scholarly journals Effects Of Amitryptilin Administration on Rat Sera and Brain Beta-endorphins

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radivoj Jadrić ◽  
Sabaheta Hasić ◽  
Emina Kiseljaković ◽  
Jovan Radovanović ◽  
Emina Ićindić-Nakaš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Antidepressive Drugs ◽  
Beta Endorphins

The aim of our study was to establish the influence of antidepressive drugs on serum and brain beta-endorphins in experimental animals. Experiment was performed on albino Wistar rats. Antidepressant amitryptiline was used, and for quantification of sera and brain beta-endorphins RIA technique. Our results showed difference between sera and brain beta-endorphins concentration in amitryptiline pretreated animals, vs. those in serum and brain of control group treated with 0.95% NaCl. This study shows that use of psychoactive drugs have influence on sera and brain beta-endorphins concentration. Beta-endorphins could be of great importance, used as markers for evaluation of antidepressant drug effects.

scholarly journals Comparison of Trazodone, Diazepame and Dibenzepine Influences on Rat Brain Beta-Endorphins Content

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radivoj Jadrić ◽  
Sabaheta Hasić ◽  
Emina Kiseljaković ◽  
Mira Winterhalter-Jadrić
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Beta Endorphins

The aim of our study was to establish the extent of influence of different psychotropic drugs to brain β-endorphins in experimental animals. The study was performed on albino Wistar rats (weight 250 g), treated with different psychoactive drugs. RIA technique was employed for quantification of brain β-endorphins. Brain β-endorphins were higher in experiment group treated with trazodone (929 pg/g ± 44,43; X±SD), and dibenzepine (906,63 pg/g ± 74,06), yet with lower brain content in rats treated with diazepame (841,55 pg/g ± 68,47), compared to brain β-endorphins content of control group treated with saline solution (0,95% NaCl) (873,5 pg/g ± 44,89). Significant differences were obtained comparing brain β-endorphins of trazodone vs. diaze-pame treated animals, with diazepame group having lower values (p<0,02). This study showed differences in changes of rat brain β-endorphins contents when different psy-choactive drugs are used. Therefore, we consider that β-endorphins could be used for evaluation of effects of psychoactive drugs, as a useful parameter in therapy with these psycho pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals ß-endorphins as Possible Markers for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radivoj Jadrić ◽  
Emina Kiseljaković ◽  
Sabaheta Hasić ◽  
Mira Winterhalter-Jadrić
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
Antidepressive Drugs ◽  
Beta Endorphins

This study was performed in order to investigate possible role of brain beta-endorphins as markers of antidepressive drugs therapy monitoring. Experiment was done using amitriptyline and trazodone as antidepressants. For quantification of brain beta-endorphins we used RIA technique. Our results showed significant decrease of brain beta-endorphins concentration in drug-pretreated animals, vs. those in of control group treated with 0,95% NaCl. The lower values were obtained in trazodone pre-treated animals. This study shows that use of psychoactive drugs have influence on brain beta-endorphins concentration. beta-endorphins could be of great importance, used as markers for evaluation of patient treatment.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF IMMUNOMODULATORY POTENTIAL OF AN AYURVEDIC FORMULATION, NIROCIL SYRUP IN WISTAR RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
DINESH DILIP GHADIGAONKAR ◽  
MUKESH B CHAWDA ◽  
KAPIL S THAKUR
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Animal Ethics ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Differential Leukocyte Count ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Prior Approval ◽  
Hemagglutination Titer ◽  
Immunomodulatory Potential

Objective: This study aims to assess the immunomodulatory potential of an Ayurvedic formulation, Nirocil syrup, in Wistar rats. Methods: The experiments were conducted on Wistar rats with prior approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. Nirocil syrup was administered for 6 weeks to experimental animals. Parameters such as hemagglutination titer, histopathology of immunological organs, complete blood count, differential leukocyte count, and immunological paw edema were recorded and compared with controlled (untreated) and becozinc treated groups. Results: Nirocil treated group significantly enhanced the antibody titer in comparison to the control group. The results are supported by the increase in blood lymphocyte count and antigenic stimulation in immunological organs (spleen). Nirocil syrup enhanced antibody formation and suppressed the immunological edema in experimental animals. Conclusions: The study concludes that the Ayurvedic formulation Nirocil syrup has immunopotentiating activity.

scholarly journals Microanatomical and biochemical changes of the cerebellum following ethanol gavage in adult Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1662-1669
Author(s):  
I.M. Usman ◽  
I.A. Iliya ◽  
A.E. Ivang ◽  
F Ssempijja ◽  
A.O. Ojewale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Ethanol Exposure ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Dose Dependent

