scholarly journals The effect of genotype, housing system and egg collection time on egg quality in egg type hens

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tůmová ◽  
M. Skřivan ◽  
M. Englmaierová ◽  
L. Zita
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Collection Time

The effect of egg collection time, genotype and housing system on egg quality characteristics was evaluated in an experiment with laying hens of ISA Brown, Hisex Brown and Moravia housed on litter and in conventional cages. The experiment was conducted from 20 to 64 weeks of age. Eggs were collected and recorded daily at 06:00, 10:00 and 14:00 h. Once every four weeks, two days in row, all eggs laid from each pen or cage at each oviposition time were used for egg quality analyses (total 1 694 eggs). Egg collection time was dependent on genotype. Significantly more eggs were laid at 06:00h by ISA Brown while Moravia laid eggs mainly at 10:00 and 14:00 h. Housing on litter postponed the time of oviposition. The highest egg weight (62.09 g) was recorded in Hisex Brown genotype placed in cages and at 06.00 h. Interactions of all factors were determined also in Haugh units (<I>P</i> ≤ 0.041). Eggshell strength was affected by housing system, genotype and egg collection time (<I>P</i> ≤ 0.049). It was higher in cages than on litter, and lower in the Moravia genotype in comparison with the other two strains.

scholarly journals Effect of time of oviposition on egg quality characteristics in cages and in a litter housing system

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tůmová ◽  
T. Ebeid
Keyword(s):  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Cage System ◽  
Eggshell Quality

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of the time of oviposition on egg quality characteristics in two different housing systems (cages vs. litter). ISA brown hens from 20 to 64 weeks of age were housed in battery cages (550 cm<sup>2</sup>/hen, 19 526 laying hens in the house) and on deep litter (7 hen/m<sup>2</sup>, 4 652 laying hens in the house). In both houses, eggs were collected daily at three oviposition times 06:00, 10:00 and 14:00 h. Every four weeks, 90 eggs for each house (30 eggs for each oviposition time) were used for egg quality assessment. The results indicated that in cages the highest percentages (P &le; 0.001) of normal (74.47%), non-standard (0.85%) and cracked (1.80%) eggs were laid in the early morning (06:00 h). On deep litter, however, the highest percentages (P &le; 0.05) of normal sound eggs were produced at10:00 h (35.43%) and at14:00 h (33.03%). In the cage system, the heaviest eggs (63.01 g) were laid in the early morning (06:00 h) and the highest shell percentage (10.33%) was in eggs laid in the afternoon and also at 10:00 h (10.31%). On the other hand, in the litter housing system, the time of oviposition had no significant effect on egg weight and eggshell quality characteristics except for shell thickness. Morning eggs had greater shell thickness (0.398 mm) than afternoon eggs (0.390 mm). In cages and on litter, statistically significant differences in albumen height, albumen index and Haugh Units were observed between early morning eggs and afternoon eggs and data showed a pattern of relatively higher albumen quality for eggs collected in the afternoon in both systems. &nbsp;

scholarly journals The Effect of the Type of Alternative Housing System, Genotype and Age of Laying Hens on Egg Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Sokołowicz ◽  
Józefa Krawczyk ◽  
Magdalena Dykiel
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Alternative Housing ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
System Type ◽  
Eggshell Color

Abstract The present study investigated the effect of the type of alternative housing system, and genotype and age of laying hens on physical traits of egg shell and contents. It was demonstrated that alternative housing system type influenced egg weight and shape, and eggshell color and yolk color intensity. Eggs from free-range system were heavier and were characterized by more intense yolk color. No effect of alternative housing system type on albumen height, value of Haugh units (HU value) and presence of meat and blood spots was noted. Hen genotype had a significant effect on egg weight and eggshell color intensity in each of the alternative housing systems tested in this study. Hy-line Brown hens laid heavier eggs than hens of native breeds. Genotype was also observed to affect egg content traits (albumen height, HU values and presence of meat and blood spots). Independently of the type of alternative housing system, most blood and meat spots were noted in eggs of hens laying brown-shelled eggs, i.e. R-11 and Hy-line Brown layers. Laying hen age significantly impacted on egg weight, yolk percentage, eggshell traits (color intensity, weight, thickness and strength) and egg content traits (HU value, yolk weight and color intensity, presence of meat and blood spots). Older hens laid heavier eggs with a greater yolk percentage but with thinner eggshell.

