Features Results of ancient soils paleopedological studying near v. Troyanove on Kyrovogradschyna

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Zhanna Matviyishyna ◽  
Oleksandr Parkhomenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Modern Soil ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Siliceous Material

The old (Upper Pleistocene and modern soils inside of ancient settlement near v. Troyanove on Kyrovogradschyna (Ukraine) during complex archeological investigation with archeologist L.L. Zaliznyak. The paleopedological method with wide applying of geoarcheological approach was using for to set soil types, trends of development and changes of climate in time as result of comparing of ancient and modern soils. According to invitation of doctor of historic sincere archeologist prof. L.L. Zaliznyak authors studied Upper Paleolithic soils inside of ancient settlement near v. Troyanove on Kyrovogradschyna. The aim of studying were: to determined types of the buried soils; according possibility to reconstruct human habitation nature conditions of the last; to set trends of climatic changes in time. The publications which have attention to the trend of Holocene soils development; the profiles of ancient and inside of ancient v. Troyanove on Kyrovogradschyna. The aims studying were: to determined types of the buried soils; according possibility to reconstruct human habitation nature condition of the last; to set trends of climatic changes in time. The publications which have attention to the trend of Holocene soils development and profiles of ancient and modern soils were analyzed. The last were studied in the 3-th section, but only in the section 1 and 2 archeological artifacts were found out. In the section 1 siliceous material was laying lower of modern soil in Bug loess above vitachiv soil surface. In the section 2 modern chernozem had thickness 0,8-0,9 m and in lower part had erosion loud withBug loess where archeological material we concentrating in sediments. So, in the 1 section as well as in the 2-th section there were artifacts in the upper part of the Bug loess (about 24000 BP). Losses, that were keeping, according paleopedological (including micromorphological) data signs of formation in the cold or temperate-cold climate of steppe with spreading of rarely forest and bushes in the river valleys and gullies. May be there was the stage of sediments interraption between big loess and modern soil formation. In the section 3 background soil is represented by the Holocene chernozem about 0,9 m thick with clear Pk. Comparing modern and ancient soil (the last with siliceous material) allowed to conclude about grow warm conditions of climate for modern soil formation. In the modern time territory is disposing in the forest-steppe zone of temperate-warm climate, but in the Paleolyte conditions of temperate-cold or cold steppe climate were prevailed. More late investigations allowed to summary red data about nature conditions of habitant living in Kyrovogradschyna in the monography under redaction of L. L. Zaliznyak with coauthors Matviyishyna Zh. and S. Doroshkevich of 2013 “Ancient last of Novomyrgorodschina” (in Ukrainian).

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of Buried Holocene Soils in Siberia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubov A Orlova ◽  
Valentina S Zykina
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Holocene Climatic Optimum ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Two Stages

We have constructed a detailed chronological description of soil formation and its environments with data obtained on radiocarbon ages, palynology, and pedology of the Holocene buried soils in the forest steppe of western and central Siberia. We studied a number of Holocene sections, which were located in different geomorphic situations. Radiocarbon dating of materials from several soil horizons, including soil organic matter (SOM), wood, peat, charcoal, and carbonates, revealed three climatic periods and five stages of soil formation in the second part of the Holocene. 14C ages of approximately 6355 BP, 6020 BP, and 5930 BP showed that the longest and most active stage is associated with the Holocene Climatic Optimum, when dark-grey soils were formed in the forest environment. The conditions of birch forest steppe favored formation of chernozem and associated meadow-chernozem and meadow soils. Subboreal time includes two stages of soil formation corresponding to lake regressions, which were less intense than those of the Holocene Optimum. The soils of that time are chernozem, grassland-chernozem, and saline types, interbedded with thin peat layers 14C dated to around 4555 B P, 4240 BP and 3480 BP, and 3170 B P. Subatlantic time includes two poorly developed hydromorphic paleosols formed within inshore parts of lakes and chernozem-type automorphic paleosol. The older horizon was formed during approximately 2500–1770 BP, and the younger one during approximately 1640–400 B P. The buried soils of the Subatlantic time period also attest to short episodes of lake regression. The climate changes show an evident trend: in the second part of the Atlantic time period it was warmer and drier than at present, and in the Subboreal and Subatlantic time periods the climate was cool and humid.

scholarly journals First data on the age and formation conditions of secondary carbonate accumulations in upper pleistocene and holocene soils of Upper Angara region

