scholarly journals TRANSLATION AS A MEAN FOR INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: THE LATEST LITERARY TRANSLATIONS FROM UKRAINIAN TO ROMANIAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Aliona Bivolaru
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Intercultural Relations ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Cultural Space ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this article is to present literary translations from Ukrainian to Romanian in the context of Romanian-Ukrainian intercultural relations. The specificity of translation is analyzed as a special type of interlingual and intercultural communication. It also considers the role of the translator as facilitator of the connections between different societies and cultures, highlighting the main translators from the contemporary period of Ukrainian literature in Romania, as well as the literary translations from the 90s to the 20th century, which have generated literary reviews and studies in the Romanian cultural space. In the same context for the lack of a complete image of the Ukrainian literature were given explanations in the consciousness of the Romanian reader. The article did not address the topic of the Romanian literary critics of the Ukrainian literature, who wrote works of great significance for the Ukrainian literature, but most of them are in Ukrainian, thus they did not contribute to a better knowledge of the Ukrainian literature among the Romanian readers. Starting from the idea that the Ukrainians over time had a different image in the eyes of the Romanians, from negative stereotypes, to better understanding the Ukrainian problems after the events on the Maidan and targeting of the Ukrainian problems by the Romanian media. Thus Ukraine became interesting for Romanians, hence the increased interest in literary translation, as one of the bridges that make the connection between the two cultures. The translation also facilitates the reader’s understanding and perception regarding the Ukrainian nation and the culture of the Ukrainian people.

Trust in the Workplace: The Role of Social Interaction Diversity in the Community and in the Workplace

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Cui ◽  
Ilan Vertinsky ◽  
Sandra Robinson ◽  
Oana Branzei
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Extending the literature on social capital development in the community, this article examines the impact of diverse social interactions (in the community and the workplace) on the development of social trust in the workplace, and investigates whether their effects differ in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Using survey data collected in Canada and China, the authors find that the diversity of one’s social interactions in the community is positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, and this relationship is not significantly different between the two cultures. Diversity of one’s social interactions in the workplace is also positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, though only in collectivistic cultures.

Benford in His Own Words

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Slusser
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Rhetorical Devices ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The Two Cultures

This chapter considers the series of essays Gregory Benford wrote for University of California Riverside's Eaton Conference from 1979 to 2009. It explores Benford's personal vision by connecting the various threads of his essays, including his analysis of J. G. Ballard's term of “experience” from the point of view of the “intuitionist” school of natural philosophy; the process of alien ingestion; the narrative and rhetorical devices needed to achieve what he calls that “falsely quiet” moment when the practicing scientist senses the possibility of alien encounter; the role of aliens in science fiction; his use of the cyberpunk phenomenon to denounce what he sees as the disturbing rise of fantasy as a cultural phenomenon; and the two-cultures gap in science fiction.

scholarly journals Sir Peter Medawar: science, creativity and the popularization of Karl Popper

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Calver
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Karl Popper ◽  
Literary Practice ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Public Role ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
The Way

Sir Peter Medawar was respected by scientists and literati alike. It was perhaps not surprising, then, that he would choose to involve himself in the ‘two cultures’ debate of 1959 and beyond. The focus of his intervention was the philosophy of Sir Karl Popper. However, Medawar's Popper was not the guru of falsification familiar from philosophy textbooks. Medawar's distinctive interpretation of Popper treated him instead as the source of insights into the role of creativity and imagination in scientific inquiry. This paper traces the context for Medawar's adoption of Popperian philosophy, together with its application before the debate. It then examines, within the context of the debate itself, the way in which Medawar attempted to reconcile scientific inquiry with literary practice. Medawar became increasingly convinced that not only was induction epistemologically unsound, but it was also damaging to the public role of the scientist. His construction of Popperianism would, he envisaged, provide a worthy alternative for scientists’ self-image.

scholarly journals Socio-Cultural Characteristics Found in Russian-Korean Translation of Metaphoric Expressions

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Seung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Short History ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Dynamic Activity ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Metaphoric Expression ◽  
Diverse Cultures ◽  
Additional Explanation

Abstract Translation is an act of communication across dissimilar cultures as well as a dynamic activity in which translators are required to make choices and decisions for the purpose of resolving problems. This paper draws on metaphoric expressions and their translations to recapitulate that the work of translation is not limited to the languages or the texts involved but is a dynamic activity that bridges two diverse cultures. Metaphoric expressions are non-literal, have implied meanings, and are used to emphasize a point or to enhance the expression’s impressibility. Furthermore, metaphoric expressions are affected greatly by the culture to which they belong because they are created through a complex interaction between object, image, and sense. Consequently, in order to properly communicate the true meanings of these metaphoric expressions, translators play the role of an active mediator by either replacing the metaphoric expression found in ST with a different but compatible metaphoric expression or by using non-metaphoric, descriptive expressions or by appending additional explanation. This paper uses Korean translations of metaphoric expressions found in Russian source texts as examples to discuss the socio-cultural differences between the two cultures, how these characteristics are revealed in Russian-Korean translations, and how these issues are overcome. Based on the research results, the paper also emphasizes that understanding the vastly different socio-cultural characteristics of these two cultures is essential to the field of Russian-Korean translation with its relatively short history, to not only improve the quality of translations but also for the field’s continual advancements.