scholarly journals Performance of Laying Hens Fed Sorghum Based Diets Supplemented with Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
O. M. Agunbiade ◽  
P. A. Onimisi ◽  
J. J. Omage
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Sorghum is the primary alternative feedstuff for corn in some developed countries in the production of poultry. Thus, four hundred and fifty 32 weeks old Lohmann Brown laying hens were used in a study to evaluate the effect of replacing maize with sorghum with or without enzymes supplementation, on egg laying performance and egg quality characteristics of laying hens. Birds were distributed randomly into six dietary treatments with three replicates per treatment, each replicate had 25 birds with uniform initial group weights. The treatments included maize without enzymes (T1); sorghum without enzymes (T2); as controls respectively, while T3, T4, T5, and T6 contained sorghum based diets with phytase, protease, G2G, and a combination of protease and G2G respectively. Laying performance, cost of production, and egg quality characteristics were determined for the period of the trial, 33-56 weeks of age of the birds. All data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, using the completely randomized design (CRD) and significant differences among treatment means were compared using the Tukey test. Significant (p<0.05) differences were observed among dietary treatments but with no defined trend observed for egg production traits. Daily feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) higher in maize control diet compared to the other treatments. Diets supplemented with phytase (T3), protease (14), and combination of protease and roxazyme G2G (T6) had significantly (p<0.05) better feed conversion ratio with T3 having the lowest value of 4.01 compared to the other treatments. For feed cost/dozen egg (N), Kg feed/dozen eggs, income above feed cost at N30 per egg, and income above control treatment; phytase (T3), protease (T4), roxazyme 626 (T5), and protease + roxacyme G2G (T6) diets in this study showed better performance than the control. Sorghum diet without enzyme had significantly (p<0.05) least performance for egg number. Hen housed egg production (HHP) and hen day egg production (HDP) compared to the other treatments while sorghum diet with phytase had the highest value (60.12g/day) for average egg weight compared to the other treatments. Egg quality characteristics showed the best performance for dietary treatments supplemented with phytase (T3) in all the other parameters considered, apart from the albumen height, yolk diameter, and yolk index. It was concluded therefore, that sorghum with phytase and protease supplementations can be used in layers' diets as a substitute for maize for optimum egg production.

scholarly journals Effects of Genotype, Age and Their Interaction on Egg Quality in Brown-Egg Laying Hens

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukáš Zita ◽  
Eva Tůmová ◽  
Ladislav Štolc
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Eggshell Thickness ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Quality Measurements

The experiment compared the effects of strain and age on egg quality characteristics in ISA Brown, Hisex Brown and Moravia BSL brown-egg laying hens. One hundred and eight ISA Brown hens, forty-five Hisex Brown and forty-five Moravia BSL 20 to 60 weeks old were housed in conventional cages (550 cm2 per hen). Feed and water were available ad libitum. Eggs were sampled at 21-day intervals, every collecting week 150 eggs per genotype in three age periods, from 20 to 26 weeks, 37 to 43 weeks and 54 to 60 weeks of age. A total of 4,050 eggs were examined. Egg quality characteristics were affected by genotype and age. Egg weight, yolk weight and percentage, Haugh Units increased with the hens’ age in all genotypes, but albumen and eggshell percentage decreased, eggshell thickness and strength improved with age. The highest egg weight (65.3 g) and yolk quality (yolk index 45.1%) were found in Moravia BSL at the end of the experiment. In contrast, the best albumen quality (albumen percentage 60.0) values were in Hisex Brown and the eggshell quality measurements (eggshell thickness 0.38 mm) were higher in ISA Brown.

scholarly journals Superiority of coarse eggshell as a calcium source over limestone, cockle shell, oyster shell, and fine eggshell in old laying hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo-Do Lee ◽  
Damini Kothari ◽  
Kai-Min Niu ◽  
Jeong-Min Lim ◽  
Da-Hye Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cockle Shell

