scholarly journals Cyanogenic glycosides can function as nitrogen reservoir for flax plants cultured under N-deficient conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Siegien ◽  
Magdalena Fiłoc ◽  
Aleksandra Staszak ◽  
Iwona Ciereszko
Keyword(s):  
Protective Role ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycosides ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycoside ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Metabolites Production

Soil nitrogen (N) deficiency is a common phenomenon that plagues both naturally growing plants as well as agricultural crops, ultimately affecting their growth and productivity. The aim of our study is to determine the effect of short-term N deprivation on secondary metabolites production in developing and mature leaves of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Two weeks under low-N conditions decrease plant growth, N concentration, and soluble proteins content in leaves. Reduction in photosynthesis intensity was also observed. A decrease of cyanogenic glycoside content under N-deficient conditions was most visible in mature leaves. However, the content of linamarin and lotaustralin was about 10-fold higher in younger than in mature leaves, in which play probably protective role due to the possibility of toxic HCN release. Despite the N deficit, flax plants accumulated nitrogen in cyanoglycosides. N from cyanoglycosides can be used to synthesise amino acids; this possibility is supported by the high activity of β-cyanoalanine synthase, especially in N-deficient leaves. On the other hand, the content of different types of phenolic compounds increased in N-deficient plants, especially in young leaves, possibly replacing cyanoglucosides in protective functions. Our results indicated that cyanogenic glycosides could be an important nitrogen source for flax plants grown under temporary N-deficient conditions.  

Karakter Morfologi Daun Ubi Jalar Sebagai Bahan Pangan Suku Dani Distrik Kurulu Jayawijaya

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonius Suparno ◽  
Opalina Logo ◽  
Dwiana Wasgito Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
General Outline ◽  
Leaf Vein ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Tuber Roots

Sweet potato serves as a staple food for people in Jayawijaya. Many cultivars of sweet potatoes have been cultivated by Dani tribe in Kurulu as foot for their infant, child and adult as well as feeding especially for pigs. Base on the used of sweet potatoes as food source for infant and child, this study explored 10 different cultivars. As for the leaf morphology, it was indentified that the mature leaves have size around 15 � 18 cm. general outline of the leaf is reniform (40%), 60% have green colour leaf, 50% without leaf lobe, 60% of leaf lobes number is one, 70% of shape of central leaf lobe is toothed. Abazial leaf vein pigmentation have purple (40%), and petiole pigmentation is purple with green near leaf (60%), besides its tuber roots, sweet potatoes are also harvested for its shoots and green young leaves for vegetables.

Comprehensive Effects of Short-Term Rental Platforms Across Hotel Types in U.S. and International Destinations

2021 ◽  
pp. 193896552110335
Author(s):  
John W. O’Neill ◽  
Jihwan Yeon
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Competitive Market ◽  
Substitution Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hotel Performance ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Location Type ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, short-term rental platforms in the lodging sector, including Airbnb, VRBO, and HomeAway, have received extensive attention and emerged as potentially alternative suppliers of services traditionally provided by established commercial accommodation providers, that is, hotels. Short-term rentals have dramatically increased the available supply of rooms for visitors to multiple international destinations, potentially siphoning demand away from hotels to short-term rental businesses. In a competitive market, an increase in supply with constant demand would negatively influence incumbent service providers. In this article, we examine the substitution effects of short-term rental supply on hotel performance in different cities around the world. Specifically, we comprehensively investigate the substitution effects of short-term rental supply on hotel performance based on hotel class, location type, and region. Furthermore, we segment the short-term rental supply based on its types of accommodations, that is, shared rooms, private rooms, and entire homes, and both examine and quantify the differential effects of these types of short-term rentals on different types of hotels. This study offers a comprehensive analysis regarding the impact of multiple short-term rental platforms on hotel performance and offers both conceptual and practical insights regarding the nature and extent of the effects that were identified.

scholarly journals The role of JrPPOs in the browning of walnut explants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shugang Zhao ◽  
Hongxia Wang ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Linqing Li ◽  
Jinbing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Young Leaves