2019 ◽  
Vol 486 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-732
Author(s):  
V. A. Golubtsov ◽  
A. A. Cherkashina ◽  
V. A. Snytko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Carbon And Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Middle Holocene ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Modern Soil ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Formation Conditions

The first data on the age of secondary carbonate pendants in the soils of the Upper Angara region are given. Based on the study of the conditions of occurrence, morphology, material and isotopic composition, three groups of carbonate kutans were identified. The direct 14C AMS dating of the coating’s microlayers allowed to determineintervals of their formation. Pendants of the first group were formed in the middle Holocene (3.6-3.3 kyr BP). The formation of coatings of the second and third groups took place in the second half of MIS-3 (24.1-23.3 and ~34-35 kyr BP, respectively). The paleoecological conditions reconstructed for the identified stages of the formation of carbonate pendants satisfactorily correlate with the climate changes in the region and the northern hemisphere as a whole, reflecting the influence of temperature and moisture fluctuations on the dynamics of soil formation processes. Comparison of the age of carbonate accumulations with the age of modern and buried soils shows that pedogenic carbonatecoatings in the soils of the Upper Angara region are a relict feature of previous stages of pedogenesis (MIS-3) and the first stages of modern soil formation, which began, apparently, in the middle Holocene. The close ratios of the composition of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in mid-Holocene and Late Kargin (MIS-3) coatings suggest that there is a similarity of pedogenesis conditions in these time intervals, primarily due to the relatively low temperature of pedogenesis and the duration of the seasonally frozen of soils.

scholarly journals HOLOCENE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN SOUTH-EAST ALTAI EVIDENCED BY SOIL RECORD

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Bronnikova ◽  
Yuliya V. Konoplianikova ◽  
Anna R. Agatova ◽  
Roman K. Nepop ◽  
Marina P. Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Sedimentary Sequences ◽  
Cryogenic Processes ◽  
Holocene Environmental Change

The soils of Russian Altai highlands were used as a paleoenvironmental archive, as a source of dating material, and as a chronostratigraphic marker to describe Holocene environmental change in the studied area. Based on calibration intervals of 14C dates obtained for buried humus horizons (11 buried soils in 6 studied soil-sedimentary sequences) and some dates from pendants of contemporary soils, following stages of pedogenesis were recorded in studied soil-sedimentary systems and surface soils: 6.4 – 11.5 ky cal BP; about 4.9-5.3 cal BP; 2.5-3.8 cal BP; 0.6 – 1.2 cal BP. All studied surface soils in the basins nowadays develop in cold, ultra-continental water deficit conditions: Skeletic Kastanozems Cambic, Skeletic Cambisols Protocalcic, Skeletic Cambic Calcisol Yermic. The most extreme conditions of soil formation within Holocene were within the last 1-2 kyr. All buried soils were formed in better conditions, more balanced in water, with higher biological activity, mostly within steppe or forest-steppe landscapes. Cryogenic features had been insisting all over the Holocene till nowadays. Water demandant cryogenic features are met in buried soils up to the age of 1-2 ky cal BP. In the last millennia cryogenic processes are suppressed, water demandant features gave way to those which can be formed in contemporary water deficit conditions: simple fissures, frost sorting, and shattering. At lower levels (Kuraj basin) more or less arid cold steppe conditions insisted within the most part of Holocene. Initial stages of soil formation were often ground water affected, or at least shortly waterlogged. At the highest positions humid and relatively warm Early Holocene stage of forest pedogenesis is recorded for the beginning of Holocene, and a Late Holocene (last 3-4 kyr) cold humid phase, presumably under mountain tundra and/or alpines. Microsedimentary intra-soil record in carbonatehumus pendants imprints fine fluctuations of soil water regime at initial stages of soil formation, controlled by local topography, and climatic changes in the second half of Holocene. General trends of environmental changes in the region recorded in soil and soil sedimentary systems are in well correspondence with other records of paleonvironment.