AbstractChicken eggshell (ES) waste is a rich source of calcium carbonate (CaCO3); however, the potential of ES as dietary calcium (Ca) in old laying hens has not been explored. This study compared the effects of feeding limestone, cockle shell, oyster shell, fine ES, and coarse ES as the sole Ca source on production performance, egg quality, blood biochemical constituents, and tibia characteristics in old laying hens. A total of 450 ISA-Brown laying hens at 73 wk of age with similar egg production rate (EPR) were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups (90 hens/group, 9 hens/replicate) for 7 wk. Dietary treatment groups comprised a corn-soybean meal based diet containing different Ca sources: (i) limestone (LS; < 2 mm and 2–4 mm mixed in the ratio of 3:7) as control, (ii) cockle shell (CS; 1–4 mm), (iii) oyster shell (OS; 3–16 mm), (iv) ES fine particles (ESF; < 1 mm), and (v) ES coarse particles (ESC; 3–5 mm). Results indicated that dietary inclusion of coarse ES particles significantly increased average egg weight (P < 0.001) and daily egg mass (P < 0.05), and decreased feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001) as compared with the other treatments. However, no significant differences in EPR, feed intake, cracked egg proportion, and mortality were observed among the dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Notably, the use of ESF led to a lower proportion of cracked eggs than ESC (P < 0.05). ESC fed hens produced the heaviest eggs whereas CS fed hens produced the lightest (P < 0.001); the particle size of ES also affected the egg weight (P < 0.05). The eggs from OS and ESC fed hens showed a greater albumen height in comparison to eggs from CS group (P < 0.05); but no significant difference was observed among the LS, OS, ESF, and ESC groups (P > 0.05). The yolk color was darker in the eggs of group ESF as compared with other dietary groups (P < 0.01). However, no significant effects on Haugh units and shell properties were observed among the treatments (P > 0.05). The blood biochemistry results were not affected by the dietary Ca (P > 0.05) except for lower levels of high-density lipoprotein percentage (HDL %) in OS and ESC fed hens (P < 0.05). The tibia characteristics including weight, length, width, and breaking strength did not differ among the dietary groups (P > 0.05). However, the ESC and OS fed hens showed higher tibia bone mineral density (BMD) than the other groups (P < 0.001). In conclusion, coarse ES as a sole Ca source had beneficial effects on the production performance, egg quality, and tibia BMD in old laying hens.

scholarly journals The Effect of Storage and Age of Hens on the Quality of Table Eggs

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidija Perić ◽  
Mirjana Đukić Stojčić ◽  
Siniša Bjedov
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Significant Negative Effect ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Negative Effect

AbstractQuality of poultry products, especially eggs, is a very important issue for the consumers and for the processing industry. The aim of the present study was to examine the interaction between the storage time and age of laying hens and their effect on the quality of table eggs. Eggs from 34 and 59- wk-old Bovans Brown hens were sampled and stored in the refrigerator for 1, 2, and 3 weeks. Significant effect of hen age (P<0.01) was found on egg weight, shell strength, albumen height and Haugh units (HU). Eggs from older hens had 2.58% higher mass compared to the eggs of young hens. Eggs from 59-weeks old hens had significantly lower shell strength (3.63 kg vs. 4.31 kg). Albumen height and HU were lower in eggs from the older hens compared to the young ones (5.7 mm vs. 7.11 mm for albumen height; 70.35 vs. 81.77 for HU). Significant negative effect of storage time was found on egg weight, albumen height, HU and yolk colour (P<0.01). The results indicated that egg quality characteristics monitored in this study decrease by hen age and during storage. The interaction effects between storage time and age of hens were significant only for yolk colour (P<0.05).

scholarly journals The effect of oviposition time and genotype on egg quality characteristics in egg type hens

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tůmová ◽  
L. Zita ◽  
M. Hubený ◽  
M. Skřivan ◽  
Z. Ledvinka
Keyword(s):  
Egg Quality ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
F1 Cross ◽  
Dominant Genotype ◽  
Collection Time ◽  
Group 1

