scholarly journals Nutritional value of the protein of consumer carp Cyprinus carpio L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A. Skibniewska ◽  
J. Zakrzewski ◽  
J. Kłobukowski ◽  
H. Białowiąs ◽  
B. Mickowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Indices ◽  
Standard Protein

The nutritional value of the protein of carp from breeding technologies currently employed in Poland (semi-extensive, low-intensive and high-intensive ones) was evaluated. The total protein content was from 16.9% to 18.6% and did not diverge from the content of this nutrient in other fish species. The protein of the studied carps was characterised by a high content of exogenous amino acids, considerably exceeding their amount compared to the standard protein, irrespective of the area of breeding or the production intensity level. The dominant amino acids were histidine, methionine, and cysteine, phenylalanine and tyrosine, lysine and threonine. The amino acid limiting the nutritional value of protein was valine, yet the values of calculated limiting amino acid indices were high. Carp meat should be treated as a source of full-value protein.  

scholarly journals The influence of selected cultivation on the content of total protein and amino acids in the potato tubers

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mitrus ◽  
C. Stankiewicz ◽  
E. Steć ◽  
M. Kamecki ◽  
J. Starczewski
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid

The aim of study was to determine the effect of selected cultivation operations, such as nitrogenous fertilization (60,90 kgN/ha), row spacing (62, 82,102 cm), compaction of soil with wheels of farm aggregates (the numbers of passing 2×, 5×, 8×), on quality changes of two potato varieties (Irga and Ekra). The total protein content in the tubers of the tested potato varieties increased with the increase of the nitrogenous fertilization (90 kgN/ha). Genotype features of the tested potato tubers define the amino acid limiting the protein biological value (CS) to be leucine in Irga variety and isoleucine in Ekra variety. It is also genotype that influences the second limiting amino acid. It is the sum of sulphuric amino acids (Cys + Met) in respect to Irga variety and valine in respect to Ekra variety. The dose of90 kgN/ha decreases the protein biological value (EAAI) of the tubers of Ekra variety, which is high in starch.

scholarly journals Amino Acid Composition of Milk from Cow, Sheep and Goat Raised in Ailano and Valle Agricola, Two Localities of ‘Alto Casertano’ (Campania Region)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2431
Author(s):  
Nicola Landi ◽  
Sara Ragucci ◽  
Antimo Di Maro
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Campania Region

Cow, sheep and goat raw milk raised in Ailano and Valle Agricola territories (‘Alto Casertano’, Italy) were characterized (raw proteins, free and total amino acids content) to assess milk quality. Raw milk with the highest total protein content is sheep milk followed by goat and cow milk from both localities. Total amino acid content in cow, goat and sheep raw milk is 4.58, 4.81 and 6.62 g per 100 g, respectively, in which the most abundant amino acid is glutamic acid (~20.36 g per 100 g of proteins). Vice versa, the free amino acids content characteristic profiles are different for each species. In particular, the most abundant free amino acid in cow, sheep and goat raw milk is glutamic acid (9.07 mg per 100 g), tyrosine (4.72 mg per 100 g) and glycine (4.54 mg per 100 g), respectively. In addition, goat raw milk is a source of taurine (14.92 mg per 100 g), retrieved in low amount in cow (1.38 mg per 100 g) and sheep (2.10 mg per 100 g) raw milk. Overall, raw milk from ‘Alto Casertano’ show a high total protein content and are a good source of essential amino acids.

scholarly journals The effect of meteorological conditions on the biochemical characteristics of sunflower seeds of the variety Skormas

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Yu.Yu. Pomorova ◽  
◽  
D.V. Beskorovainy ◽  
V.V. Pyatovsky ◽  
Yu.M. Serova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Sunflower Seeds

