scholarly journals Czech forest ecosystem classification

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Viewegh ◽  
A. Kusbach ◽  
M. Mikeska
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Edaphic Conditions ◽  
Forest Classification ◽  
Ecosystem Classification ◽  
Two Factors

Forest classification, made up by Plíva and Průša (Plíva 1971), has been used in the Czech Republic forestry since 1970. This classification is based on ecological factors of the environment. Edaphic conditions are at the first position, then climatic conditions follow (by their vertical [altitudinal] distribution mainly). These two factors form the basic construction called ecological grid (Table 1).

scholarly journals Geographic distribution of the field vole (Microtus arvalis) in the Czech Republic

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zapletal ◽  
D. Obdržálková ◽  
J. Pikula ◽  
J. Pikula ◽  
M. Beklová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
High Field ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Field Vole ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Using Data

The ecological distribution and requirements of the field vole (Microtus arvalis) were studied, using data on its population density in individual districts of the Czech Republic from 1955 to 1990. The field vole was found to be distributed from lowlands to the sub-alpine level, i.e., from 150 to 1600 m above sea-level. It inhabits continuously and reproduces regularly in nine different biotopes of the Czech Republic. Geographic areas of regular overcrowding of field voles correspond with areas of most suitable living conditions. Of climatic conditions the field vole prefers mainly moderately wa1m climatic regions and these are inhabited by 79.52% of its population. The analysis of quantitative requirements of the field vole indicates that there is a correlation between the distribution of this species and medium values of ecological factors. High and extremely high field vole densities are regularly encountered in areas amounting to I 0 057 km<sup>2</sup>, of which the field biotopes cover 5 072 km<sup>2</sup>.

Divergent Paths of Inequality in Poland and the Czech Republic

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekrem Karakoç
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Two Factors

Employing most similar design and process-tracing methodology, this chapter focuses on Poland and the Czech Republic in the postcommunist region. It discusses the divergent paths these two countries have taken since their transitions. After discussing the similarities and dissimilarities of these two cases, it turns to the welfare policies shared by both countries with some differences under their former communist rule. It also traces voter turnout and linkage between political party and citizens, and explores how these two factors have affected social policies in each country. The last section offers a comparison of Polish and Czech social policies regarding the level and nature of their targeted spending and its effect on income inequality.

scholarly journals Dothistroma needle blight Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup, a new quarantine pathogen of pines in the CR

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jankovský ◽  
M. Bednářová ◽  
D. Palovčíková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Quarantine Pathogen ◽  
Dothistroma Needle Blight ◽  
First Time ◽  
Needle Blight

Dothistroma needle blight caused by Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup was observed for the first time in the Czech Republic on an imported Pinus nigra Arnold in 1999. In 2000, it was also found in the open planting. During three years, it became an important pathogen of pines in the Czech Republic. Its occurrence was noticed in more than 50 localities, above all in the region of Moravia and Silesia and eastern Bohemia. In total, it was found on 10 species of pine (P. nigra Arnold, P.&nbsp;banksiana Lamb., <br />P. contorta Loudon, P. mugo Turra, P.&nbsp;leucodermis Ant., P. sylvestris L., P. cembra L., P. aristata Engelm., P.&nbsp;ponderosa P. et C.&nbsp;Lawson and P. jeffreyi Grev. et Balf.). Also Picea pungens &nbsp;Engelm. was noticed as a host species. In the Czech Republic, Pinus nigra is the most frequent host species of M. pini (80% localities) followed by Pinus mugo (27% localities). On Scots pine P. sylvestris, M. pini was noticed at two localities. The critical period for infection is in the Czech Republic from the second half of May until the end of June. The incubation period lasts about 2&ndash;4 months depending on climatic conditions. The first symptoms on the needles infected in the current year appear in August being clearly expressed from September to November.In the CR, Dothistroma needle blight spread probably with infected planting stock obtained from import at the end of the 80s and at the beginning of the 90s.

scholarly journals The use of social and cultural potentials in regional development

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 579-582
Author(s):  
T. Marek ◽  
T. Martinec
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Rural People ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Perceived Needs ◽  
Two Factors

The paper deals with problems of regional (rural) development, especially with social and cultural impact on rural development. In the introductory chapter, authors reviewed economical and sociological concepts related to the Integrated Endogenous Regional Development (IERD). In the main part of the paper, authors discuss the presumptions of successful implementing of the IERD concept in the Czech Republic: 1) How are the opinions of rural people (public opinion) respected in the designed projects; and 2) The responsibility of the project designers to the regionally perceived needs. These two factors should be in harmony.