scholarly journals The importance of picking Porter: the Royal Institution, George Porter and the two cultures, 1959–64

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert Cole
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Science And Society ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Future Role ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Scientific Director

This paper examines the cultural reasons why in 1964 the Royal Institution (RI) selected George Porter, who became the only person so far to have been Director of the Royal Institution (1966–85), President of the Royal Society (1985–90) and President of the British Association (1985–86) at the same time, to succeed William Lawrence Bragg as the institution's scientific director and resident professor. Porter was established as first choice by an inner group of RI Managers before the formal selection process began. In this article I argue that Porter won their favour by presenting himself, during his tenure as the RI's Professor of Chemistry (1963–66), as a candidate who fitted well with the Managers' ideas about the future role of the RI—ideas that were deeply influenced by the prevailing technocratic visions of ‘science and society’, particularly C. P. Snow's writings on the ‘two cultures’.

scholarly journals Conceptual Content of Bi- and Polylingual’s Everyday Mind in the Framework of Translation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Polina P. Dashinimaeva ◽  
Larisa M. Orbodoeva
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Conceptual Content ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Culture Bearers ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Target Culture

The project discovers a way one might explicate a conceptual content of everyday mind to finally reveal difference in modes of cognizing and thinking in the two cultures involved in translation. The methods applied in the study are an association experiment on the basis of most frequent words, conceptualization mode, and incorporating the data into a segmented translation act. The viability of the pilot project is supported by 18 basic frequent lexemes as stimuli to be further given associations in Buryat and Russian, and the processed data to expose versions of conceptual worldview. The paper shows that 80 bi- and polylingual students, who take part in the experiment, could be prototyped as the source and target culture bearers — the ones that contact in intercultural communication through the translator’s mediation. The final idea is to introduce and reinforce the importance of modeling translating process in the framework of new methodologies which show that not mere words but concepts are to be translated in communication

Pride

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-23
Author(s):  
Angeliki Athanasiadou
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Cultural Framework ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Metaphor And Metonymy ◽  
The Way

Abstract The aim of the paper1 is to discuss the linguistic and conceptual devices employed for the expression of the emotion of pride in English and Greek culture. The focus will be (a) on the way the emotion of pride is conceptualized in the two cultures, (b) on the way it is expressed, not only in terms of lexical entities but also in terms of expressions in which the two cognitive processes, metaphor and metonymy, feature, and moreover, how the interplay between them is realized, and (c) on the role of the emotion of pride in the English and Greek cultural framework.

Taijin Kyofusho and Social Phobia Symptoms in Young Adults in England and in Japan

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia A. Essau ◽  
Satoko Sasagawa ◽  
Junwen Chen ◽  
Yuji Sakano
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Taijin Kyofusho

The main aims of the present study were to compare the frequency of social phobia and taijin kyofusho symptoms among young adults in Japan and in England and to examine the role of family environment in the development of these two conditions. A total of 927 young adults (462 in England and 465 in Japan) between the ages of 19 and 24 were investigated. They completed a set of questionnaires that were used to measure social phobia and taijin kyofusho symptoms, as well as family background. Results showed that young adults in Japan reported significantly higher levels of taijin kyofusho and social phobia symptoms than young adults in England. Family sociability had a consistent effect on both social phobia and taijin kyofusho symptoms across the two cultures, but parental rearing attitudes showed distinct patterns between the two countries. This finding suggests that cross-cultural models need to consider familial factors that may be predictive across cultures and others that may be more culturally specific.

A Tentative Study of the Presentation of Culture in Present College English Textbooks

2011 ◽  
Vol 63-64 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Chun Mei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Communication Competence ◽  
College English ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
English Teaching ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
Intercultural Communication Competence ◽  
Foreign Culture ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
English Textbooks

Cultivating students’ intercultural communication competence( ICC) is the focus of college English teaching. As the textbook is seen as the major vehicle to transmit culture, importance has been attached to the presentation of culture in textbooks, which looms large in students’ ICC. Based on two surveys , the author finds that positive aspects of foreign culture and native culture are presented in textbooks, however, foreign culture is so much in proportion to native culture that ultimately results in students’ failure in ICC. Teachers shoul balance two cultures in teaching, and launch a dialogue between them on the basis of the choice , intergration and balanced utilization of the two cultures. With the two-culture-dialogue, students can promote their ICC effectively.

scholarly journals The Role of Departure States in Combating Irregular Emigration in International Law: An Historical Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-54
Author(s):  
Andrew Wolman
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Law ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Immigration Laws ◽  
Recent Origin ◽  
Migration Law ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article examines the evolution over time of attempts to establish an international law principle that States have a legal responsibility, at least under certain circumstances, to combat irregular emigration, defined as the exit of individuals who would be arriving at their destination in a manner that is not compliant with the destination country’s immigration laws. Through examination of contemporaneous statements and the travaux préparatoires relating to six separate negotiations, light is shed on the attempts to develop such a norm since the beginning of the 20th century, along with the evolving set of legal and ethical justifications that were used in these processes. The different practical and principled objections employed by States and civil society actors to oppose the development of such a legal norm are also examined. The article concludes that this historical perspective challenges current perceptions that home State controls are of recent origin, and that in fact international migration law is inherently progressive.

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