scholarly journals Detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus in daughter tubers of volunteer potato plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Pánková ◽  
V. Krejzar ◽  
J. Čepl ◽  
V. Kůdela
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Volunteer Potatoes ◽  
Das Elisa

Daughter tubers of volunteer potatoes were tested for their ability to maintain <I>Clavibacter michiganensis</I> subsp. <I>sepedonicus (Cms)</I>. In different areas of the CR, volunteer potatoes were searched for in crops grown in rotation with potatoes and where one or two years before <I>Cms</i> had been detected and identified in samples of harvested seed or commercial potatoes using the test scheme in accordance to EC Directive 93/85/EEC. During May and June of 2005 and 2006, emerging or emerged plants of volunteer potatoes were collected at nine locations of Bohemia and transplanted to the experimental field in the Diagnostic Service Laboratory at Šluknov-Kunratice in Northern Bohemia. The daughter tubers of these plants were harvested and stored at 6°C for 1 month and then at 22°C for 3 months for multiplication of <I>Cms</i> cells. Samples of the daughter tubers were divided into 215 partial samples and tested for the occurrence of <I>Cms</i> at five terms which differed in length of storage time. The DAS ELISA test was used to detect <I>Cms</i> in the tuber samples. <I>Cms</i> was detected in eight of the nine potato volunteer tuber samples from different locations. The presence of <I>Cms</i> in positively tested tuber samples was confirmed using a pathogenicity test on eggplants (<I>Solanum melongena</I>). The optimal time for the detection of the pathogen in the harvested daughter tubers was between 4 and 10 weeks of storage at 22°C.

scholarly journals Detection and molecular characterization of Pepper mild mottle virus in Serbia

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 651-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Milosevic ◽  
Ivana Stankovic ◽  
Aleksandra Bulajic ◽  
Maja Ignjatov ◽  
Zorica Nikolic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Pepper Mild Mottle Virus ◽  
Das Elisa

During 2009 and 2010, a survey was conducted in pepper crops to detect the possible presence of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) in Serbia. A total of 239 pepper samples from 39 crops at 26 localities were collected and analyzed for the presence of PMMoV, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Potato virus Y (PVY), and Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), using DAS-ELISA test. Although it was detected in a small percentage, PMMoV could pose a threat to pepper production in Serbia due to its rapid seed-borne spread. Presence of PMMoV was confirmed by serological and biological detection, followed by conventional reverse transcription RT-PCR, using primers specific for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and the coat protein (CP) genes. Molecular identification confirmed that the Serbian isolates belong to PMMoV pathotypes P1,2 which do not break the resistance gene L3. Reconstructed phylogenetic tree confirmed the allocation of the Serbian isolates together with the majority of PMMoV isolates which belong to pathotypes P1,2. This study represents the first serological and molecular characterization of PMMoV infection of pepper in Serbia, and provides important data on the population structure. The obtained data could have great influence on pepper production in Serbia as well as future pepper resistance breeding in the country.

scholarly journals Comparative relations between progesterone blood concentration and appearance of oestrus in cows

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Otava ◽  
Calin Mircu ◽  
Horia Cernescu ◽  
Violeta Igna
Keyword(s):  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Cattle Farms

The timely detection of oestrus presents an important professional procedure with which cattle farmers, in addition to veterinarians, are very often faced, because failure to detect oestrus poses a big economic problem. The objective of this work is to evaluate the efficacy of discovering oestrus in cows by determining the progesterone concentration (P4) in blood plasma. This experiment covered 22 animals, including 15 cows and 7 heifers, in which spontaneous oestrus was discovered. P4 concentration was determined using the ELISA test in samples of blood taken from the animals at the moment of insemination. Of the 15 cows, four cows (26.6%) were not inseminated at the optimal time, and the P4 level in these animals was higher than 1 ng/ml. All the heifers showed a progesterone concentration of over 1 ng/ml, and a percentage of conception which was 85%. The high P4 level in heifers at the moment of insemination could also be a consequence of stress caused by the regrouping and separating of the animals. Even though the heifers were under stress, which is indicated by the high progesteronemia values at the moment of insemination, the percentage of conception among them was beyond expectations. Therefore, the determination of P4 values at the moment of insemination is a suitable method for improving reproduction management on cattle farms. Inappropriate treatment of cows which are expected to show oestrus can cause stress and an increase in the values of the blood concentration of P4. On the grounds of the results obtained in this work, no negative influence of stress on the insemination results in heifers was observed.

scholarly journals Sanitary Status of the Grapevine Germplasm Collection in Republic of Srpska

