scholarly journals Effects of long-term chemical fertilization on trends of rice yield and nutrient use efficiency under double rice cultivation in subtropical China

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 537-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bi ◽  
J. Xia ◽  
K. Liu ◽  
D. Li ◽  
X. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Rice Season ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Double Rice ◽  
The Impact

A long-term (33 years) experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of chemical fertilization on rice yield, yield trends, soil properties, agronomic efficiency of applied nutrients and nutrient balance for the double rice cropping systems in subtropical China. The treatments were different combinations of N, P and K fertilizers (N, NP, NK and NPK), double dose of recommended NPK (2NPK) and no fertilizer control (control). Compared with no fertilizer control, all fertilization treatments had no significant effects on soil pH and SOC contents (P > 0.05), but generally increased nutrients content when corresponding elements were applied. The impact of fertilizers on grain yields was 2NPK > NPK > NP > NK > N, and application of P fertilizer not only increased the rice yield, but improved yield stability. The trend of agronomic use efficiency of applied P was significantly positive (P < 0.05) only for the first rice crop, suggesting that P fertilizer played a less important role in the second rice season than in the first rice season. The study indicated that the current local fertilizer recommendations should be optimized for the consideration of differences in indigenous nutrient supplies in different rice seasons.

scholarly journals Substituting chemical P fertilizer with organic manure: effects on double-rice yield, phosphorus use efficiency and balance in subtropical China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Lu ◽  
Yajie Gao ◽  
Jun Nie ◽  
Yulin Liao ◽  
Qidong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
P Loss ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Double Rice

AbstractOrganic manure is an ideal alternative fertilizer to provide phosphorus (P) but is not fully recycled in subtropical China. In order to identify if it can replace chemical P fertilizer, a 35-year field trail in a paddy soil under double-rice cropping system was conducted to assess the effects of substituting chemical P fertilizer with pig manure (NKM) on rice yield, phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) and P balance. The N, P and K input under NKM was 1.2, 0.8 and 1.2 times of the combined chemical fertilizer treatment (NPK), respectively. The NKM treatment reached the same level of grain yield with NPK after 20 years’ application, and showed significantly 4.0% decreased double-rice grain yield compared with NPK over the 35 years. The NKM treatment reduced the crop P uptake leading to decreased PUE compared with NPK. Long-term P budget showed that NKM may result in higher potential of P loss than NPK. Thus, substituting chemical P fertilizer with organic manure under this rate of nutrient input slightly sacrificed the crop yield and may increase the P loss. Considering the benefits of soil fertility, adjusting the substitution rate with a more balanced NPK input might be alternative in subtropical China.

Connecting Crop Nutrient Use Efficiency to Future Soil Productivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Fernando García ◽  
Andrés Grasso ◽  
María González Sanjuan ◽  
Adrián Correndo ◽  
Fernando Salvagiotti
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Use Efficiency

Trends over the past 25 years indicate that Argentina’s growth in its grain crop productivity has largely been supported by the depletion of the extensive fertility of its Pampean soils. Long-term research provides insight into sustainable nutrient management strategies ready for wide-scale adoption.

scholarly journals   Assimilatory function and biochemical changes in Stylosanthes hamata grown under elevated CO2

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Baig ◽  
R.K. Bhatt ◽  
H.S. Tiwari ◽  
P. Swami
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Stylosanthes Hamata ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

We studied the impact of 360 &plusmn; 50 &micro;L/l (ambient) and 600 &plusmn; 50 &micro;L/L (elevated) CO<sub>2</sub> on growth performance, biomass production, photosynthetic efficiency, carbon isotope discrimination, protein profile and some antioxidant enzymes on Stylosanthes hamata. This crop responded significantly to photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate under elevated CO<sub>2</sub>. The biomass production in terms of fresh and dry was increased in elevated CO<sub>2</sub> by 126.81% (fresh) and 114.55% (dry) over ambient CO<sub>2</sub>. Long term exposure to elevated CO<sub>2</sub> enhanced photosynthetic water use efficiency by 127.77%. The photosynthetic pigment, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b ratio also increased by 220.56 and 132.86%, respectively in elevated over ambient CO<sub>2</sub>. Around 149% increase in the soluble protein accumulation (mg/g FW) was recorded under elevated over ambient CO<sub>2</sub>, which was also reflected in the polyacrylamide gel profile. The isoforms of superoxide dismutase and esterase isozymes showed remarkable difference under elevated as compared to ambient. Measurement of <sup>13</sup>&delta; in different plant parts indicated a significant increase in discrimination against <sup>13</sup>C when plants were grown at elevated relative to ambient CO<sub>2</sub>. Maximum increase was recorded in roots (439.72%) followed by leaf and the stem recorded least increase in <sup>13</sup>&delta; (119.94%) in elevated over ambient CO<sub>2</sub>. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Successive Harvests Affect Yield, Quality and Metabolic Profile of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giandomenico Corrado ◽  
Pasquale Chiaiese ◽  
Luigi Lucini ◽  
Begoña Miras-Moreno ◽  
Giuseppe Colla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an aromatic, tender leafy green cultivated for the fresh market and industrial processing. Like many other leafy vegetables, this species can be harvested more than once to increase productivity. Although the cut-and-come-again (CC) harvest strategy is widespread in basil, not much is known about the effect of the cut. In this work, we examined differences in biomass, physiology, nutrient use efficiency and antioxidant capacity of basil leaves from two successive harvests. Moreover, we also performed an untargeted metabolomics analysis to reveal variations in the leaf metabolite profile. The data indicated that the cut affected many of the parameters under investigation, including a modest reduction of yield (−20%), of nitrogen use efficiency (−21%) and of some quality attributes such as the antioxidant capacity (−16%) and the nitrate content in leaves (+48%). Moreover, leaves of successive cuts displayed a significant variation of the profile of bioactive compounds, characterized by an overall decrease of phenylpropanoids and an increase in terpenoids. Our data revealed the impact of CC harvesting strategy in basil, and that this strategy offers the possibility to yield leaves with different metabolomics profiles and quality attributes.

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