The seeds of early-ripening sunflower variety Skormas of the 2016-2018 years of cultivation became the material for the research. The article presents the results of oil content, total protein content, and analysis of amino acid composition. We conducted the research in the protein laboratory of the department of biological research of V.S. Pustovoit AllRussian Research Institute of Oil Crops. The protein content in the seeds of variety Skormas in different 40 growth seasons varied from 19.00 to 23.58 g, the coefficient of variation was C = 10.76 %. We established a strong inverse relation between oil content and protein content – r= -0.99. The meteorological conditions influenced the total protein content and oil content of the variety in different years of cultivation. Thus, with the hydrothermal coefficient (HC) equal to 1.2 in the growth season of 2016, the protein content in the seeds was 21.61 g, and with the HC equal to 0.6 of 2017, characterized as arid, it was 23.58 g. The protein content inversely correlates with the moisture supply of plants – r= -0.94. In years with insufficient soil moistening, sunflower seeds accumulate less oil and more protein. We identified the largest amount of the essential amino acids, 25.74 g/100g, in the seeds of variety Skormas, grown in 2018. The number of non-essential amino acids of 2016 and 2018 turned out to be nearly at the same level – 47.98 and 47.19 g/100g. Despite the differences in the total protein content, the amino acid composition of the seeds of the variety is fairly stable in the different growth seasons. The protein of seeds of the variety Skormas contains a large amount of glutamic acid – 16.46 g/100g and aspartic acid – 7.55 g/100g. In course of three years, their amount turned out to be stable. The coefficient of variation of these acids was С = 2.14 % and С = 2.40 %, respectively. The average content of the essential amino acid lysine for the same period was 2.42 g/100g with the coefficient of variation С = 12.14 %. The non-essential amino acids tyrosine and cysteine were at the level of 1.74 g/100g and 0.54 g/100g with the coefficient of variation С = 13.59 % and С = 16.32 %.

Changes in proteins, free amino acids, and amides accompanying imbibition and vernalization of wheat grains

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1947-1956
Author(s):  
Rogers A. D. Jones ◽  
Pearl Weinberger
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Total Alcohol ◽  
Proportional Distribution

Vernalization has a negligible effect on the total protein content of spring and winter grains. However, large increases in the total alcohol-soluble amino acid and amide fractions were observed. The proportional distribution of amino acids and amides varied both between grain parts and between spring and winter wheats.Three bases of computing the amino acid and amide data were used in all cases, i.e. protein, dry weight, or grain part. Apparent differences in the magnitude of change with vernalization were dependent upon the base from which the data was calculated. This study indicates that data expressed on a dry weight basis alone may lead to an erroneous picture of metabolic change.

scholarly journals Effect of the Rearing Substrate on Total Protein and Amino Acid Composition in Black Soldier Fly

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1773
Author(s):  
Andrea Fuso ◽  
Silvia Barbi ◽  
Laura Ioana Macavei ◽  
Anna Valentina Luparelli ◽  
Lara Maistrello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
By Products

Insects are becoming increasingly relevant as protein sources in food and feed. The Black Soldier Fly (BSF) is one of the most utilized, thanks to its ability to live on many leftovers. Vegetable processing industries produce huge amounts of by-products, and it is important to efficiently rear BSF on different substrates to assure an economical advantage in bioconversion and to overcome the seasonality of some leftovers. This work evaluated how different substrates affect the protein and amino acid content of BSF. BSF prepupae reared on different substrates showed total protein content varying between 35% and 49% on dry matter. Significant lower protein contents were detected in BSF grown on fruit by-products, while higher contents were observed when autumnal leftovers were employed. BSF protein content was mainly correlated to fibre and protein content in the diet. Among amino acids, lysine, valine and leucine were most affected by the diet. Essential amino acids satisfied the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) requirements for human nutrition, except for lysine in few cases. BSF could be a flexible tool to bio-convert a wide range of vegetable by-products of different seasonality in a high-quality protein-rich biomass, even if significant differences in the protein fraction were observed according to the rearing substrate.

Screening of amino acid constituents from date palm fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4972
Author(s):  
Lata Birlangi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Social Part

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of mankind’s oldest cultivated plants. The fruit of the date palm is an important crop of the hot arid and semi-arid regions of the world. It has always played a genuine economic and social part in the lives of the people of these areas. The present objective in examining the amino acid content of different varieties of date palm fruits from Middle-East region; is to determine whether its protein could effectively supplement the nutritional value and it is also aimed in finding which variety is rich in number of amino acids. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of eight essential amino acids and five non-essential amino acids in the date fruits. Among all the date fruit varieties taken as samples for the study, Dabbas cultivar of United Arab Emirates found to exhibit eight types of amino acids which includes five as non-essential ones. Total of thirteen amino acids were detected in the seven date cultivars. Determination of amino acid can serve as a guide to the possible nutritional value.

