scholarly journals EXTERNALITY ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABLE CATTLE BREEDING SYSTEMS

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cs. Fogarassy ◽  
M. Bakosné Böröcz
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Externality Analysis

162 EFFECT OF MEIOTIC ARREST USING BUTYROLACTONE I AND ROSCOVITINE IN RESISTANCE TO EMBRYO CRYOPRESERVATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
R. R. D. Maziero ◽  
D. M. Paschoal ◽  
M. D. Guastali ◽  
M. J. Sudano ◽  
P. N. Guasti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Embryo Cryopreservation ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Meiotic Arrest ◽  
Cell Groups ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Vitro Production

In vitro embryo production by maturation, fertilization, and culture has become a valuable assisted reproductive technology in cattle breeding systems. However, even with the notable innovations in this system, the greatest obstacles for the complete success of this biotechnology are the low pregnancy rates after transfer and the greater sensitivity to cryopreservation. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of the addition of a meiotic arrest using butyrolactone I and roscovitine on in vitro production of bovine embryos. Nelore oocytes were matured in TCM-199 with Earle's salt + 10% FCS, FSH, and LH, in 5% CO2 atmosphere. To delay meiosis, the oocytes were maintained for 6 h in medium in presence of butyrolactone I (BL-I) 25 μM + roscovitine (ROS) 6.25 μM. Then, the oocytes (Control n = 405; BL-I + ROS n = 386) were cultured for 18 h in agent-free medium to resume meiosis, completing 24 h of maturation. After 24 h of maturation (Day 0), oocytes were fertilized in human tubal fluid (HTF, Irvine, New Zealand) under the conditions above. Semen was selected through Percoll gradient and the concentration adjusted to 2 × 106 sperm mL–1. The presumed zygotes were culture in 90-μL droplets of SOFaa + 0.6% BSA + 2.5% FCS in 5% CO2 until Day 7, when the blastocyst rate was evaluated. We performed 5 replicates. Data were analysed with ANOVA, followed by Tukey test using the general linear model (PROC GLM) of SAS 9.2 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). The level of significance adopted was 5%. Statistical differences were observed in blastocyst production rate: Control: 42.64% and BL-I + ROS: 55.96% (P < 0.05). The remaining embryos (Control n = 163; BL-I + ROS n = 182) were vitrified, warmed, and recultured in SOFaa with 10% FCS for 12 h. After this period, re-expansion rate was determined. We found difference in re-expansion rates of groups (Control: 84.66% and BL-I + ROS: 93.40%; P < 0.05). Additionally, differences were found among total number cell groups: Control: 54.33 and BL-I + ROS: 97.5; P < 0.05). The use of BL-I + ROS is able to better a producing rate of in vitro embryos and improve the cryotolerance. The authors acknowledge FAPESP 2010/18994-4 and 2011/08926-4 for financial support.

Open nucleus breeding systems

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. James
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Selection Intensity ◽  
Base Population ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Discrete Generation ◽  
Nucleus Breeding ◽  
Open Nucleus

SUMMARYA theoretical analysis of open nucleus breeding systems, in which there is some introduction of breeding females to the sire breeding nucleus, is presented. Numerical analysis of a discrete generation model shows that the rate of genetic gain may be increased by 10 to 15% by opening the nucleus when selection intensity in females is low. In sheep and beef cattle breeding the optimal structure would be to have about 10% of the population in the nucleus, to get half of the nucleus female replacements from the base population, and to use all nucleus-born females not needed as nucleus replacements for breeding in the base population. The genetic gain, however, is not very sensitive to variation in these parameters. The rate of inbreeding in such an open nucleus would be about half that in a closed nucleus of the same size.

