scholarly journals SIMWASER model as a tool for the assessment of soil water balance

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Šťastná ◽  
E. Stenitzer
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Capillary Rise ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Ground Water Recharge ◽  
Water Recharge

The objectives of our study were to apply, test and to present the ability of the deterministic simulation model SIMWASER computing soil-water balance components. Two case studies for the assessment of percolation losses from irrigated carrots to deep groundwater at Obersiebenbrunn in the Marchfeld (Austria) and ground water recharge and capillary rise from shallow groundwater in grass lysimeters at Berlin-Dahlem (Germany) are presented to demonstrate the performance of the model by a comparison between measured and simulated results from the field experiments. At Obersiebenbrunn, simulated percolation and evapotranspiration were 183 and 629 mm, while the respective measured values amounted to 198 and 635 mm. In Berlin-Dahlem simulated capillary rise and evapotranspiration were –122 and 458 mm, whereas the measurement showed –155 and 454 mm. These results showed the SIMWASER method as a good applicable tool to demonstrate and study plant – soil – water relationships as well as influence of land use, especially on ground water recharge.

scholarly journals Nitrogen doses and water balance components at phenological stages of corn

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Martins da Silva ◽  
Paulo Leonel Libardi ◽  
Flávia Carvalho Silva Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Capillary Rise ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Unknown Quantity ◽  
D Values

Determining the intensity of the water balance components in the control volume of a soil, and consequently defining the most likely periods of occurrence of a water deficit in a crop, is an exercise that requires knowledge about soil, climate and plant factors. This research aimed to evaluate soil water balance components at phenological stages of corn (Zea mays L.) under no-till system, when fertilized with 60, 120, and 180 kg ha-1 of nitrogen. The field experiment was carried out in Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil, on a Typic Hapludox. Evaluations were made in the 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 corn cropping seasons, divided over three stages according to the plant's phenology. Runoff was not taken into account. Measurements were made for precipitation (P), internal drainage (D) (or capillary rise) at a 0.8 m depth, and water storage variation (Δh) in the soil layer from 0.0-0.80 m; actual evapotranspiration (ET) was considered the unknown quantity of the equation. Corn grain yield was evaluated as well. In general, the soil water balance components were modified by N doses, because the soil had been relatively smaller Δh in treatments involving N application than in the treatment without N, resulting in smaller D values in those treatments, which resulted in greater absorption by the plants and greater ET. As expected, the plant developmental stage II had a higher ET value.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN DATA RECHARGE AIR TANAH DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN BERDASARKAN DATA CURAH HUJAN

Telematika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Bambang Yuwono ◽  
Awang Hendrianto Pratomo ◽  
Heru Cahya Rustamaji ◽  
Puji Pratiknyo ◽  
Mochammad Assofa Indera Jati
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
High Water ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Ground Water Recharge ◽  
Water Recharge

Water is a basic need for humans and other living things. Various sources of water on this earth has formed a system of close interaction with the components of living things in it. Over the years, water resources have changed in terms of both quality and quantity. This can be due to population growth in addition to the natural changes in nature. The more narrow field of water absorption followed by high water consumption causes the supply of ground water reserves can be threatened. So, we need a mapping and ground water recharge calculations to assist in the monitoring of groundwater reserves.The method used in this research is the Water Balance (keseimbangan air)method. This method is based on any incoming rain water will be equal to the output evapotranspiration and runoff hereinafter this method is applied in the application. Factors affecting groundwater recharge the water balance method is precipitation, evapotranspiration and run off. Information og groundwater recharge is also displayed on the map using Google Map function are related to the database system to produce informative mapsCalculation of groundwater recharge is applied to the daily rainfall data input into the application which then included in the water balance equation method so it can be easy to determine the value of groundwater recharge. Groundwater recharge information can be displayed in the form of mapping, making them easier to understand visually.Based on testing, the highest recharge results of this research on the Kemput station is 1119,5 mm/year with rainfall of 2750 mm/year. Seyegan and Bronggang station is 1026,25 mm/year with rainfall of 2625 mm/year. Angin-angin and Prumpung station is 933 mm/year with rainfall of 2500 mm/year. Beran and Gemawang station is 839.5 mm/year with rainfall of 2375 mm/year. Plataran station is 808.42 mm/year with rainfall of 2333 mm/year. Godean station is 699.5 mm/year with rainfall of 2187 mm/year and the lowest at Tirto Tanjungand Santan stastion 560 mm / year with rainfall of 2000 mm / year.

scholarly journals New Approach to Improve the Soil Water Balance Method for Evapotranspiration Estimation

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Rashid Niaghi ◽  
Xinhua Jia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Capillary Rise ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Shallow Water Table ◽  
Residual Method

