scholarly journals  Genetic variation in three paddlefish (Polyodon spathula Walbaum) stocks based on microsatellite DNA analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kaczmarczyk ◽  
M. Luczynski ◽  
P. Brzuzan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Adult Fish ◽  
Native Population ◽  
Distance Measurements ◽  
Polyodon Spathula ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Mean

There are two stocks of American paddlefish Polyodon spathula in Poland, one in Pogorze and the other in Wasosze. These stocks were established from small quantities of eggs imported from the USA in 1995. In this study, we examined genetic variation at seven microsatellite loci in adult fish from the two Polish farms and one stock farmed in Gorny Tykich in Ukraine. Our data were compared with those reported for one native population from the Mississippi River (USA). The polymorphism of examined loci varied in the Polish and Ukrainian stocks, showing 25&minus;30 alleles across each stock (3.6&ndash;4.3 alleles per locus), though they were less polymorphic than those in the Mississippi (49 across the population, 7.0 per locus). The mean observed heterozygosity per locus estimated in Polish stocks (0.59&minus;0.60) was comparable to that found in the Mississippi (0.68). The Garza-Williamson index and values of the heterozygosity excesses revealed a reduction of genetic variation in all the three European stocks (probably resulting from bottleneck or founder effect). Finally, genetic distance measurements confirmed a closer relationship between Pogorze and Wasosze <br />(F<sub>ST </sub>= 0.007) stocks than between these two Polish stocks and that from Ukraine (F<sub>ST</sub> = 0.096 and F<sub>ST </sub>= 0.054). &nbsp;

scholarly journals Microsatellite DNA polymorphism in selectively controlled Apis mellifera carnica and Apis mellifera caucasica populations from Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 889-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanimila Nikolova ◽  
Malgorzata Bienkowska ◽  
Dariusz Gerula ◽  
Evgeniya Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Apis Mellifera Caucasica ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Private Alleles

Genetic polymorphism in selectively controlled honeybee populations of A. m. carnica and A. m. caucasica in Poland, was characterized by microsatellite DNA analysis. All honeybee samples were analyzed for nine microsatellite loci: Ac011; A024; A043; A088; Ap226; Ap238; Ap243; Ap249 and Ap256, which were found to be polymorphic in both populations. The mean number of alleles per locus was 6.222 for A. m. carnica and 4.556 for A. m. caucasica. Average observed and expected heterozygosity values were calculated as 0.976 and 0.734 in A. m. carnica and as 0.933 and 0.603 in A. m. caucasica, respectively. For the nine microsatellite loci, a total of 76 alleles were found in both populations. Thirty-five private alleles were observed in A. m. carnica and 20 in A. m. caucasica. Information about allele frequencies, FST values and genotypic differentiation is given. Nei?s genetic distance between studied populations of A. m. carnica and A. m. caucasica was calculated as 0.384.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation in Wild and Cultured Populations of the Sea Squirt Halocynthia roretzi Inferred from Microsatellite DNA Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyon-Sob Han ◽  
Bo-Hye Nam ◽  
Jung-Ha Kang ◽  
Yi-Kyoung Kim ◽  
Young-Ju Jee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Halocynthia Roretzi ◽  
Sea Squirt

scholarly journals Loss of genetic variation in Greek hatchery populations of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) as revealed by microsatellite DNA analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. LOUKOVITIS ◽  
B. IOANNIDI ◽  
D. CHATZIPLIS ◽  
G. KOTOULAS ◽  
A. MAGOULAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Allele Number ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Genetic variation in four reared stocks of European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax L., originating from Greek commercial farms, was assessed using five polymorphic microsatellite markers and was compared with that of three natural populations from Greece and France. The total number of alleles per marker ranged from 8 to 22 alleles, and hatchery samples showed the same levels of observed heterozygosity with samples from the wild but substantially smaller allelic richness and expected heterozygosity. The genetic differentiation of cultivated samples between them as well as from the wild origin fish was significant as indicated by Fst analysis. All population pairwise comparisons were statistically significant, except for the pair of the two natural Greek populations. Results of microsatellite DNA analysis herein showed a 37 % reduction of the mean allele number in the hatchery samples compared to the wild ones, suggesting random genetic drift and inbreeding events operating in the hatcheries. Knowledge of the genetic variation in D. labrax cultured populations compared with that in the wild ones is essential for setting up appropriate guidelines for proper monitoring and management of the stocks either under traditional practices or for the implementation of selective breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Comparison of Recreational Fish Consumption Advisories Across the USA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany M. Cleary ◽  
Megan E. Romano ◽  
Celia Y. Chen ◽  
Wendy Heiger-Bernays ◽  
Kathryn A. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Acute Tolerance ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Fish Consumption Advisories ◽  
Regional Collaboration ◽  
Slope Factor ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Lower Mississippi River

