scholarly journals Age and sex-related changes in superoxide dismutase activity in bovine tissues

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Giergiel ◽  
M. Kankofer
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Blotting Technique ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Discrepancies ◽  
Page Electrophoresis

The influence of age, gender, and type of tissue on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in bovine organs and tissues was investigated. The investigated material consisted of fragments of tissues and organs (liver, heart, lung, kidney, skeletal muscles, and diaphragm) from healthy cows (n = 15), bulls (n = 15), and female calves (n = 12) collected immediately after slaughter at the slaughterhouse. The total SOD activity was measured in tissue and organ homogenates by spectrophotometric method. PAGE electrophoresis and Western blotting technique with specific anti-SOD antibodies as well as zymography confirmed the presence of enzymatic protein and SOD isoenzymes in examined tissues. The study revealed significant differences in SOD activity between organs and tissues, which might be connected with different metabolic rate. Age-related changes were also observed. SOD activity was twice higher in kidneys, lungs, heart of calves compared to other groups of animals. It was also noticed that SOD activity was higher in younger animals and decreased with ageing among the group of bulls. Gender-related differences were observed in lungs and diaphragm. It was concluded that SOD activity depends on sex steroids, which is reflected in age and gender discrepancies, as well as metabolic rate of tissues.

scholarly journals Characteristic Movement of the Ribs, Thoracic Vertebrae while Elevating the Upper Limbs - Influences of Age and Gender on Movements

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
Hisayoshi Tachihara ◽  
Junichiro Hamada
Keyword(s):  
Young Group ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Shoulder Disorders ◽  
Arm Elevation ◽  
And Gender

Background: The rib cage, such as the thoracic spine and ribs, influences glenohumeral mobility and the development of shoulder disorders. Objective: To evaluate movements of the ribs, thoracic vertebrae during bilateral arm elevation and to clarify the characteristic influences of age and gender. Methods: Subjects comprised 33 healthy individuals divided into a young group (10 males, 7 females; mean age, 25 years) and a middle-aged group (8 males, 8 females; mean age, 52 years). Chest CT was performed with two arm positions: arms hanging downwards; and arms elevated at 160°. Images were three-dimensionally reconstructed to evaluate rib movement, extension angle of thoracic vertebrae. Results: Maximal movement was observed at the fifth rib, and rib movement decreased with increasing distance from the fifth rib in both the groups. In males, movement of the second to fourth ribs was smaller in the middle-aged group than in the young group (p < 0.05). Movement of the first to ninth ribs was smaller in females than in males (p < 0.05). No significant difference in the extension angle of the thoracic vertebrae was found. Conclusion: Fifth rib movement is the largest among all ribs during bilateral arm elevation. Reduction of upper rib movement initially arises as an age-related degradation in males. Women exhibit less rib movement during bilateral arm elevation.

Age- and gender-related normative value of whole-body sagittal alignment based on 584 asymptomatic Chinese adult population from age 20 to 89

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Hu ◽  
GCW Man ◽  
KH Yeung ◽  
WH Cheung ◽  
WCW Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Alignment ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender

To establish the age- and sex-related normative values of sagittal alignment in asymptomatic Chinese adults, and to investigate the changes and possible associated compensation mechanisms across age groups. 584 asymptomatic Chinese adults aged 20–89 years were recruited. Subjects were grouped according to age and gender. Whole-body standing radiographs were acquired for evaluating sagittal alignment from spine to lower limb. Sagittal parameters between gender in different age groups were compared via independent t test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to demonstrate relationships between parameters. Thoracic kyphosis (TK) increased steadily while lumbar lordosis decreased gradually in both genders. Pelvic tilt (PT) in male is greater than in female across all age groups with age related gradual increase. There were significant differences between male and female from 20s to 60s in terms of knee flexion angle (KA) and ankle dorsiflexion angle (AA), but the differences were not significant after 60s. T1 pelvic angle (TPA) was significantly correlated with spinal, pelvic and lower-limb alignment. The older group (≥50 years) had a stronger correlation of TPA with PT and KA, whereas the younger (<50 years) had stronger correlation with TK. This study comprehensively presented the normative sagittal alignment based on a large asymptomatic population, which could serve as an age- and gender-specific reference value for spine surgeons when planning for correction surgery. Age can influence the recruitment of compensation mechanism that involve more pelvic and lower limb mechanisms for elderly people.