Ethanol consumption has been linked with social and medical problems, coupled with damage of multiple organs including the cerebellum. The present study is aimed at investigating the histological and biochemical changes in the cerebellum of Wistar rats associated with ethanol exposure. The experimental animals were grouped into five groups designated as Group 1 which served as the control group and was given distilled water, Groups 2,3,4 and 5were given 40%, 25%, 12% and 5% v/v of ethanol respectively. Each of the experimental animals was administered 10mls/kg body weight of the stock solution for 42days after which the animals were sacrificed humanely. The cerebellum was removed, fixed in Bouins fluid for histological study while brain homogenates were prepared and used for the biochemical studies. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD Post-Hoc comparison test was used to determine where the difference lies. Oxidative stress studies showed significant increase and decrease in some oxidative stress markers when compared to the control group (p<0.05). The sialic acid studies showed a dose dependent decrease in the mean sialic acid concentration of the cerebellum across the groups when compared to the control (p<0.05). The histological studies showed the following changes; necrotic Purkinje cells with reduced linear distribution of Purkinje cells, in section of the cerebellar tissue of rats in Groups 2 and 3 with sections from Groups 4 and 5 remaining relatively normal when compared to the slide from the control group. Exposure to ethanol from the present studies showed a dose dependent effect on the cerebellum, as manifested in the histological and biochemical studies.Keywords: Ethanol gavage, Histological, Biochemical changes, Cerebellum

scholarly journals Dynamics of blood morphological indicators of Wistar line rats under parenteral BLV infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
A. V. Krasnikov ◽  
A. S. Belyakova ◽  
E. S. Krasnikova
Keyword(s):  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Intraperitoneal Infection ◽  
Experimental Group

Hematological studies of Wistar rats with intraperitoneal infection of their lymphocytes from BLV-infected cows revealed markers characteristic of the leukemic process induced by the pathogen enzootic leukemia in cattle. In 75% of experimental animals, lymphocytic leukemia and neutropenia were detected. The number of lymphocytes in the blood of rats of the experimental group was 17-36 % more than in the control group, leukocytes in average by 30 %. The animals of the experimental group showed signs of erythrocyte aplasia, hemolytic or aplastic anemia. Allergy markers were observed in individual rats. This allows us to recommend an intraperitoneal method of infecting laboratory rats with suspended lymphocytes from infected livestock for rapid and informative reproduction of experimental BLV infection.

scholarly journals Histopathological Changes in Gastrointestinal Tissues of Wistar Rats Administered with Methanolic Leaf Extract of Caladium bicolor (Araceae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Dayo Rotimi Omotoso ◽  
Adeniran Oluwadamilare Akinola ◽  
Ibifuro Brown
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Toxic Potential

To assess the effect of methanolic leaf extract of Caladium bicolor on the histomorphology of gastrointestinal tissues of experimental animals. Twenty four Wistar rats (weighing between 175-190 g) were randomly and equally divided into four groups which include one control group (CG) and three treatment groups (TG I, TG II and TG III). The CG was administered with distilled water [2 ml/kg body weight (b.w.)] while TGs I, II and III were administered with 100 ml/kg, 200 ml/kg and 300 ml/kg (b.w.) of C. bicolor extract respectively. All administrations were done orally and once daily for a period of thirty days. The body weight of all animals was recorded at the beginning and end of study. After the period of study, gastric and small intestinal tissues of experimental animals were harvested, processed, converted to tissue blocks and sectioned. Tissue sections were stained using Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) technique. Thereafter, stained sections microscopically examined for observable histopathological changes within study tissues. The results of this study showed that exposure to C. bicolor extract causes significant (p < 0.05) body weight loss in TGs I-III compared to CG. In addition, prominent histopathological changes were observed in gastrointestinal tissues of experimental animals in TGs I-III including gastric mucosal surface erosion and intestinal villi degeneration compared to normal gastrointestinal histomorphology of CG animals. These histopathological changes may be associated with toxic effect of phytochemicals constituents of the extract. Therefore, its application for therapeutic purposes needs to be thoroughly re-validated or perhaps disallowed where alternative therapeutic agents with minimal toxic potential exist.

scholarly journals The oxygen-induced retinopathy as an experimental model of retinopathy of prematurity

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Aleksandrovna Konikova ◽  
Vladimir Vsevolodovich Brzheskiy ◽  
Yelena Pavlovna Fedotova ◽  
Ruslan Abdulayevich Nasyrov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Oxygen Induced Retinopathy ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Experimental Group

The experimental model of retinopathy of prematurity was developed on the base of an oxygen-induced retinopathy in newborn. Wistar rats. This model was meant to investigate histopathological and functional manifestations of the disease. The study was performed on 60 newborn Wistar rats. The main experimental group included 34 animals with induced retinopathy of prematurity, the control group — 26 experimental animals. The predominating morphological manifestations of the oxygen-induced retinopathy were photoreceptor apoptosis, and the development of pathological intraretinal vascularization. Histological and electrophysiological changes were also detected even before the formation of clinical signs of retinopathy. There was a significant impairment of immature retina architectonic after induced hyperoxia.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Femoral Nerve Study Following Bisphosphonates Administration