Correlations and repeatability between Babesia spp. infection levels using two dairy cattle breeding systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-607
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Giglioti ◽  
Henrique Nunes de Oliveira ◽  
Gunta Gutmanis ◽  
Guilherme Favero Luciani ◽  
Bianca Tainá Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Babesia Spp

scholarly journals Serological evaluation of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 in cattle-breeding systems on Colombia’s high plains

2016 ◽  
pp. 5381-5389
Author(s):  
Diana Vargas B ◽  
Alejandro Bohórquez G ◽  
Jorge Parra A ◽  
Jairo Jaime C ◽  
Agustín Góngora O
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Bovine Herpesvirus ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Bovine Herpesvirus 1 ◽  
Herpesvirus 1 ◽  
Distribución Geográfica ◽  
Cattle Farms

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Bovine herpesvirus – 1 (BoHV- 1) and Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) neutralizing antibodies in herds on the Colombian high plains and their correlation with the level of cross-protection against both herpesviruses. Materials and methods. This study was carried out on cattle farms located around the towns of Puerto López and Puerto Gaitán in Colombia’s Meta department. Sampling was made by convenience. Twenty-three farms were involved in the study; 488 sera samples were taken by random sampling. Virus neutralization test were performed according to the protocols of the OIE. Each serum was evaluated independently for each virus, BoHV-1 and BoHV-5. Results. The serological test confirmed the presence of BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 infections in the Colombian bovine population in 100% and 73.9% respectively. However, crossreaction for both viruses was not evident in all farms evaluated. Conclusions. Alpha-herpesviruses are amongst the most significant infectious agents affecting cattle. Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is found throughout the whole world and is endemic in Colombian bovine population, whereas bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) has limited geographical distribution, mainly being reported in South-America (Brazil and Argentina), and we also confirmed the presence of BoHV-5 in Colombia.Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia de anticuerpos para herpesvirus bovino 1 (BoHV-1) y herpesvirus bovino 5 (BoHV-5), así como también determinar el nivel de protección cruzada contra los dos herpesvirus en hatos de la altillanura colombiana. Materiales y métodos. Este estudio se realizó en fincas ubicadas en los municipios de Puerto López y Puerto Gaitán departamento del Meta. Se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia. Se emplearon 23 fincas, donde se realizó un muestreo al azar en cada una para un total de 488 muestras. Las muestras de suero fueron analizadas mediante sero-neutralización viral empleando los protocolos de la OIE. Cada uno de los sueros fue evaluado de manera independiente para cada uno de los virus BoHV-1 y BoHV-5. Resultados. Mediante la sero-neutralización viral se confirmó la presencia de BoHV-1 y BoHV-5 en la población bovina colombiana en 100% y 73.9%, respectivamente. Sin embargo, la reactividad 2016 cruzada no fue evidente en todas las fincas evaluadas. Conclusiones. Los alfa-herpesvirus bovinos se encuentran entre los agentes infecciosos más importantes del ganado bovino. Particularmente, el herpesvirus bovino 1 (BoHV-1) presenta una distribución mundial, siendo endémico en la población bovina colombiana, mientras que el herpesvirus bovino 5 (BoHV-5), presenta una distribución geográfica limitada; reportándose principalmente en Suramérica (Brasil y Argentina), comprobándose la presencia de este en los hatos colombianos.

Impact of cloning on cattle breeding systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. McClintock
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Tissue ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Family Testing ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
The Cost

The concept of clone-family testing is compared with existing progeny testing systems. The critical factors that will decide how cloning is utilized are the potential size of cloned families, and the cost per embryo (or per calf born). If family sizes of 100 000 become routinely achievable (cheaply), then clone testing becomes viable. In rough figures, cloned embryos costing $30 with a 50% calving rate would be attractive to farmers and would be cheap enough that farmers would buy more (crossbred) embryos in order to breed further replacement cows. At $300 per embryo, farmers would be more inclined to buy a number of cloned pure-bred female embryos and then to use conventional artificial insemination to breed further replacements from these superior cows. At $3000 per embryo, farmers would probably only be interested in very small numbers of cloned animals, most of which would be males. The relative importance of adult versus fetal cloning is discussed. The need for gene banks to preserve genetic variation is emphasized; both gametes and somatic tissue cultures should be considered.

scholarly journals Development of New Technologies for Cattle Breeding Systems Taking Into Account Sustainable Environmental Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Jan Barwicki ◽  
Maciej Kuboń ◽  
Andrzej Marczuk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Housing Systems

AbstractProperly designed housing buildings, with regard to reduction of a negative influence on environment, are necessary for ensuring sustainable development in agriculture. The objective of this paper was to show the results of environmental conditions research on high milk yield dairy cattle in different housing systems. Temperature and relative humidity of air and concentrations of harmful gases − ammonia and carbon dioxide accompanying them were investigated.

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