Abstract Background Tissue culture is an effective method for the rapid breeding of seedlings and improving production efficiency, but explant browning is a key limiting factor of walnut tissue culture. Specifically, the polymerization of PPO-derived quinones that cause explant browning of walnut is not well understood. This study investigated explants of ‘Zanmei’ walnut shoot apices cultured in agar (A) or vermiculite (V) media, and the survival percentage, changes in phenolic content, POD and PPO activity, and JrPPO expression in explants were studied to determine the role of PPO in the browning of walnut explants. Results The results showed that the V media greatly reduced the death rate of explants, and 89.9 and 38.7% of the explants cultured in V media and A media survived, respectively. Compared with that of explants at 0 h, the PPO of explants cultured in A was highly active throughout the culture, but activity in those cultured in V remained low. The phenolic level of explants cultured in A increased significantly at 72 h but subsequently declined, and the content in the explants cultured in V increased to a high level only at 144 h. The POD in explants cultured in V showed high activity that did not cause browning. Gene expression assays showed that the expression of JrPPO1 was downregulated in explants cultured in both A and V. However, the expression of JrPPO2 was upregulated in explants cultured in A throughout the culture and upregulated in V at 144 h. JrPPO expression analyses in different tissues showed that JrPPO1 was highly expressed in stems, young leaves, mature leaves, catkins, pistils, and hulls, and JrPPO2 was highly expressed in mature leaves and pistils. Moreover, browning assays showed that both explants in A and leaf tissue exhibited high JrPPO2 activity. Conclusion The rapid increase in phenolic content caused the browning and death of explants. V media delayed the rapid accumulation of phenolic compounds in walnut explants in the short term, which significantly decreased explants mortality. The results suggest that JrPPO2 plays a key role in the oxidation of phenols in explants after branch injury.

scholarly journals Duration of Short-term Effects of PNF According to Different Types of Joint Movement

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-592
Author(s):  
Katsuyuki KATOU ◽  
Hitoshi MARUYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Joint Movement ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Short Term Effects

Morbidity of in-hospital purulent-septic infections of adults patients after different types of endovascular cardiosurgical operations

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Viktor Ivanovich Sergevnin ◽  
Larisa Gennadievna Kudryavtseva ◽  
Anna Igorevna Zolotukhina
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Intervention Community ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Incidence

An estimate of the incidence of nosocomial purulent-septic infections (GSI) of adult patients after various types of closed heart surgery according to the results of a study of medical records of 3275 patients is presented. It was established that the incidence rate of typical GSI after endovascular cardiac surgery was 3.1, with prenosological forms — 3.9 per 1000 operations. The main clinical options for postoperative GSI were infections in the field of surgical intervention, community-acquired pneumonia, urinary tract infection and bloodstream infection. There were no statistically significant differences between the incidence of GSI after stenting of the coronary arteries, operations for heart rhythm disturbances, stenosis of the carotid artery and other operations. The low incidence of GSI after closed heart surgery is due to the short duration of surgery, as well as the absence or short-term resuscitation of patients.

scholarly journals Integration of different-quality data in short-term mining planning

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Paixão Araújo ◽  
João Felipe Coimbra Leite Costa
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Imprecise Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Block Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Block Distribution ◽  
Ordinary Cokriging

AbstractDecisions, from mineral exploration to mining operations, are based on grade block models obtained from samples. This study evaluates the impact of using imprecise data in short-term planning. The exhaustive Walker Lake dataset is used and is considered as the source for obtaining the true grades. Initially, samples are obtained from the exhaustive dataset at regularly spaced grids of 20 × 20 m and 5 × 5 m. A relative error (imprecision) of ±25% and a 10% bias are added to the data spaced at 5 × 5 m (short-term geological data) in different scenarios. To combine these different types of data, two methodologies are investigated: cokriging and ordinary kriging. Both types of data are used to estimate blocks with the two methodologies. The grade tonnage curves and swath plots are used to compare the results against the true block grade distribution. In addition, the block misclassification is evaluated. The results show that standardized ordinary cokriging is a better methodology for imprecise and biased data and produces estimates closer to the true grade block distribution, reducing block misclassification.

scholarly journals Meteorological conditions, ozone concentration and leaf age affect gas exchange in Psidium guajava ‛Palumaʼ