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Duška Delić ◽  
Biljana Lolić ◽  
Gordana Đurić ◽  
Tatjana Jovanović-Cvetković
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Infected Grapevine ◽  
Rflp Assay ◽  
Das Elisa

In July 2015, 179 grapevine plants belonging to 16 grapevine autochthonous cultivars were assessed for sanitary status using DAS ELISA test for the presence of: Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2)and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3). Furthermore, surveyfor the phytoplasma presence and laboratory analyses using nested-PCR/RFLP assay was conducted at the beginning of September 2015 on grapevine cultivars which were not positive in DAS ELISA test for the presence of the four viruses. Out of 179 tested plants with DAS ELISA test, 146 (81%) were positive for the presence of at least one virus. The most widespread viruses were GFLaV- 1 and GFLaV- 3 with approximately 80 % of grapevines infected. Nested–PCR/RFLP assay showed that out of 33 tested samples 2 were positive for the presence of phytoplasmas from 16SrXII group. Sanitation of infected grapevine cultivars is needed in near future.

Symptomless infection with Clavibacter michiganensis subspecies sepedonicus during tissue culture propagation of potato

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 943-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Schuld ◽  
M. D. Harrison ◽  
J. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Bacterial Ring Rot ◽  
Inoculum Level ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Nodal Cuttings ◽  
Symptomless Infection ◽  
Culturing Conditions

Nodal cuttings of tissue cultured potato (Solarium tuberosum L. ’Sangre’) were inoculated with the bacterial ring rot (BRR) pathogen, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Cms). Under commercial tissue culturing conditions, the pathogen persisted through as many as three micropropagation cycles, each consisting of production of a plantlet from an apical cutting. Infected plantlets did not develop BRR symptoms of leaf wilt or chlorosis. Signs of bacterial presence, cloudiness of tissue culturing medium or foliar lesions, were not present when the inoculum level was low, 5.0 × 102 cfu mL−1. A higher inoculum concentration (5.0 × 103 cfu mL−1) reduced plantlet height, but the lower concentration had no effect on height. Growth and viability of tissue from Cms-inoculated plantlets grown on Murashige and Skoog’s medium without sucrose, a source of carbon, were reduced compared to those grown with sucrose, but BRR symptoms were not induced at these inoculum levels. When transplanted to soilless potting medium, a basal portion of cycle 1 plantlets either died or produced a symptomatic miniplant, indicating that Cms survived during the growth of a plantlet into a miniplant. Nonsymptomatic miniplants were produced by portions of some cycle 2 and 3 Cms-infected plantlets, indicating that successive nodal propagation decreased the number of symptomatic miniplants. Bioassays of these nonsymptomatic miniplants were Cms-negative. Incubating plantlet tissue in Richardson broth for 14 d and visually observing for turbidity was not effective in detecting Cms in cultured potato tissue. Because phytopathogenic bacteria may persist in tissue cultures without causing symptoms, pathogen-specific testing of source plants and plant cultures is necessary to prevent transmission of bacteria to cultured stock and field-grown progeny.Key words: Potato shoot cultures, Solanum tuberosum L., Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, medium with no carbon, bacterial persistence and detection, symptomless infection, Solanum melongena L.

scholarly journals Transmission of Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus in Chickpea by the leafhopper Orosius albicinctus (Distant) in Pakistan – Short communication

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.P. Akhtar ◽  
M. Ahmad ◽  
T.M. Shah ◽  
B.M. Atta
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Orosius Albicinctus ◽  
Transmission Studies ◽  
Das Elisa

Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV, genus Mastervirus, family Geminiviridae) is the most common viral disease of chickpea in Pakistan. Two aphid [Aphis craccivora Koch, Myzus persicae (Sulzer)], two leafhopper [Empoasca devastans Distant, Orosius albicinctus (Distant)] species and an unidentified brown leafhopper were collected in a chickpea field by hand and sweep nets for transmission studies of CpCDV. Transmission results showed that only the leafhopper O. albicinctus successfully transmitted the CpCDV from diseased to healthy chickpea plants. The presence of CpCDV in inoculated plants and the vector O. albicinctus were confirmed by DAS-ELISA test using specific polyclonal antibodies.

scholarly journals Immunochemical, biochemical and pathogenic properties of fluidal and intermediate strains of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 291-293
Author(s):  
B. Kokošková ◽  
R. Jeřabková
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Colony Morphology ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Atypical Cells ◽  
Das Elisa

