scholarly journals Yields and root technological quality of sugar beet grown in crop rotation and long-term monoculture

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 458-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rychcik ◽  
K. Zawiślak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Field Static ◽  
Saccharose Content

The paper presents the findings of 6-year (1993–1998) investigations obtained in the field static experiment continued since 1967. This experiment concerned the estimation of the crop yield and its structure, and root technological quality under the conditions of crop rotation and extreme shortening of the rotation, i.e. monoculture. Investigations have proved that under agroclimatic conditions of north-eastern Poland it is possible to obtain 60 t of roots per ha in a naturally correct crop rotation, while in a long-term monoculture – 33 t, and 36 t and 19 t of top, respectively. The differences in monoculture crops occurred as a result of a plant loss during germination by 5.6%, and a smaller unit weight per root by 41.6%. The applied procedures of plant protection by herbicides and fungicides improved the root and top crop and favored the maintenance of plant density. A lowering of saccharose content in roots from 15.7% in the crop rotation to 15.0% in monoculture was recorded, and of sugar yield in the technological process from 13.0 to 12.3%, respectively. A high white sugar yield was obtained in crop rotation – 7.89 t per ha, while in monoculture it was only 4.06 t, i.e. 48.5% less.

scholarly journals Crop Rotation Compared with Continuous Rye Cropping for Weed Biodiversity and Rye Yield. A Case Study of a Long-Term Experiment in Poland

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jastrzębska ◽  
Kostrzewska ◽  
Marks ◽  
Jastrzębski ◽  
Treder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Effect On Yield

In recent years, sustainable agriculture has revitalized interest in crop rotations and their effects on crop performance and agroecosystem biodiversity, including weeds. This article used winter rye as an example and focused on the crop rotation (CR) impact on species, taxonomic and functional diversity of weed communities and analysed the contribution of crop rotation to protecting yield and regulating weed abundance. Long-term continuous rye cropping (CC) provided a background for comparison. Two variants of plant protection were also adopted: herbicide application (H+) and no plant protection (H−). The data from the 10th, 30th and 50th years of the experiment were included in the analysis. Diversified crop rotation with no chemical protection resulted in a satisfactory rye yield and reduced weed abundance—especially problem species—without a decrease in weed species diversity or functional diversity. When rye was grown under crop rotation, the herbicide application had no effect on yield protection, but it was harmful to weed biodiversity. The rye yield correlated negatively with weed biomass, but did not show a link with weed biodiversity. Continuation of long-term experiments as a research basis for contemporary and future scientific challenges is necessary.

Acidification of soil associated with lupins grown in a crop rotation in north-eastern Victoria

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Coventry ◽  
WJ Slattery
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Initial Ph

Soil pH decline and net acidification inputs were determined for a long-term crop rotation experiment at Rutherglen in north-eastern Victoria. The rotations utilized were continuous wheat (WW), a 1 : 1 wheat-lupin sequence (WL) and continuous lupins (LL), and each rotation was cropped from 1975-1989. The soil at the site had an initial pH (0.01 mol/LCaCl2) of 6.0 (0-10 cm depth), sandy loam texture, and had a past use of grape vines and then lucerne pasture. The soil pH (0-10 cm) declined for each rotation with time (1977/78-1988/89), decreasing by about 0.8 units for WW and further decreasing with the inclusion of lupin in the rotation. Compared with the WW soil, the WL soil pH was 0.7 and 0.4 units lower at 5-10 cm and 10-15 cm depth and the LL soil pH was 1.0 and 0.8 units lower at 5-10 and 10-15 cm depth. There was no difference in pH between WW and WL below 20 cm depth, but the LL soil had a significantly lower pH to 40 cm depth. Acidification rates were calculated for the period of cropping and for the 3 rotations, with rates of 3.22, 4.11 and 5.26 kmols H+/ha.yr as net acid input for WW, WL and LL rotations. These values represent a rapid rate of soil acidification. The removal of alkalinity in grain accounted for between 15-21% of the overall calculated acidification rate for the 3 rotations. Therefore, it is likely in this cropping system that the acidification largely results from progressive nitrate leaching.

A Post-fire Ecological Study of Xanthorrhoea australis Following Prescribed Burning in the Warby Range State Park, North-eastern Victoria, Australia

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Peter Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Study ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Adaptive Traits ◽  
High Soil Moisture ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
A Site

Xanthorrhoea australis R.Br. is considered a fire-tolerant species, a statement evidently based on established adaptive traits rather than fire recorded studies. This two-year post-fire study of X. australis in areas that have been subjected to prescribed burning in 1976 and 1991 compares results with a site unburnt for about 100 years. In the sites burnt in 1991, arborescent plants had a mortality of between 10% and 40% (average 21%), with highest mortality in the youngest and oldest plants, and in the site with the lowest plant density. In the site burnt in 1976, plants were still dying. Mortality of plants in the unburnt site was 4%. Flowering in the first post-fire spring varied from 0–100% throughout the size classes, with no flowering observed in plants smaller than 0.5 m. In the unburnt sites and the 1976 burnt sites, where understorey protected seedlings, recruitment was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than in the areas burnt in 1991 that had little ground cover. Plants with severe burn damage to stems at ground level often developed leans (P < 0.001) that were more often opposite to the burnt side (P < 0.001). Leans increased from 2.5˚ to 35˚, and some plants continued to grow, lying horizontally. In all fire sites the horizontal plants had a mortality of 44–92% compared with 29% for those in the unburnt site. In some sites, particularly in areas of high soil moisture, 3–10% of plants developed epicormic shoots after their stems fractured, or their shoot apices died. The study showed that fire has a long-term deleterious effect on large plants of this species. These data should be taken into account by authorities engaged in prescribed burning in forests with significant stands of this species.

Crop rotations with clover and their productivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Gladysheva ◽  
Oksana Artyuhova ◽  
Vera Svirina
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Pure Steam ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of long-term research in experiments with crop rotations with different clover saturation are presented. It is shown that the cluster has a positive effect on the main indicators of vegetation of dark-gray forest soil. The introduction of two fields of perennial grasses into the six-field crop rotation significantly increases both the humus reserves and increases the productivity of arable land by 1.5–2 times compared to the crop rotation with a field of pure steam.

Effects of Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation on Yield and Soil Carbon

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Al-Kaisi ◽  
Mark A. Licht ◽  
Beth E. Larabee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Crop Rotation

Effects of Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation on Yield and Soil Carbon

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Al-Kaisi ◽  
Mark A. Licht ◽  
Beth E. Larabee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Crop Rotation
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