Olfactory Acuity as a Function of Age and Gender: A Comparison of African and American Samples

1997 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifton E. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Sensory Impairment ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
National Geographic ◽  
Olfactory Acuity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
International Data ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Survey Responses

A frequently reported finding in age-related sensory impairment is that olfaction shows consistent and uniform decline with age. In most studies, discerning whether loss in olfaction is due to aging per se or to factors extrinsic to the aging process (e.g., smoking, chemical exposure, head injury) is difficult. Moreover, studies of olfaction have generally relied on data collected from samples drawn primarily from Western societies. As such, little is known regarding differences in olfaction involving non-Western cultures. Using international data from the 1986 National Geographic Smell Survey, responses of 19,219 American respondents and 3,204 respondents from Africa were analyzed. All respondents were screened for factors negatively affecting olfaction. Measures of olfactory acuity included odor detection, identification, intensity, and quality. The odor of interest was androstenone, a scent produced by bacteria on the human body and appearing in sweat. The results indicate that some measures of olfactory acuity tend to decline across age groups, but that this decline is less marked than reported in previous studies. The most important finding is that loss of olfaction is not consistent or uniform between geographic regions of America or Africa, between male vs. female respondents, or among the four measures of olfactory acuity. African respondents (both men and women) had significantly higher percentages of detection than did American respondents, women generally reported higher levels of olfactory functioning than did men, and some measures of olfaction were stable across age groups, or were higher among older respondents (e.g., odor identification).

scholarly journals Increased Serum Cu/Zn SOD in Individuals with Clinical Depression Normalizes after Zinc and Anti-oxidant Therapy

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. NMI.S5044 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
And Gender

Aim To assess serum Cu/Zn SOD (Superoxide Dismutase) concentration in individuals with clinical depression. Subjects and Methods Serum from 36 individuals diagnosed with clinical depression and 18 healthy controls were tested for Cu/Zn SOD serum concentration using ELISAs. Results Serum Cu/Zn SOD levels of depressed individuals (both with and without secondary anxiety) were significantly higher than age and gender similar controls. We also found that, post anti-oxidant therapy, Cu/Zn SOD levels normalized to the level of normal healthy controls. Discussion These results suggest an association between Cu/Zn SOD serum levels and clinical depression.

The Subjective Experience of Aging: Correlates of Divergent Views

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Connidis
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Positive View ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACTA stratified random sample of 400 community-dwelling older persons were asked whether they like or dislike anything about being their age and if they have any worries about growing older. The results of multivariate analysis show significant relationships between the dependent variables and several respondent charaderistics including age, subjective health, expectations of older age, and gender. A negative view of aging appears to be associated with experiencing age-related declines. Overall, despite some diversity, the respondents tend to hold a positive view of old age that is coupled with a realistic appreciation of the shortcomings this stage of life may bring.

scholarly journals Age and Gender Differences in Self-Esteem—A Cross-Cultural Window

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Bleidorn ◽  
Ruben C. Arslan ◽  
Jaap J. A. Denissen ◽  
Jason Rentfrow ◽  
Jochen E. Gebauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Empirical Base ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Gender And Age Differences ◽  
And Gender

Research and theorizing on gender and age differences in self-esteem have played a prominent role in psychology over the past 20 years. However, virtually all empirical research has been undertaken in the United States or other Western industrialized countries, providing a narrow empirical base from which to draw conclusions and develop theory. To broaden the empirical base, the present research uses a large Internet sample (N 985,937) to provide the first large-scale systematic cross-cultural examination of gender and age differences in self-esteem. Across 48 nations, and consistent with previous research, wefound age-related increases in self-esteem from late adolescence to middle adulthood and significant gender gaps, with males consistently reporting higher self-esteem than females. Despite these broad cross-cultural similarities, the cultures differed significantly in the magnitude of gender, age, and Gender Age effects on self-esteem. These differences were associated with cultural differences in socioeconomic, sociodemographic, gender-equality, and cultural value indicators. Discussion focuses on the theoretical implications of cross-cultural research on self-esteem.