In an experiment with three strains of Dominant genotype the effect of oviposition on egg quality characteristics was investigated. Laying hens of the Blue strain (group 1), Plymouth Rock (group 2) and their F1 cross (group 3) from 20 to 64 weeks of age were housed on litter (9 birds per m2). The collection time was at 6.00, 10.00 and 14.00 h. Eggs were gathered in a 28-day interval, every two days all produced eggs (720 eggs in total). The time of oviposition was influenced by genotype. The highest number of eggs was collected in the Plymouth Rock strain at 6.00 (53.5%) and the lowest in the Blue strain at 14.00 (11.1%). There were interactions between the time of oviposition and genotype in egg weight. Eggs laid in the morning at 6.00 were significantly heavier (60.5 g, 64.9 g and 62.1 g) in comparison with eggs laid in the afternoon (59.3 g, 62.4 g and 62.7 g). The heaviest eggs were produced by the Plymouth Rock strain. Significant interactions were observed in eggshell weight when the heaviest eggshell was in afternoon eggs (5.6 g, 5.8 and 5.9 g) and F1 genotype. The egg shape index was also affected by the genotype and time of oviposition. Among the albumen quality characteristics only Haugh Units were influenced by genotype and significantly higher numbers were determined in the Plymouth Rock strain (85.0, 85.3 and 84.7). The genotype significantly affected also the yolk index which was the highest in F1 genotype (45.4%, 45.4% and 44.5%).

scholarly journals Performance of Laying Hens Fed Sorghum Based Diets Supplemented with Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
O. M Agunbiade ◽  
P. A Onimisi ◽  
J. J. Omage
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Sorghum is the primary alternative feedstuff for corn in some developed countries in the production of poultry. Thus, four hundred and fifty 32 weeks old Lohmann Brown laying hens were used in a study to evaluate the effect of replacing maize with sorghum with or without enzymes supplementation, on egg laying performance and egg quality characteristics of laying hens. Birds were distributed randomly into six dietary treatments with three replicates per treatment, each replicate had 25 birds with uniform initial group weights. The treatments included maize without enzymes (T1); sorghum without enzymes (T2); as controls respectively, while T3, T4, T5, and T6 contained sorghum based diets with phytase, protease, G2G, and a combination of protease and G2G respectively. Laying performance, cost of production, and egg quality characteristics were determined for the period of the trial, 33 -56 weeks of age of the birds. All data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, using the completely randomized design (CRD) and significant differences among treatment means were compared using the Tukey test. Significant (p<0.05) differences were observed among dietary treatments but with no defined trend observed for egg production traits. Daily feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) higher in maize control diet compared to the other treatments. Diets supplemented with phytase (T3), protease (T4), and combination of protease and roxazyme G2G (T6) had significantly (p<0.05) better feed conversion ratio with T3 having the lowest value of 4.01 compared to the other treatments. For feed cost/dozen egg (N), Kg feed/dozen eggs, income above feed cost at N30 per egg, and income above control treatment; phytase (T3), protease (T4), roxazyme G2G (T5), and protease + roxazyme G2G (T6) diets in this study showed better performance than the control. Sorghum diet without enzyme had significantly (p<0.05) least performance for egg number, Hen housed egg production (HHP) and hen day egg production (HDP) compared to the other treatments while sorghum diet with phytase had the highest value (60.12g/day) for average egg weight compared to the other treatments. Egg quality characteristics showed the best performance for dietary treatments supplemented with phytase (T3) in all the other parameters considered, apart from the albumen height, yolk diameter, and yolk index. It was concluded therefore, that sorghum with phytase and protease supplementations can be used in layers' diets as a substitute for maize for optimum egg production.

scholarly journals Fish by-product meal in diets for commercial laying hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
André Ferreira Silva ◽  
Frank George Guimarães Cruz ◽  
João Paulo Ferreira Rufino ◽  
Waldo Mateus Plácido Miller ◽  
Nathália Siqueira Flor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

 This study aimed to evaluate the increasing levels (0, 1, 2, 3 e 4%) of fish by-product meal in diets for laying hens on performance, egg quality and economic analysis. A total of 160 Dekalb White hens with 52-wk old were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates of eight birds each. The experiment lasted 84 days divided into four periods of 21 days. Estimates of fish by-product meal levels were determined by polynomial regression. Differences (p < 0.05) were detected for all variables of performance, in egg weight, yolk and albumen percentage, yolk and albumen height, feed cost and production cost, in which the inclusion of fish by-product meal in the diets showed better results. It can be concluded that fish by-product meal can be used in diets for hens as alternative feed, with better results in egg production, feed conversion, egg weight, yolk-albumen ratio and a reduction in feed cost and production cost. 

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