to risk adverse stockholders, neutral rhetoric will calm the market and decrease volatility and positive rhetoric was not significant. Research limitations/implications Past research suggests that a focus on the consequences of leadership rhetoric be explored and the research suggests that people do respond to powerful leaders, even if they are not followers. Also the authors filled a gap in regard to the impact of leader communication about economic and marketplace events. Practical implications Practitioners benefit from the research as they can focus upon the US presidents’ rhetoric and strategically apply the research as they can predict the movement of the stock market immediately thereafter. Originality/value Very little research has ever explored the impact of a leader’s rhetoric and the subsequent economic impact, and no one has explored in particular the president’s rhetorical impact (who is considered by many the top leader in the USA).

Analisis Pengaruh Penerimaan Pajak Daerah Dan Retribusi Daerah Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten/Kota Di Jawa Tengah

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Beta Asteria
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Local Government Budget ◽  
The Impact

This research deals with the impact of Local Tax and Retribution Receipt to Local Government Original Receipt of Regency/City in Central Java from 2008 to 2012. This research utilizes the data of actual of local government budget from Directorate General of Fiscal Balance (Direktorat Jendral Perimbangan Keuangan). Methods of collecting data through census. The number of Regency/City in Central Java are 35. But the data consists of 33 of Regency/City In Central Java from 2008 to 2012. Total of samples are 165. Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency were not included as samples of this research because they didn’t report the data of actual of local government budget to Directorate General of Fiscal Balance in 2009.The model used in this research is multiple regressions. The independent variables are Local Tax and Retribution Receipt, the dependent variable is Local Government Original Receipt. The research findings show that Local Tax and Retribution give the significant impact partially and simultaneusly on Local Government Original Receipt at real level 5 percent. All independent variables explain 91,90 percent of the revenue variability while the rest 8,10 percent is explained by other variables.Keywords: Local Tax, Retribution, and Local Government Original Receipt

Materialism and Green Purchase Intention: A Study of Urban Vietnamese Consumers

2017 ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Nguyen Thi Tuyet ◽  
Hung Nguyen Vu ◽  
Linh Nguyen Hoang ◽  
Minh Nguyen Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tpb Model ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

This study focuses on examining the impact of three components of materialism on green purchase intention for urban consumers in Vietnam, an emerging economy. An extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is applied as the conceptual framework for this study. The hypotheses are empirically tested using survey data obtained from consumers in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. The regression results show support for most of our hypotheses. The findings indicate that two out of three facets of materialism are significant predictors of green purchase intention. Specifically, success is found to be negatively related to purchase intention, while happiness is related positively to the intention. All three antecedents in the TPB model, including attitude towards green purchase, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control are also found to have positive impacts on purchase intention. The research findings are discussed and implications for managers and policy makers are provided.

The Impact of Internal Work Environment on the Retention of Healthcare Providers at Turaif General Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183-1199
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alrouili ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Internal Work ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

This study attempted to identify the impact of internal work environment on the retention of healthcare providers at Turaif General Hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In particular, the study aimed to identify the dimensions of work circumstances, compensation, and relationship with colleagues, professional growth, and the level of healthcare providers’ retention. In order to achieve the study goals, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach. The researcher used the questionnaire as the study tool. The study population comprised all the healthcare providers at Turaif General Hospital. Questionnaires were distributed to the entire study sample that consisted of 220 individuals. The number of questionnaires valid for study was 183 questionnaires. The research findings were as follows: the participants’ estimate of the work circumstances dimension was high (3.64), the participants’ estimate of the compensation dimension was moderate (3.32), the participants’ estimate of the relationship with colleagues dimension was high (3.62), the participants’ estimate of the professional growth dimension was weak (2.39), and the participants’ estimate of healthcare providers’ retention level was intermediate (2.75). Accordingly, the researcher’s major recommendations are: the need to create the right atmosphere for personnel in hospitals, the interest of the hospital to provide the appropriate conditions for the staff in terms of the physical and moral aspects for building the work adjustment in the staff, and conducting training courses and educational lectures for personnel in hospitals on how to cope with the work pressures.

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