Abstract Purpose of Review Our comparative analysis sought to understand the factors which drive differences in fish consumption advisories across the USA — including exposure scenarios (acute and chronic health risk, non-cancer and cancer health endpoints), toxicity values (reference dose, cancer slope factor, acute tolerance level), and meal size and bodyweight assumptions. Recent Findings Fish consumption provides essential nutrients but also results in exposure to contaminants such as PCBs and methylmercury. To protect consumers from the risks of fish contaminants, fish consumption advisories are established, most often by state jurisdictions, to estimate the amount of a certain fish species a person could consume throughout their lifetime without harm. However, inconsistencies in advisories across the USA confuse consumers and undermine the public health goals of fish advisory programs. To date, no rigorous comparison of state and national fish consumption advisories has been reported. Summary Our work identifies discrepancies in key assumptions used to derive risk-based advisories between US states, reflecting differences in the interpretation of toxicity science. We also address the implications for these differences by reviewing advisories issued by contiguous states bordering two waterbodies: Lake Michigan and the Lower Mississippi River. Our findings highlight the importance of regional collaboration when issuing advisories, so that consumers of self-caught fish are equipped with clear knowledge to make decisions to protect their health.

scholarly journals Characterization of Deleterious Mutations in Outcrossing Populations

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 945-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Wen Deng
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Estimation Bias ◽  
Deleterious Mutations ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Sib Mating ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract Deng and Lynch recently proposed estimating the rate and effects of deleterious genomic mutations from changes in the mean and genetic variance of fitness upon selfing/outcrossing in outcrossing/highly selfing populations. The utility of our original estimation approach is limited in outcrossing populations, since selfing may not always be feasible. Here we extend the approach to any form of inbreeding in outcrossing populations. By simulations, the statistical properties of the estimation under a common form of inbreeding (sib mating) are investigated under a range of biologically plausible situations. The efficiencies of different degrees of inbreeding and two different experimental designs of estimation are also investigated. We found that estimation using the total genetic variation in the inbred generation is generally more efficient than employing the genetic variation among the mean of inbred families, and that higher degree of inbreeding employed in experiments yields higher power for estimation. The simulation results of the magnitude and direction of estimation bias under variable or epistatic mutation effects may provide a basis for accurate inferences of deleterious mutations. Simulations accounting for environmental variance of fitness suggest that, under full-sib mating, our extension can achieve reasonably well an estimation with sample sizes of only ∼2000-3000.

scholarly journals Microsatellite DNA analysis shows that greater sage grouse leks are not kin groups

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4453-4459 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT M. GIBSON ◽  
DEBRA PIRES ◽  
KATHLEEN S. DELANEY ◽  
ROBERT K. WAYNE
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Sage Grouse

Survival of fish passing downstream at a small hydropower facility

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 1870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen V. Amaral ◽  
Benjamin S. Coleman ◽  
Jenna L. Rackovan ◽  
Kelly Withers ◽  
Benjamin Mater
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Hydro Project ◽  
Total Project

Hydropower dams can negatively affect upstream and downstream migratory fish populations in many ways, such as blocking access to upstream habitats and causing injuries or mortality during downstream passage. For downstream passage at projects in the USA, federal regulators and agencies responsible for oversight of hydropower facilities typically require assessment studies and mitigation to address negative effects, with a primary goal of minimising fish impingement and turbine entrainment and mortality. So as to assess the effects of downstream passage of fish populations at a unique, small hydro project on the Mississippi River, impingement and entrainment rates, Oberymeyer gate passage, spillway gate passage, turbine survival, and total downstream passage survival were estimated. It was determined that 85% of fish passing downstream at the project would be small enough to pass through the bar spacing of the trash racks and 15% would be physically excluded. When 55% of river flow enters the turbine intake channel, the total project survival rates were estimated to be 77.3% with an Obermeyer gate bypass rate of 10 and 96.6% with a gate bypass rate of 90%. Therefore, any effects on local fish populations resulting from the operation of the project are expected to be negligible and inconsequential on the basis of expected survival rates for the range and probability of river flows occurring at the project.

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