scholarly journals Impact of skidder and high-lead system logging on forest soils and advanced regeneration

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Modrý ◽  
D. Hubený
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Lead System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Lead ◽  
Stand Conditions

The applied skidding technology strongly influences the impact of harvest on the ecosystem and success of natural regeneration. The impact of skidder SLKT 81 and high-lead system Larix 3T on forest soil and natural regeneration was compared under analogical site and stand conditions in a production beech forest in the environs of Brno, Czech Republic. The skidder was found to have greater effects on the soil surface consistency, soil properties and natural regeneration than the high-lead system operations. Although high-lead system operations are more friendly to all parts of forest ecosystem, the skidder may not cause excessive damage when applied under suitable terrain and climatic conditions.

scholarly journals  Legal framework for payments for forest ecosystem services in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ventrubová ◽  
P. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Services ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Agriculture Water

Although examples of payments for ecosystem services (PES) can be traced back at least as far as the 1980&rsquo;s, it is still a relatively new instrument, and the hitherto experience in many parts of the world is not extensive yet, or based on a very long timeframe. In addition, PES is being introduced in more and more sectors (agriculture, water supply, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, etc.) and in relation to more and more ecosystems (surface water, groundwater, forest, etc.). But such PES can work only with good governance in place, comprising an effective political, legislative as well as institutional system. Nevertheless, an effective introduction of PES system into national legislation calls for an appropriate analysis of the current legal system so that duplications can be excluded and only valuable measures can be added. The main goal of this paper is to analyze if the current legal framework of the Czech Republic provides an appropriate basis for establishing payments for a forest ecosystem services scheme. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Economic results of agricultural enterprises in 2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 103-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Střeleček ◽  
J. Lososová ◽  
R. Zdeněk
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Subsidies ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Long Term Trends

Every year, an analysis of economic results of a sample of agricultural enterprises farming in various production and climatic conditions in the territory of the Czech Republic is carried out by applying economic statistical methods. Based on these results, long-term trends of economic results and their influencing factors are defined. This article is based on the analysis of development of economic indicators of a sample of agricultural enterprises in the Czech Republic in the period 2003&ndash;2009, divided according to the proportion of the LFA. The year 2009 brought, in comparison with the previous years, a strong deterioration in economic results. In 2009, the economic result was the worst during the whole monitored period. The decrease in the average number of workers together with the increase in labour productivity manifests a long-term tendency. Agricultural subsidies tend also to grow in the long-term even though their growth has been slowing down.

scholarly journals Changing structure of Employment in Europe: Polarization Issue

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-318
Author(s):  
Radek Náplava
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Occupational Classification ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Us ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
High Skill

Abstract In recent years, labor markets have experienced a polarization phenomenon, with the rise of low-skill and high-skill workers, and a decline in the number of middle-skill workers. The polarization of the labor market has been most often investigated in the US, UK, and some European countries. This paper shows the changes in the employment structure in all EU countries between 2008 and 2017. Attention is also paid to the Czech Republic and change during 1993 and 2017. The added value of the article lies in two factors. The first is the division of skills by industry in which the worker is located and not by occupational classification, the second is an explicit view of the Czech Republic. The results provide some evidence about the polarization of the labor market in twenty-one EU countries. Results imply polarization also in the Czech Republic during a longer period, because the number of high-skilled and low-skilled workers increased by 6.63 p. p. and by 1.16 p. p. respectively, at the expense of middle-skilled workers.

scholarly journals Influence of meteorological factors on and their harmfulness to poppy stands in the Czech Republic in 1961-2000 year

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
František Muška
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Group 2

Poppy (Papaver somniferum) is the traditional crop in the Czech Republic. The surveys of the appearance of some agents harmful to plants within the territory of the Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic) in 1961 – 2000 were used for elaboration of the set as given above. The particular agents are divided into four groups 1. The influence of drought (precipitation insufficiency, drought and influence of high temperature are involved in this group). 2. The influence of extraordinary heavy precipitation (there is hailstrom and other damage). 3. Damage caused by low temperature and frost 4.The influence of the harmful impact of wind weather (there are wind, erosion caused by wind and wind storm). The data, as above, testify the high sensitivity of the poppy to the course of climatic conditions. It has been confirmed that poppy is problematic crop.

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