Comparative Analysis of Amino Acid Composition in Antarctic Krill and White Shrimp

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1114-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Jun Li ◽  
Shun Sheng Chen ◽  
Wei Qiang Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Antarctic Krill ◽  
Total Content ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Chemical Score ◽  
Amino Acid Score ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid

The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the nutritional value of amino acids and its commercial value in the fish processing sector in Antarctic krill with cross-referenced in the white shrimp. For determination of the composition of 17 amino acids in the two shrimp muscle, free amino acids were measured using sulfosalicylic acid method, hydrolysed amino acid using hydrochloric acid hydrolysis.17 kinds of hydrolysed amino acids are measured in the muscle of Antarctic krill and White shrimp, which total content is 513.59±18.56mg/g and 537.61±16.8mg/g respectively.16 kinds of free amino acids are measured, which total content is 616.88±44.61mg/100g and 1276±75.67mg/100g respectively, while cysteine is not found. According to amino acid score (AAS), chemical score (CS), the limiting amino acid of Antarctic krill and White shrimp is valine and methionine + cysteine. The umani amino acids accounted for 27.76% of free amino acids and 35.69% of hydrolysed amino acids in Antarctic krill, while White shrimp is 41.08% and 31.52% respectively. The amino acids in Antarctic krill, TAV of which is greater than 1, include glutamic acid, alanine, lysine and arginine.

scholarly journals 24-Epibrassinolide Restores the Synthesis of Proteins and Amino Acids in Brassica juncea L. Leaves Under Imidacloprid Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anket Sharma ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Ashwani Kumar Thukral ◽  
Renu Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

Abstract Pesticides are applied to protect crops from a variety of insect pests but their application cause toxicity to plants that results, among others, in reduction of protein as well as amino acid contents. The present study is aimed at observing the effect of seed pre-soaking with 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) on the protein and amino acid content in the leaves of Brassica juncea L. grown in soil that is amended with pesticide im-idacloprid (IMI). Soil amendment with IMI resulted in a decrease in the contents in leaves of total proteins and 21 amino acids studied. Seed soaking with 100 nM of EBL resulted in the recovery of total protein as well as amino acid contents in leaves, when compared with plants grown in only IMI amended soils.

DESIGNING BALANCED FEEDS FOR INDUSTRIAL AQUACULTURE USING PROTEIN HYDROLYSATES OF FISH BY-PASS RAW MATERIALS

Fisheries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Olga Mezenova ◽  
Dmitriy Pyanov ◽  
Svetlana Agafonova ◽  
Natalia Mezenova ◽  
V. Volkov
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Amino Acid Balance ◽  
Limiting Amino Acids ◽  
By Products

The perspective of the production of domestic compound feed for the development of industrial aquaculture in Russia is shown. Alternative sources of protein in mixed fodder for salmon and sturgeon have been investigated. The advantages of using protein hydrolysates instead of a part of fishmeal in compound feed are described. The advantages of protein hydrolysates from fish by-products are considered, the chemical composition and molecular fractional composition of sublimated protein hydrolysates obtained by enzymatic and thermal pathways from sardinella scales and ridges are studied. The presence in hydrolysates of 53.3 - 97.7% of low molecular weight peptides with a molecular weight of less than 10 kDa with a total protein content of 80.8-94.1% was established. Indicators of amino acid balance (scor) of hydrolyzates of scales and ridges of sardinella were calculated in relation to the established requirements for amino acids in salmonids. Indicators of amino acid balance (scor) of hydrolyzates of scales and ridges of sardinella were calculated in relation to the established requirements for amino acids in salmonids.It was found that the introduction of an enzymatically obtained hydrolyzate is more favorable for an increase in the content of limiting amino acids in mixed feed, and the use of sardinella scales for hydrolysis is more preferable than its ridges.

Effect of a Leucine Analogue on Incorporation of Glycine into the Proteins of Explanted Chick Embryos

Development ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-269
Author(s):  
Phyllis W. Schultz ◽  
Heinz Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Egg Extract ◽  
Amino Acid Analogues

Amino acid analogues have been observed to give rise to abnormal forms of development of chick and amphibian embryos (Herrmann, 1953; Rothfels, 1954; Waddington & Sirlin, 1954; Feldman & Waddington, 1955; Herrmann, Rothfels-Konigsberg, & Curry, 1955). Assuming that these disturbances may be due to interference with the utilization of amino acids for protein formation, we have attempted an analysis of this effect by comparison of the protein contents and of the uptake of glycine into the proteins of chick embryo explants in the presence and absence of amino acid analogues. The results of such experiments are reported in this paper. The chick embryos used for explanation, the explantation technique, and the determination of total protein glycine and of tracer glycine were essentially the same as described previously (Herrmann & Schultz, 1958). The embryos were explanted at the 11–13 somite stage on to the surface of an agar gel containing egg extract as nutrient medium following the procedure given by Spratt (1947) as modified by Rothfels (1954).

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