Soil and ecological division into districts of the Baikal region

2018 ◽  
Vol 940 (10) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. Belozertseva ◽  
A.A. Sorokovoj
Keyword(s):  
Baikal Region ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Soil Cover Structure ◽  
Reflecting Surface ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Made In

On the basis of long-term researches of soils in the territory of Russia and Mongolia soil and ecological division into districts of the Baikal region is carried out. At division into districts the whole set of an environment of soil formation was considered. On the map of soil and ecological division into districts 13 mountain, mid-mountain, low-mountain taiga, foothill, hollow-valley, forest-steppe and steppe provinces reflecting surface device originality as the ratio of balance of heat and moisture forming a basis to zoning is shown against the background of difficult orography are allocated. In total 42 districts on lithologic-geomorphological features are allocated. In formation of distinctions of a soil cover of these provinces the leading role is played by bioclimatic factors and inside them the lithologic-geomorphological ones. In the view of structural approach of the district they are considered as territories with a certain natural change of several types of the soil cover structure caused by features of a relief and the parent rock. The map is made in the MapInfo program. It is revealed that on ill-defined width zoning of soils the vertical one which has a greater influence on soils of this region is imposed. Soils of the Baikal region are not similar to the soils located at the same latitude of the flat European territory of Russia. Zone soils of this territory are specific and original.

scholarly journals A Lateglacial palaeosol cover in the Altdarss area, southern Baltic Sea coast (northeast Germany): investigations on pedology, geochronology and botany

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kaiser ◽  
A. Barthelmes ◽  
S. Czakó Pap ◽  
A. Hilgers ◽  
W. Janke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Vegetation Pattern ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Buried Soil ◽  
Nw Europe ◽  
Aeolian Sands ◽  
Sea Coast

AbstractA new site with Lateglacial palaeosols covered by 0.8 - 2.4 m thick aeolian sands is presented. The buried soils were subjected to multidisciplinary analyses (pedology, micromorphology, geochronology, dendrology, palynology, macrofossils). The buried soil cover comprises a catena from relatively dry (’Nano’-Podzol, Arenosol) via moist (Histic Gleysol, Gleysol) to wet conditions (Histosol). Dry soils are similar to the so-called Usselo soil, as described from sites in NW Europe and central Poland. The buried soil surface covers ca. 3.4 km2. Pollen analyses date this surface into the late Allerød. Due to a possible contamination by younger carbon, radiocarbon dates are too young. OSL dates indicate that the covering by aeolian sands most probably occurred during the Younger Dryas. Botanical analyses enables the reconstruction of a vegetation pattern typical for the late Allerød. Large wooden remains of pine and birch were recorded.

scholarly journals Soil Formation, Subaerial Sedimentation Processes and Ancient Cultures during MIS 2 and the Deglaciation Phase MIS 1 in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia (Russia)

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Galina Vorobieva ◽  
Nadezhda Vashukevich ◽  
Natalia Berdnikova ◽  
Ivan Berdnikov ◽  
Dmitry Zolotarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Initial Profile ◽  
Formation Type ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Soil Forming Processes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sedimentation Processes ◽  
Humus Horizons

The time of Sartan glaciation in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia, is comparable with that of MIS 2 and the deglaciation phase MIS 1. Loess loams, aeolian–colluvial sands and sandy loams represent subaerial sediments. There are four subhorizons (sr1, sr2, sr3 and sr4) in the Sartan horizon (sr). Sedimentary and soil-forming processes at different stratigraphic levels are considered. Differing soil formation types of cold periods are distinguished. Soils of the interstadial type with the A-C profile are represented only in the Early Sartan section of this paper. The soils of the pleniglacial type are discussed throughout the section. Their initial profile is O-C, TJ-C and W-C. Plant detritus remnants or poor thin humus horizons are preserved in places from the upper horizons. We propose for the first time for the interphasial soil formation type of cold stages to be distinguished. This is represented in the sections by the preserved BCm, BCg, Cm and Cg horizons of 15–20 cm thick. The upper horizons are absent in most sections. According to the surviving fragments, these were organogenous (O, TJ and T) and organomineral (AO and W) horizons. The sedimentation and soil formation features are considered from the perspective reconstruction of the Sartan natural and climatic conditions. Buried Sartan soils often contain cultural layers. Soil formation shows a well-defined periodicity of natural condition stabilization, which allowed ancient populations to adapt actively to various situations. Archaeologists’ interest in fossil soils is based on the ability of soils to “record” information about the natural and climatic conditions of human habitation.

scholarly journals Chemical and mineralogical composition of clay fraction found in Podillia upland haplic chernozems

2017 ◽  
pp. 278-292
Author(s):  
Igor Papish ◽  
Oleksii Telehuz
Keyword(s):  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Haplic Chernozems ◽  
Typical Chernozems ◽  
Chemical And Mineralogical Composition

