scholarly journals   The effect of application of copper fungicides on photosynthesis parameters and level of elementary copper in hops

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
K. Krofta ◽  
J. Pokorný ◽  
T. Kudrna ◽  
J. Ježek ◽  
J. Pulkrábek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Content ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Copper Fungicides ◽  
Ripening Period ◽  
Copper Compounds ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Copper Fungicide ◽  
Tight Correlation ◽  
Common Content

Photosynthesis and transpiration rates in the interval of 30 min before and 30 min after copper fungicide application show an increase from the level of 5.0 to 7.0 &micro;mol CO<sub>2</sub>/m<sup>2</sup>/s and 0.75 to 1.00 mmol H<sub>2</sub>0/m<sup>2</sup>/s. Long-term measurements show that the increase of photosynthesis rate after copper application is temporal and fades away after 10&minus;14 days. No stress response was induced after the application of copper fungicides. Contents of copper in hop cones are up to 500 mg/kg if total amount of applied copper does not exceed 15 kg/ha. Contents of copper on leaves are 2&ndash;5 times higher at the same application dose. Application of 5 kg copper per one hectare of vigorous growth of Agnus variety increases content of copper on hop leaves by 1000 mg/kg at least. The same amount of copper increases its content in hop cones by 300 mg/kg at the ripening period. Tight correlation between the amount of copper applied and its content in hops does not exist. Elementary copper from leaves is brought into harvested hops in the form of biological admixtures. Copper content in hop cones shows a decreasing trend, which is given by gradual increase of cones size at the ripening period. Similar trend on hop leaves shows that washing off and dissolving of copper compounds by atmospheric water can participate in this process as well. Common content of copper in untreated hop cones and leaves is up to 20&minus;25 mg/kg. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals The effect of copper fungicides on the rate of photosynthesis and the transpiration of hop plants

2011 ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Pokorny ◽  
Josef Pulkrábek ◽  
Karel Krofta ◽  
Josef Ježek
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Copper Fungicides ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Elemental Copper ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽  
Accredited Laboratory ◽  
Effect Of Copper ◽  
Copper Fungicide ◽  
Infrared Analyzer

The paper evaluates the effect of copper fungicide spraying on the rate of photosynthesis and transpiration of hops, the influence of spraying on the elemental copper content in the leaves and cones hop variety Agnus. Photosynthetic rate was measured by LC pro+ (infrared analyzer) in the Hop Research Institute Saaz in the field in some periods of 2008, 2009 and 2010. Dry cones and leaf samples (taken before and after application of copper fungicides) were analyzed in an accredited laboratory for elemental copper.

scholarly journals Long-Term Ultrasonography Follow-Up of Thyroid Colloid Cysts at the Health Center: A Single-Center Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung Ho Rho ◽  
Dong Wook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Interval Change ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Colloid Cysts ◽  
Thyroid Colloid ◽  
Center Study

Objective. No previous study has employed long-term follow-up ultrasonography (US) examinations for evaluating thyroid colloid cysts (TCCs) in the general population. This study aimed to assess the interval changes of TCCs at the health center by evaluating long-term US follow-up examinations.Methods. For evaluation of the thyroid gland at our health center from 2006 to 2010, 3692 individuals underwent 4 or more thyroid US examinations at an interval of 1 year or 2 years. We assessed the interval changes of TCCs ≥ 5 mm on US follow-up examinations.Results. Of the 3692 subjects, only 115 (3.1%) showed TCCs ≥ 5 mm on one or more thyroid US examinations. The interval changes in TCCs, as shown by the thyroid US examinations performed during the study period, were classified as follows: no interval change (n=60), gradual increase (n=37), gradual decrease (n=6), positive fluctuation (n=10), negative fluctuation (n=0), and disappearance (n=2). No subject reported any relevant symptom pertaining to TCCs.Conclusions. Overall, follow-up US examinations showed various interval changes in TCCs, but a majority of TCCs showed no interval change or a gradual increase in size.

