scholarly journals RESULTS OF THE USE TGFΒ3 FOR MODIFY CELL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCT RECOVERY THE DEFECT OF THE ARTICULAR HYALINE CARTILAGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
M.S. Bozhokin ◽  
S.A. Bozhkova ◽  
G.I. Netylko ◽  
L.O. Anisimova ◽  
D.G. Nakonechnyj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Cell Engineering ◽  
Modify Cell

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF RAT HYALINE CARTILAGE SURFACE DEFECT REPLACEMENT WITH A CELL ENGINEERING STRUCTURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Михаил Сергеевич Божокин ◽  
Cветлана Анатольевна Божкова ◽  
Георгий Иванович Нетылько ◽  
Дмитрий Георгиевич Наконечный ◽  
Миральда Ивановна Блинова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Defect ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Cell Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Surface ◽  
Engineering Structure ◽  
A Cell

Programmable in vitro Co-Encapsidation of Guest Proteins Inside Protein Nanocages

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor H. Dashti ◽  
Rufika S. Abidin ◽  
Frank Sainsbury
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Cell Engineering ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Protein Cages

Bioinspired self-sorting and self-assembling systems using engineered versions of natural protein cages have been developed for biocatalysis and therapeutic delivery. The packaging and intracellular delivery of guest proteins is of particular interest for both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> cell engineering. However, there is a lack of platforms in bionanotechnology that combine programmable guest protein encapsidation with efficient intracellular uptake. We report a minimal peptide anchor for <i>in vivo</i> self-sorting of cargo-linked capsomeres of the Murine polyomavirus (MPyV) major coat protein that enables controlled encapsidation of guest proteins by <i>in vitro</i> self-assembly. Using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) we demonstrate the flexibility in this system to support co-encapsidation of multiple proteins. Complementing these ensemble measurements with single particle analysis by super-resolution microscopy shows that the stochastic nature of co-encapsidation is an overriding principle. This has implications for the design and deployment of both native and engineered self-sorting encapsulation systems and for the assembly of infectious virions. Taking advantage of the encoded affinity for sialic acids ubiquitously displayed on the surface of mammalian cells, we demonstrate the ability of self-assembled MPyV virus-like particles to mediate efficient delivery of guest proteins to the cytosol of primary human cells. This platform for programmable co-encapsidation and efficient cytosolic delivery of complementary biomolecules therefore has enormous potential in cell engineering.

scholarly journals Intermittent hypoxia inhibits mandibular cartilage growth with reduced TGF-β and SOX9 expressions in neonatal rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kochakorn Lekvijittada ◽  
Jun Hosomichi ◽  
Hideyuki Maeda ◽  
Haixin Hong ◽  
Chidsanu Changsiripun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cartilage Growth ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

AbstractIntermittent hypoxia (IH) has been associated with skeletal growth. However, the influence of IH on cartilage growth and metabolism is unknown. We compared the effects of IH on chondrocyte proliferation and maturation in the mandibular condyle fibrocartilage and tibial hyaline cartilage of 1-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats. The rats were exposed to normoxic air (n = 9) or IH at 20 cycles/h (nadir, 4% O2; peak, 21% O2; 0% CO2) (n = 9) for 8 h each day. IH impeded body weight gain, but not tibial elongation. IH also increased cancellous bone mineral and volumetric bone mineral densities in the mandibular condylar head. The mandibular condylar became thinner, but the tibial cartilage did not. IH reduced maturative and increased hypertrophic chondrocytic layers of the middle and posterior mandibular cartilage. PCR showed that IH shifted proliferation and maturation in mandibular condyle fibrocartilage toward hypertrophic differentiation and ossification by downregulating TGF-β and SOX9, and upregulating collagen X. These effects were absent in the tibial growth plate hyaline cartilage. Our results showed that neonatal rats exposed to IH displayed underdeveloped mandibular ramus/condyles, while suppression of chondrogenesis marker expression was detected in the growth-restricted condylar cartilage.

Usefulness of collaboration between mathematical models and cell engineering for elucidating complex disease mechanisms and discover effective drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kohjitani ◽  
A Kashiwa ◽  
T Makiyama ◽  
F Toyoda ◽  
Y Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Cell Engineering ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Patch Clamp Technique ◽  
In Silico Model

Abstract Background A missense mutation, CACNA1C-E1115K, located in the cardiac L-type calcium channel (LTCC), was recently reported to be associated with diverse arrhythmias. Several studies reported in-vivo and in-vitro modeling of this mutation, but actual mechanism and target drug of this disease has not been clarified due to its complex ion-mechanisms. Objective To reveal the mechanism of this diverse arrhythmogenic phenotype using combination of in-vitro and in-silico model. Methods and results Cell-Engineering Phase: We generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) from a patient carrying heterozygous CACNA1C-E1115K and differentiated into cardiomyocytes. Spontaneous APs were recorded from spontaneously beating single cardiomyocytes by using the perforated patch-clamp technique. Mathematical-Modeling Phase: We newly developed ICaL-mutation mathematical model, fitted into experimental data, including its impaired ion selectivity. Furthermore, we installed this mathematical model into hiPSC-CM simulation model. Collaboration Phase: Mutant in-silico model showed APD prolongation and frequent early afterdepolarization (EAD), which are same as in-vitro model. In-silico model revealed this EAD was mostly related to robust late-mode of sodium current occurred by Na+ overload and suggested that mexiletine is capable of reducing arrhythmia. Afterward, we applicated mexiletine onto hiPSC-CMs mutant model and found mexiletine suppress EADs. Conclusions Precise in-silico disease model can elucidate complicated ion currents and contribute predicting result of drug-testing. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists

The Reliability of Ultrasound in the Assessment of Hyaline Cartilage in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Healthy Metacarpal Heads

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Cipolletta ◽  
Emilio Filippucci ◽  
Andrea Di Matteo ◽  
Giulia Tesei ◽  
Micaela Ana Cosatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Cartilage Thickness ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Very High Frequency ◽  
Observer Reliability

Abstract Purpose i) To assess the inter- and intra-observer reliability of ultrasound (US) in the evaluation of the hyaline cartilage (HC) of the metacarpal head (MH) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in healthy subjects (HS) both qualitatively and quantitatively. ii) To calculate the smallest detectable difference (SDD) of the MH cartilage thickness measurement. iii) To correlate the qualitative scoring system and the quantitative assessment. Materials and Methods US examination was performed on 280 MHs of 20 patients with RA and 15 HS using a very high frequency probe (up to 22 MHz). HC status was evaluated both qualitatively (using a five-grade scoring system) and quantitatively (using the average value of the longitudinal and transverse measures). The HC of MHs from II to V metacarpophalangeal joint of both hands were scanned independently on the same day by two rheumatologists to assess inter-observer reliability. All subjects were re-examined using the same scanning protocol and the same US setting by one sonographer after a week to assess intra-observer reliability. Results The inter-observer agreement and intra-observer agreement were moderate to substantial (k = 0.66 and k = 0.73) for the qualitative scoring system and high (ICC = 0.93 and ICC = 0.94) for the quantitative assessment. The SDD of the MH cartilage thickness measurement was 0.09 mm. A significant correlation between the two scoring systems was found (r = –0.35; p < 0.001). Conclusion The present study describes the main methodological issues of HC assessment. Using a standardized protocol, both the qualitative and the quantitative scoring systems can be reliable.

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