The article presents data on gross chemical and mineralogical composition of clay faction found in typical chernozems occurred within the Podillia Upland. Geographical regularities of formation as regards clayey profile of Chernozems pertaining to the same genetic series are revealed. The relationship between conditions and Chernozem development stage, character of vertical differentiation of basic mineral phases of clayey plasma and its chemical and mineralogical composition are shown. Izoclayey profile of hydromicas is the consequence of their relative accumulation as a result eluviation of colloid-dispersible mica-smectite minerals. The character of clay profile observed in Chernozems is determined by the correlation of intensity of carbonates leaching, lessivage and soils argillisation. Typical Podolian Chernozems are characterised with the like weathering crust of silicate type. The modern Chernozem clayey profile originated mainly during a wetter stage of soil formation. In the ploughable layer a high content of clastic minerals (quartz, potassium feldspar, sodium plagioclase) is observed. Random mixed and stratified mica-smectite minerals with a high content (>50 %) of smectite packets (33–63 %), hydromica (33–52 %), and kaolinite plus chlorite (4–15 %) are present in the profile. The mineralogical composition of soils clay fraction indicates obvious signs of smectite eluviation and relative illite accumulation. Clayey profile of the Bug upstream plateau located within the Podillia Upland is atypical for Chernozems found in the eastern forest-steppe and steppe areas. The distribution character of layered silicates, especially smectite, is even more contrastive. Clayey plasma redistributes differentially through leaching and lessivage processes. Accumulative type of sludge deposits formed in Chernozems of the Dniester plateau located within the Podillia Upland, even profile distribution of basic oxides and molar ratios of SiO2 : Al2O3 and SiO2 : Fe2O3 against the background of decreased downward smectite content indicate weakened eluviation of fine-grained clays towards the Dniester. The prevalence of smectite over hydromicas within the entire profile indicates argillisation of Chernozems. Key words: Chernozem, chemical-mineralogical composition, clayey minerals, hydromica, smectite, kaolinite, leaching, lessivage, argillisation.

scholarly journals Dating of Holocene Stratigraphy with Soluble and Insoluble Organic Fractions at the Lubbock Lake Archaeological Site, Texas: An Ideal Case Study

Radiocarbon ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (2A) ◽  
pp. 473-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Haas ◽  
Vance Holliday ◽  
Robert Stuckenrath
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Marsh Sediments ◽  
Organic Fractions ◽  
Holocene Stratigraphy ◽  
Lake Site

The Lubbock Lake site, on the Southern High Plains of Texas, contains one of the most complete and best-dated late Quaternary records in North America. A total of 11714C dates arc available from the site, determined by the Smithsonian and SMU Laboratories. Of these dates, 84 have been derived from residues (humin) and humates (humic acids) of organic-rich marsh sediments and A horizons of buried soils. Most of the ages are consistent with dates determined on charcoal and wood, and with the archaeologic and stratigraphic record. The dates on the marsh sediments are approximate points in time. Dates from the top of buried A-horizons are a maximum for burial and in many cases are close to the actual age of burial. Dates from the base of the A-horizons are a minimum for the beginning of soil formation, in some cases as much as several thousand years younger than the initiation of pedogenesis. A few pairs of dates were obtained from humin and humic acid derived from split samples; there are no consistencies in similarities or differences in these age pairs. It also became apparent that dates determined on samples from scraped trench walls or excavations that were left open for several years are younger than dates from samples taken from exactly the same locations when the sampling surfaces were freshly excavated.

The Identification, Lateral Variation, and Chronology of two Buried Paleocatenas at Woodhall Spa and West Runton, England

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.W.G. Valentine ◽  
J.B. Dalrymple
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Lateral Variation ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Definite Evidence ◽  
Iron Mobilization ◽  
Buried Soil

Two buried paleocatenas were studied to determine some features and techniques by which buried soils could be recognized, and to define their pedological characteristics, their lateral variation, and their contemporary environment. At Woodhall Spa, Lincolnshire, a ferric podzol to sandy gley sequence was developed in sands under marine clay and fen peat. The peat was radiocarbon dated at about 4100 yr BP. The buried soil was evident from its obvious catenary character and the soil characteristics and contemporary environment were determined using sand mineralogy, micromorphology, and pollen analysis. At West Runton, Norfolk, an apparently similar ferric podzol sequence occurred in Beestonian sands and gravels under a layer of Cromerian organic muds. However, only the uppermost profile contained definite evidence of soil formation. Other lower profiles contained pseudosoil features produced by sedimentation or diagenetic subsurface iron mobilization. It is suggested that the occurrence of a paleocatena is the most important criterion for the identification of a buried soil. Sedimentation and diagenesis cannot reproduce this lateral variation.

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