Hoehnea ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Moreno Pina ◽  
Sérgio Tadeu Meirelles ◽  
Regina Maria de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Ozone Concentration ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Entire Experiment ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the importance of leaf age, meteorological conditions and ozone concentration (O3) on gas exchange of Psidium guajava ‛Paluma'. Saplings were grown and exposed in standard conditions in the city of São Paulo, in six periods of three months with weekly measurements in young and mature leaves. Gas exchanges were higher in young leaves for almost the entire experiment. Mature leaves showed greater reduction in gas exchange. The multivariate analysis of biotic and abiotic variables indicated that vapor pressure deficit (VPD), O3 concentration and radiation were the main variables associated with gas exchange decrease in young leaves. In mature leaves the influence of VPD is lower, but the temperature importance is higher. Moreover, the opposition between assimilation and O3 is more evident in mature leaves, indicating their greater sensitivity to O3.

Syzygium cumini seed extract ameliorates adenosine deaminase activity and biochemical parameters but does not alter insulin sensitivity and pancreas architecture in a short-term model of diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Eliete Rodrigues Bitencourt ◽  
Karine Santos De Bona ◽  
Lariane Oliveira Cargnelutti ◽  
Gabriela Bonfanti ◽  
Aline Pigatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Term Model ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase Activity

Abstract: The effects of the aqueous seed extract of: ASc (100 mg/kg) was administered for 21 days in control and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced (60 mg/kg) diabetic rats. ADA activity, lipoperoxidation (cerebral cortex, kidney, liver and pancreas) and biochemical (serum) and histopathological (pancreas) parameters were evaluated.: The main findings in this short-term model of Diabetes mellitus (DM) were that the ASc (i) significantly reverted the increase of ADA activity in serum and kidney; (ii) ameliorated the lipoperoxidation in the cerebral cortex and pancreas of the diabetic group; (iii) demonstrated hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic properties and recovered the liver glycogen; and iv) prevented the HOMA-IR index increase in the diabetic group. Therefore, the ASc can be a positive factor for increasing the availability of substrates with significant protective actions, such as adenosine. Moreover, by maintaining glycogen and HOMA-IR levels, the extract could modulate the hyperglycemic state through the direct peripheral glucose uptake.: Our data revealed that the short-term treatment with ASc has an important protective role under pathophysiological conditions caused by the early stage of DM. These results enhance our understanding of the effect of the ASc on the purinergic system in DM.

scholarly journals A bilingual advantage in memory capacity: Assessing the roles of proficiency, number of languages acquired and age of acquisition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Martin Durand López
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Span Task ◽  
Visuospatial Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Bilingual Advantage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
L2 Learners

This study examines whether different types of bilingualism modulate memory capacity differently. More specifically, the study assesses the effects of age of acquisition, number of languages acquired and proficiency in the L2 on phonological short-term memory, visuospatial memory and semantic memory.DesignMemory capacity was measured by means of three tasks: digit span task (phonological short-term memory), Corsi block task (visuospatial memory) and word span task (semantic memory). Participants were divided into five groups based on the number of languages acquired, age of acquisition and proficiency: monolinguals, intermediate L2 learners, advanced L2 learners, simultaneous bilinguals and multilinguals.Data and analysisAnalyses of variance were used to analyze participants’ scores for each of the memory tasks.Findings and conclusionsFor the word span task, no significant differences were found among the groups, which supports the notion that semantic memory is language independent. Furthermore, intermediate and advanced L2 learners and multilinguals presented significantly higher phonological short-term memory spans compared to simultaneous bilinguals. Finally, intermediate L2 learners and multilinguals significantly outperformed monolinguals on visuospatial memory spans. Results suggest that L2 acquisition might strengthen both visuospatial and phonological short-term memory, which in turn tend to improve as L2 proficiency increases.OriginalityWhile previous studies have provided evidence of a bilingual advantage in memory capacity, these studies have generally grouped different types of bilinguals together (e.g., L2 leaners and heritage speakers). This study takes a step forward by examining differences on memory capacity across different types of bilinguals and in comparison to their monolingual peers in order to better understand the cognitive effects of bilingualism.Significance and implicationsWhen considering age of acquisition, number of languages acquired and proficiency as grouping factors, different effects of bilingualism on memory capacity can be observed. Future studies on this matter should include bilingual participants that are comparable with regard to the aforementioned variables.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document