As an important component of the water budget, quantifying actual crop evapotranspiration (ET) will enable better planning, management, and allocation of the water resources. However, accurate ET measurement has always been a challenging task in agricultural water management. In the upper Midwest, where subsurface drainage is a common practice due to the shallow ground water depth and heavy clayey soil, ET measurement using traditional ground-based methods is more difficult. In this study, ET was measured using the eddy covariance (EC), Bowen ratio-energy balance (BREB), and soil water balance (SWB) methods during the 2018 corn growing season, and the results of the three methods were compared. To close the energy balance for the EC system, the residual method was used. For the SWB method, capillary rise was included in the ET estimation and was calculated using the measured soil water potential. The change of soil water content for ET estimation using the SWB method was calculated in four different ways, including daily average, 24:00–2:00 average, 24:00–4:00 average, and 4:00 measurement. Through the growing season, six observation periods (OPs) with no rainfall or minimal rainfall events were selected for comparisons among the three methods. The estimated latent heat flux (LE) by the EC system using the residual method showed a 29% overestimation compared to LE determined by the BREB system for the entire growing season. After excluding data taken in May and October, LE determined by the EC system was only 10% higher, indicating that the main difference between the two systems occurred during the early and late of the growing season. By considering all six OPs, a 6%–22% LE difference between the EC and the BREB systems was observed. Except during the early growing and late harvest seasons, both systems agreed well in LE estimation. The SWB method using the average soil water contents between 24:00 and 2:00 time period to calculate the daily capillary rise produced the best statistical fit when compared to the ET estimated by the BREB, with a root-mean-square error of 1.15. Therefore, measuring ET using the capillary rise from a shallow water table between 24:00 and 2:00 could improve the performance of the SWB methodology for ET measurement.

Temporal dynamics of soil water balance components in a karst range in southeastern Spain: estimation of potential recharge

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Cantón ◽  
Luis Villagarcía ◽  
María José Moro ◽  
Penelope Serrano-Ortíz ◽  
Ana Were ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Southeastern Spain ◽  
Potential Recharge

Estimation of Soil Water Balance Components Based on Continuous Soil Moisture Measurement and Inversed Richards Method in an Irrigated Agricultural Field of a Desert Oasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Liu ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Zhongkai Li ◽  
Wenzhi Zhao ◽  
Qiyue Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Richards Equation ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
Irrigation Drainage

<p>An accurate assessment of soil water balance components (<em>SWBCs</em>) is necessary for improving irrigation strategies in any water-limited environment. However, quantitative information of <em>SWBCs</em> is usually challenging to obtain, because none of the components (i.e., irrigation, drainage, and evapotranspiration) can be easily measured under actual conditions. Soil moisture is a variable that integrates the water balance components of land surface hydrology, and the evolution of soil moisture is assumed to contain the memory of antecedent hydrologic fluxes, and thus can be used to determine <em>SWBCs</em> from a hydrologic balance. A database of soil moisture measurements from six experimental plots with different treatments in the middle Heihe River Basin of China was used to test the potential of a soil moisture database in estimating the <em>SWBCs</em>. We first compared the hydrophysical properties of the soils in these plots, such as vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity (<em>K</em><sub>s</sub>) and soil water retention features, for supporting the <em>SWBC</em> estimations. Then we determined evapotranspiration and other SWBCs through a method that combined the soil water balance method and the inverse Richards equation (a model of unsaturated soil water flow based on the Richards equation). To test the accuracy of our estimation, we used both indirect methods (such as power consumption of the pumping irrigation well, and published SWBCs values at nearby sites), and the water balance equation technique to verify the estimated <em>SWBCs</em> values, all of which showed a good reliability of our estimation method. Finally, the uncertainties of the proposed methods were analyzed to evaluate the systematic error of the <em>SWBC</em> estimation and any restrictions on its application. The results showed significant variances among the film-mulched plots in both the cumulative irrigation volumes (652.1~ 867.3 mm) and deep drainages (170.7~364.7 mm). Moreover, the unmulched plot had remarkably higher values in both cumulative irrigation volumes (1186.5 mm) and deep drainages (651.8 mm) compared with the mulched plots. Obvious correlation existed between the volume of irrigation and that of drained water. However, the ET demands for all the plots behaved pretty much the same, with the cumulative ET values ranging between 489.1 and 561.9 mm for the different treatments in 2016, suggesting that the superfluous irrigation amounts had limited influence on the accumulated ET throughout the growing season because of the poor water-holding capacity of the sandy soil. This work confirmed that relatively reasonable estimations of the <em>SWBCs</em> in coarse-textured sandy soils can be derived by using soil moisture measurements; the proposed methods provided a reliable solution over the entire growing season and showed a great potential for identifying appropriate irrigation amounts and frequencies, and thus a move toward sustainable water resources management, even under traditional surface irrigation conditions.</p>

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