ESTIMATION OF LONG-TERM CHANGES IN QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OKA RIVER RUNOFF

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
G. KH. ISMAIYLOV ◽  
◽  
N. V. MURASCHENKOVA ◽  
I. G. ISMAIYLOVA
Keyword(s):  
River Runoff ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Copper Compounds ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
The City ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The results of the analysis and assessment of long-term changes in the qualitative characteristics of the Oka River runoff are presented. To analyze the temporal dynamics of the variability of the average annual and maximum concentrations of pollutants in the runoff of the Oka River, we used long-term observational data on typical pollutants for the period 1984-2019. The assessment of the state of the quality of surface waters of the Oka River was carried out according to the values of the concentrations of pollutants in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river. The dynamics of the main pollutants of the following indicators is considered: ammonium nitrogen, oil products, copper and zinc compounds and easily oxidized organic substances. It was found that in the upper reaches of the river (according to observations of the Oka – Orel city) the main pollutants are ammonium nitrogen and copper compounds, the average annual concentrations of which respectively increased to 9 values. A similar situation was observed downstream of the river (the Oka River – Kaluga city). As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that more noticeable changes in the concentration of pollutants are observed in the section of the river from the city of Murom to the city of Dzerzhinsk. Near the city of Murom, the content of oil products in the water sharply increases. From the beginning of the study period (1984) and until 1995, the average annual concentration varied from 5 to 30 values, and the maximum concentration in the year in creased to 87 values. After 2000, the content of oil products in water dropped sharply and the average annual value did not exceed 3 values, and the maximum concentration was 4-6 values. The paper analyzes the frequency of cases of exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants in the Oka River in the mouth of the river. There was a high repeatability of the content of copper compounds in water, which varied from 70 to 88%. The frequency of cases of excess of easily oxidized organic matter in the mouth of the Oka River varied from 64 to 74%. Relatively low, although stable, the repeatability of the content of oil products in water remained, which ranged from 23 to 42%.

scholarly journals Long-Term Ultrasound Follow-Up of Thyroid Colloid Cysts

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Abrupt Increase ◽  
Interval Change ◽  
Thyroid Microcarcinoma ◽  
Colloid Cysts ◽  
Thyroid Colloid

Objective. This study aimed to assess the interval changes of thyroid colloid cysts (TCCs) by performing long-term ultrasound (US) follow-up examinations.Methods. From 2007 to 2008, 437 patients underwent a lobectomy for the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Among them, 268 patients underwent 4 or more postoperative US follow-ups after surgery. This study investigated the prevalence and interval changes of TCCs≥3 mm by using US follow-ups.Results. Among 268 patients, 35 (13.1%) had TCCs≥3 mm by a preoperative thyroid US, and 6 (2.2%) had newly detected TCCs at a US follow-up. Through long-term US follow-up, the interval changes for TCCs were classified as follows: no interval change (n=8), gradual increase (n=8), gradual decrease (n=5), positive fluctuation (n=3), negative fluctuation (n=6), disappearance (n=5), and new detection (n=6). None of the TCC cases had a TCC that was ≥10 mm at its largest diameter, and no patient complained of any relevant symptoms pertaining to the TCCs.Conclusions. In this study, TCCs demonstrated various interval changes, but no abrupt increase was found or acute onset of symptoms occurred.

The long-term accumulation and depletion of copper in the liver of different breeds of sheep fed diets of differing copper content

1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Woolliams ◽  
N. F. Suttle ◽  
G. Wiener ◽  
A. C. Field ◽  
C. Woolliams
Keyword(s):  
Copper Content ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Period Measurement

SUMMARYChanges in Cu concentration in the livers of adult Scottish Blackface (B), Welsh Mountain (W) and B × W ewes fed diets containing 4, 9, 17 and 29 mg Cu/kg D.M. were measured over a 28-week period. Measurement continued during two further periods of 18 weeks when first all sheep were fed the diet containing 4 mg Cu/kg D.M. and finally, when 4 mg Mo/kg D.M. was added to this diet.During the first period the increase on all diets was least in B ewes and, apart from the 4 mg Cu/kg D.M. diet, greatest in W ewes; this difference increased as the Cu in the diet increased. The rate of increase for all ewes diminished towards the end of the period. All breed types retained proportionately less Cu in their livers as the Cu in the diet increased; at one extreme B ewes fed 17 or 29 mg Cu/kg D.M. retained equal amounts.When during the second period all sheep were fed the 4 mg Cu/kg D.M. diet the Cu concentration in their livers decreased, the rate of decrease being greatest for ewes whose mean concentration in the liver was highest, but at similar concentrations the decrease was greater in B than W ewes. During the final period the decrease was faster and was again associated with the mean Cu concentration, but the decrease was not significantly affected by breed.Throughout the trial, W ewes had the highest concentration of Cu in their plasma, whilst B ewes and ewes fed the 4 mg Cu/kg D.M. diet throughout had the lowest concentrations both in plasma and in their kidneys at slaughter.The results show that breeds differ in their ability to retain Cu from the diet in their livers. The magnitude of these differences depends on the intake of Cu and Mo from the diet and is affected by the concentration of Cu in the liver. Breed differences in the absorption and endogenous loss of Cu are suggested.

scholarly journals Management of acute open tendo-achilles injuries in Indian lavatory pans

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
S Chatterjee Sasanka ◽  
Sarkar Arindam ◽  
Misra Ashutosh
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Graduate Medical Education ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Flap Cover