scholarly journals Age and Gender Differences in the Pattern of Antiplatelet Agents Prescribing

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Nehad J. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Antiplatelet Drugs ◽  
Antiplatelet Drug ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Prescribing Trends ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
And Gender

Aim: There is a scarcity of data regarding gender and age related aspects of antiplatelet drugs utilization in the outpatient setting. Thus, the objective of the present study was to determine the age-and gender-related differences in the outpatient use of antiplatelet drugs in Alkharj. Methodology: This is a retrospective study that include the assessment of electronic prescriptions in the outpatient setting that include an antiplatelet drug in 2018. Results: Ticagrelor was prescribed mainly for patients more than 60 years old (84.62%). Clopidogrel was prescribed mainly for patients more than 50 years old (79.76%) and aspirin also was prescribed mainly for patients more than 50 years old (71.67%). Generally, most of the patients who received antiplatelet agents were male (52.76%). Conclusion: The present study showed that there were differences in prescribing antiplatelet agents between different gender and different ages. So it is important to know the prescribing trends and to give the appropriate drugs based on several factors such as gender and age. It is expected that in the future, antiplatelet therapy may be based on age and on endogenous sex hormone level or genetic female/male differences.

scholarly journals Dietary habits are major determinants of the plasma antioxidant status in healthy elderly subjects

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timur Anlasik ◽  
Helmut Sies ◽  
Helen R. Griffiths ◽  
Patrizia Mecocci ◽  
Wilhelm Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender

Previous studies indicate that regular consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is associated with a lower risk for age-related diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the often-reported age-related decrease of plasma antioxidants in man depends on differences in dietary intake or on other age- and gender-related factors. In this observational case-control study, thirty-nine community-dwelling healthy subjects aged 65 years and older consuming high intakes of fruits and vegetables daily (HI) and forty-eight healthy subjects aged 65 and older consuming low intakes of fruit and vegetables daily (LI) were enrolled. Plasma levels of retinol, tocopherols, carotenoids and malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as content of protein carbonyls in Ig G were measured. Plasma levels of retinol, tocopherols and carotenoids were significantly higher in group HI than in group LI subjects independent of age and gender. MDA levels were inversely correlated with vitamin A and α-carotene. Protein carbonyls were inversely correlated with γ-tocopherol. In the elderly, a higher daily intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with an improved antioxidant status in comparison to subjects consuming diets poor in fruits and vegetables. Modification of nutritional habits among other lifestyle changes should be encouraged to lower prevalence of disease risk factors in later life.

Effects of Aging and Gender on Interhemispheric Function

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teri James Bellis ◽  
Laura Ann Wilber
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Interhemispheric Transfer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Aging Adults ◽  
Over Time

The ability of the two hemispheres of the brain to communicate with one another via the corpus callosum is important for a wide variety of sensory, motor, and cognitive functions, many of them communication related. Anatomical evidence suggests that aging results in structural changes in the corpus callosum and that the course over time of age-related changes in corpus callosum structure may depend on the gender of the individual. Further, it has been hypothesized that age- and gender-related changes in corpus callosum structure may result in concomitant decreased performance on tasks that are reliant on interhemispheric integrity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of age and gender on auditory behavioral and visuomotor temporal indices of interhemispheric function across the life span of the normal adult. Results from 120 consistently right-handed adults from age 20 to 75 years revealed that interhemispheric integrity, as measured by dichotic listening, auditory temporal patterning, and visuomotor interhemispheric transfer time tasks, decreases relatively early in the adult life span (i.e., between the ages of 40 and 55 years) and shows no further decrease thereafter. In addition, the course over time of interhemispheric decline is different for men compared to women for some tasks. These findings suggest that decreased interhemispheric function may be a possible factor contributing to auditory and communication difficulties experienced by aging adults. In addition, results of this study hold implications for the clinical assessment of interhemispheric function in aging adults and for future research into the functional ramifications of decreased multimodality interhemispheric transfer.

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