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Vasileios Alexandros Karakousis ◽  
Danai Liouliou ◽  
Aikaterini Loula ◽  
Nikoleta Kagianni ◽  
Eva-Maria Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Femoral Nerve ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Toxic Drug ◽  
Term Administration

Background and objectives: Bisphosphonates represent selective inhibitors of excess osteoblastic bone resorption that characterizes all osteopathies, targeting osteoclasts and their precursors. Their long-term administration in postmenopausal women suffering from osteoporosis has resulted in neural adverse effects. The current study focuses on the research of possible alterations in the femoral nerve, caused by bisphosphonates. We hypothesized that bisphosphonates, taken orally (per os), may produce degenerative changes to the femoral nerve, affecting lower-limb posture and walking neuronal commands. Materials and Methods: In order to support our hypothesis, femoral nerve specimens were extracted from ten female 12-month-old Wistar rats given 0.05 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) of body weight (b.w.) per week alendronate per os for 13 weeks and from ten female 12-month-old Wistar rats given normal saline that were used as a control group. Specimens were studied using immunohistochemistry for selected antibodies NeuN (Neuronal Nuclear Protein), a protein located within mature, postmitotic neural nucleus, and cytosol and Sox10 (Sex-determining Region Y (SRY)—High-Motility Group (HMG)—box 10). The latter marker is fundamental for myelination of peripheral nerves. Obtained slides were examined under a light microscope. Results: Samples extracted from rats given alendronate were more Sox10 positive compared to samples of the control group, where the marker’s expression was not so intense. Both groups were equally NeuN positive. Our results are in agreement with previous studies conducted under a transmission electron microscope. Conclusions: The suggested pathophysiological mechanism linked to histological alterations described above is possibly related to toxic drug effects on Schwann and neuronal cells. Our hypothesis enhances the existing scientific evidence of degenerative changes present on femoral nerve following bisphosphonates administration, indicating a possible relationship between alendronate use and neuronal function.

The evaluation of acute and subchronic toxicities of An Phu Khang capsules in experimental animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
Ha Thi Yen ◽  
Tran Thanh Tung ◽  
Dang Thi Thu Hien
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicities of An Phu Khang capsules through oral administration in experimental animals. The acute toxicity was determined by the method of Litchfield Wilcoxon in Swiss mice. The subchronic toxicity was evaluated by the recommendation of WHO in Wistar rats at these doses of 0.54 g/kg b.w/day (equal to recommended human dose) and 1.62 g/kg b.w/day (3 times as high as recommended human dose) in 4 consecutive weeks. As a result, An Phu Khang capsules at the highest dose used for mice (36.29 g/kg b.w) did not show acute toxicity in mice. In terms of the subchronic toxicity test, after oral administration of An Phu Khang capsules, hematological parameters, hepato-renal functions, and microscopic images of liver and kidney at both doses were unchanged compared with the control group. In conclusion, An Phu Khang with both doses 0.54 g/kg b.w/day and 1.62 g/kg b.w/day did not produce acute and subchronic toxicities in Swiss mice and Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Histometric analysis of gingival hyperplasia in Wistar rats during nifedipine administration

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Zlata Brkic
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Interdental Papilla

Background/Aim. The use of calcium channel blockers, especially nifedipine, causes gingival hyperplasia which leads to the destruction of the deeper periodontal tissues. During this process, inflammatory changes and the changes of colagen fibers occur. The aim of this study was to metrically compare the extent of proliferation of connective tissue in the deeper periodontal tissue in experimental animals regarding the dose and duration of nifedipine administration. Methods. The study involved 50 Wistar rats to which water solution of nifedipine was given in certain time intervals and doses. Before starting the experiment, i.e. before nifedipine administration, and in the defined time intervals, measuring of the morphology of gingival size was performed including the buccolingual and mesiodistal wideness and vertical altitude of the central interdental papilla. The measurement was performed by the use of a special graduated probe. Histometric analyses of the tissue samples were done on the sagital cross-sections in the direction from the top to the bottom of papilla on five levels. For the statistical analysis of the data, the established values to the extent of the most present changes were used. The mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters for the levels L2 and L3 were quantitively determined and compared. These values were compared to the vertical diameter of gingival growth determined before the onset of patohistologic analyses of the tissue samples. Results. At the beginning of the experiment, the volume of the lower incisive central papilla in the rats was 12 mm3. The central interdental papilla vertical altitude was 6.6 mm in rats which had received a lower dose of nifedipine, 8 mm in rats which had received a higher dose in the defined time intervals while the value for the control group was 3.8 mm. Conclusion. The obtained results showed that the administration of nifedipine led to the extensive gingival hyperplasia in the experimental animals. Gingival hyperplasia correlates with both the dose of nifedipine and the duration of its administration.

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