AbstractInjuries to the Tendo-achilles are common but rarely do they present directly to plastic surgeons. Eighteen patients with acute tendo-achilles injury due to fall in the lndian type of lavatory pan came directly to the emergency department of Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata and subsequently were treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery. Direct repair with prolene or stainless steel (SS) wires with or without flap cover were performed for management. Exercises were started 1 month later with gradual increase in activity. Complications were minor and temporary in nature. Long term results in the form of performing previous activities were excellent.

scholarly journals Long term Impacts of Effluents on Quality of the Kosi River Water at District Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Gulrez Nizami ◽  
Shifa Rehman ◽  
R. Z. Sayyed ◽  
Ummul Khair Fatma ◽  
Hesham El Enshasy
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Ph Values

The present study was aimed to analyze the influence of industrial and agricultural wastes on quality ofKosi river water, Rampur, UP, India. The results of the present study revealed pH values of between 7.2 and 6.3 (neutral to slightly acidic), the electrical conductivity between 129.4 μs/cmto399.3 μs/cm. The maximum EC value was observed at S5 in spring season. The turbidity of each was 0.4 to 7.067 NTU. The highest turbidity observed at S5 in winters. Total hardness of 73 (mg/L) and 506.33 (mg/L) were evident at S4 and S7 sites respectively. The BOD values ranged from 10.5 (mg/L) at S4 to 137.4 (mg/L) at S5. Higher BOD values at each site are reflecting the great extent of pollution. The minimum COD recorded at S3 (32.60 mg/L) however maximum recorded at S5 (168.65 mg/L). The results of the heavy metals showed a significant increase in the concentration of Pb, Zn, Cu, Hg and As at S5 as compared to the other sites. The As concentration was 0.04, 0.08, 0.85, 0.72 and 0.71 at S2, S3, S5, S6, and S7 respectively. These values were higher than the value of Arsenic as per WHO guidelines.The average concentration of Zn obtained was 0.05, 0.786, 0.413, 0.06, 3.26,0.97 and 0.53 mg/L at S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, and S7 respectively. The highest value of Zn was recorded at S5 (SDP) as compared to other sites. Only at S5 the zinc content is exceeding the normal value. The copper content found to be lower (1.0 mg/Ll) than permissible value according to WHO. The Cu concentration was 0.01, 0.06 0.01 at S4, S5 and S6 respectively, at S1,S2, S3 and S7 zero. The changed physicochemical parameters and occurrence of heavy metal ions indicated a significant level of pollution in Kosi River.

scholarly journals Comparative study of plum cultivars belonging to different taxons during 1980-1996

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Surányi ◽  
Z. Erdős
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Prunus Species ◽  
Ripening Period ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Bitter Almond ◽  
Tight Correlation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sweet Almond

The program of the Research Institute of Cegléd, comprises the acclimation and selection of 7 Prunus-species and 39 cultivars grafted on Myrobalan C. 679 (P. cerasifera) seedling stocks. In addition two varieties have been investigated on three different rootstocks each: Myrobalan C. 174 (P. cerasifera), Bitter almond C. 449 (P. arnygdalus var. amara) and Sweet almond C. 471 (P. amygdalus var. dulcis). Fruits of commercial quality are produced maroly on some cultivars of P. salicina-, P. italica- and P. cerasifera character. Authors explain the three possible causes of low yields experienced in non-European plums: 1/ unfavorable environmental conditions 2/ lack of irrigation and 3/ superficial information concerning the variety, rootstock and adequate traditions as well as growing practices. A rather tight correlation has been stated between blooming dates and the main ripening period. However, the early blooming time alone cannot be considered as the cause of low productivity. The decay of plum trees is attributed to special ecological requirements and phytosanitary problems of the foreign plum cultivars. The analysis of regression revealed stochastic relations involving several other characters too, which facilitate the planning of cross-combinations in the breeding program.

scholarly journals The impact of copper-containing pesticides on ecological attributes and agricultural value of soils. The need for monitoring and assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Gabechaya ◽  
◽  
I.V. Andreeva ◽  
I.I. Vasenev ◽  
A.A. Neaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Content ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Ecological Attributes ◽  
Decomposition Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Vineyard Soil ◽  
Vineyard Soils ◽  
The Impact

Copper-based pesticides have been used around the world for more than 200 years to control bacterial and fungal diseases in a variety of crops. In our review, we found that copper content from cupric fungicides in vineyard soil surface horizons often exceeds 200 mg/kg. However, there are few studies on copper content in vineyard soils in Russia. The fact of the matter is that soil microorganisms have greater metal sensitivity than plants. Therefore, the use of copper-based pesticides may damage microbial communities in vineyard soils and disrupt litter decomposition processes, thus leading to a long-term deterioration of ecological attributes and agricultural value of soils. It is this fact that makes the need for constant monitoring and assessment of the impact of copper-based pesticides on vineyard soils in Russia so paramount.

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