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Cms), causing ring rot of potato, is a quarantine bacterium. According to colony morphology, Cms occurs mostly as fluidal (smooth), but sometime as intermediate (rough, i.e. less fluidal) variants, too. Commercial monoclonal antibodies (Agdia, USA) were used for determination of 40 Cms strains representing both forms. All Cms strains were reliably identified by IFAS, but atypical cells were sometime recorded in population of intermediate strains. The fluidal Cms strains were more reliably identified using DAS-ELISA and the Biolog GP MicroPlate System<sup>TM</sup> than intermediate strains. The intermediate Cms strains had decreased metabolic activity compared with fluidal strains and that is why they were identified only to the genera or to the species level or not identified. The differences among fluidal and intermediate Cms strains were recorded also in bioassay on eggplants. The intermediate Cms strains caused atypical or no symptoms with comparison to fluidal strains.

scholarly journals Incidence of Garlic common latent virus in Argentina, and phylogenetic and recombination analyses of isolates

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Karina Torrico ◽  
Marcos Giovani Celli ◽  
Luis Rogelio Conci ◽  
Vilma Cecilia Conci
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Latent Virus ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Garlic Common Latent Virus ◽  
German Isolate ◽  
Das Elisa ◽  
Different Parts

The objective of this work was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of Garlic common latent virus (GarCLV) in the main production regions of garlic (Allium sativum) in Argentina, and to perform phylogenetic and recombination analyses in isolates from these regions. Leaf samples (3,050) were taken from four garlic commercial types, in 13 departments of the four main garlic-producing provinces of Argentina, in a 1,175-ha sampling area. Virus infection was evaluated with DAS-Elisa test using specific antiserum, and the phylogenetic and recombination analyses were done with capsid protein (CP) nucleotide sequence of seven GarCLV isolates from the provinces. The incidence of GarCLV in the evaluated provinces varied between 6.7 and 22% of the samples, whereas the prevalence varied between 52.6 and 70%. In the analysis of garlic commercial types, Morado showed the highest incidence of the virus, in the province of San Juan, whereas Rosado Paraguayo had the lowest incidence, in the province of Cordoba. Nucleotide identity in the CP sequences ranged between 80.3 and 97.6%. The phylogenetic analysis shows the presence of two main groups of GarCLV and of a possible third group that would include only a German isolate. The recombination analysis between isolates from different parts of the world evidences the presence of recombinant isolates from Poland and Australia.

scholarly journals First Report of Bacterial Stem Rot Caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and P. carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum on Grafted Eggplant in Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 921-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Catara ◽  
P. Bella ◽  
G. Polizzi ◽  
A. Paratore
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Carotovorum Subsp ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Stem Lesions ◽  
Physiological Tests

In December 1999, widespread dieback of eggplant (Solanum melongena L., hybrid Mission Bell), grafted onto the interspecific hybrid Beaufort (Lycopersicon esculentum × Lycopersicon hirsutum) and on tomato hybrid Energy, was observed during four rootstock evaluation trials in greenhouses in Sicily, Italy. Dark brown to black, firm but sometimes fissured lesions, 1 to 20 cm long, were observed just above the grafting point. Water-soaked, soft, dark green lesions that turned brown with age were observed on the upper stem. Extensive discoloration of vascular tissues and, in some cases, breakdown of the pith and stem hollowness occurred. Eggplant seedlings, present in the same experimental trials, did not show any symptoms. From symptomatic tissues, numerous bacterial colonies were obtained on nutrient dextrose agar. Bacteria from purified colonies were gram-negative, oxidase-negative, facultatively anaerobic pectolitic on crystal violet pectate agar, which is nonfluorescent on King's B medium. On the basis of biochemical and physiological tests (1), seven of 10 isolates were identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Jones 1901) Hauben et al. 1999, comb. nov. (2), and the remaining three were identified as P. carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum (van Hall 1902) Hauben et al. 1999, comb. nov. (2). Four days after prick inoculation of the stems of eggplant and tomato plants, all isolates caused extensive collapse of stems and internal brown discoloration and hollowness, respectively. In a second pathogenicity test, basil leaves of grafted eggplants and eggplant seedlings were either removed or left intact. These plants were then sprayed with bacterial suspensions (108 CFU/ml) of one isolate of each pathogen. Plants were held at 100% relative humidity or in a low-moisture incubator. After 6 days incubation, stem lesions and vascular discoloration, typical of symptoms observed in greenhouses, were observed on plants held at 100% relative humidity. No symptoms were observed in unwounded plants or plants maintained in low relative humidity. Similar symptoms on grafted eggplant have been attributed to physiological disorders (3). To our knowledge, only P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum has been reported on eggplant as causing fruit rot. References: (1) N. W. Schaad, ed. 1988. Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria, 2nd ed. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. (2) L. Hauben et al. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:582, 1999. (3) G. Ginoux and H. Laterrot. Rev. Horticole (Paris) 321:49, 1991.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document