scholarly journals On the need for revision of some names of plant health malfunctions and their categorisation

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kůdela
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Plant Medicine

The development of branches dealing with plant health science and plant health care proceeded more or less in three separate disciplines dealing with microbial plant pathogens (plant pathology), animal pests (applied entomology, etc.) and weeds (weed science). It resulted in disunity in concepts of basic terms such as disease, disorder and injury, in different approaches to categorisation and naming of the main types of plant health problems, and in ambivalence in the use of names for plant malfunctions of abiotic origin. Different terms are used with varying frequency for denoting the same phenomenon. The tenor of this article is to submit some suggestions for redefinition of the main types of plant health problems, their new classification and categorisation. We used the following criteria for classification of a wide spectrum of plant health problems: origin of causal agent, the mechanism by which the causal agent disrupts plant health, and epidemiological features. After the analysis of common and different properties of particular plant health problems and relationships between them, we categorised them using three neologisms, namely bioticosis, abioticosis and co-abio-bioticosis. Redefinitions of the main types of plant health problems are presented. A polyfunctional role of animal pests in plant malfunctions is discussed. Besides, examples of proposed common names for plant malfunctions caused by abiotic agents are given. The objective of the submitted suggestions is to support efforts aimed at conceptual, nomenclatural and institutional unification of plant medicine as a theoretical/practical branch.  

IT-Based Classification for Supply Chain Coordination Mechanisms

2013 ◽  
pp. 148-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Ghahremani ◽  
Mohammad Jafar Tarokh
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Supply Chain Coordination ◽  
Coordination Mechanisms ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Role Of It

Managing dependencies via coordination is an effective solution for the problems that arise from these interdependencies in supply chains. This can be practical via a set of methods called coordination mechanisms. Numerous coordination mechanisms have been discussed before in literature. This paper develops a new classification of these mechanisms on the basis of information technology (IT) impact on them. This classification proves the important role of IT in better coordinating supply chains and help managers distinguish between coordination mechanisms that are created and improved by information technology and thus lead them to have the best choice based on their infrastructures and organization type.

Studies of Expertise and Experience: A Sociological Perspective on Expertise

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-102
Author(s):  
Harry Collins ◽  
Robert Evans
Keyword(s):  
Science Studies ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Imitation Game ◽  
Interactional Expertise ◽  
New Research

The research programme known as Studies of Expertise and Experience (SEE), often referred to as the “Third Wave of Science Studies,” treats expertise as real and as the property of social groups. This chapter explains the foundations of SEE and sets out the theoretical and methodological innovations created using this approach. These include the development of a new classification of expertise, which identifies a new kind of expertise called “interactional expertise,” and the creation of a new research method known as the Imitation Game designed to explore the content and distribution of interactional expertise. It concludes by showing how SEE illuminates a number of contemporary issues such as the challenges of interdisciplinary working and the role of experts in a “post-truth” society.

scholarly journals Juridical Persons and Subjects of Public Law: in Legal Balance Search

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Вениамин Яковлев ◽  
Vyeniamin YAkovlyev ◽  
Эльвира Талапина ◽  
Elvira Talapina
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Law ◽  
Public Law ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Civil Status ◽  
Juridical Person ◽  
Public Entity

The joint position of civil and administrative law specialists concerning an opportunity and need to obtain by public law subjects of the juridical person status is presented in this article. Public entity is a civil law subject, but it is presented by its public bodies. Considering features of public authorities as juridical person, authors draw the conclusion about a secondary role of a civil status. The article suggests new classification of administrative law subjects for public and private subjects depending on their role in public administration. The category of the juridical person of public law could be useful to settle the problem of the state “double face” in private relations. At the same time the authors call attention to various and ambiguous prospects of the Russian legislation development in this concept should be employed. The authors have formulated the principle of correct adoption according to which traditional civil concepts have to be accepted by public law in their initial understanding, without distortions, and vice versa.

scholarly journals Safeguarding through science: Center for Plant Health Science and Technology 2009 Accomplishments

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Response And Recovery

The Center for Plant Health Science and Technology (CPHST) provides scientific support for the regulatory decisions and operations of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service’s (APHIS) Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) program in order to safeguard U.S. agriculture and natural resources. CPHST is responsible for ensuring that PPQ has the information, tools, and technology to make the most scientifically valid regulatory and policy decisions possible. In addition, CPHST ensures that PPQ’s operations have the most scientifically viable and practical tools for pest exclusion, detection, and management. This 2009 CPHST Annual Report is intended to offer an in-depth look at the status of our programs and the progress CPHST has made toward the Center’s long-term strategic goals. CPHST's work is organized into six National Science Programs: Agricultural Quarantine Inspection and Port Technology; Risk and Pathway Analysis; Domestic Surveillance, Detection, and Identification; Emergency Response; Response and Recovery Systems Technology - Arthropods; and Response and Recovery Systems Technology - Plant Pathogens and Weeds. the scientists of CPHST provide leadership and expertise in a wide range of fields, including risk assessments that support trade, commodity quarantine treatments, pest survey and detection methods, molecular diagnostics, biological control techniques, integrated pest management, and mass rearing of insects. Some highlights of significant CPHST efforts in 2009 include: Establishment of the National Ornamentals Research Site at Dominican University of California, Established LBAM Integrated Pest Management and Survey Methods, Continue to develop Citrus Greening/Huanglongbing Management Tools, and further European Grapevine Moth (EGVM) Response.

scholarly journals Phenomenological classification of cultural heritage: role of virtual reality

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyuk-Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Virtual Experiences

Human consciousness is always the consciousness toward some thing and our perception of cultural heritage is no exception. Thus, understanding human cognition is closely related to understanding how the perceptible objects are classified in human mind. The perceptible objects include both physical and virtual experiences and thoughts, and it is important and necessary to analyze the types and the effective levels of those objects. With the emergence of Virtual Reality (VR) technologies in cultural heritage field, it is necessary to understand how and why different cognitive media such as realor visual reality including VR, are differently recognized by people. This study suggests the philosophical and theoretical frame for the usage of phenomenological classfication and analysis. By using this new classification with the case of Korean built heritage, the role of VR is explained in cultural discourse of the community.

Chemokines in the pathogenesis of liver disease: so many players with poorly defined roles

2002 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. SIMPSON ◽  
Neil C. HENDERSON ◽  
Cynthia L. BONE-LARSON ◽  
Nicholas W. LUKACS ◽  
Cory M. HOGABOAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Hepatic Disease ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
New Classification

Many new chemokines have been described in recent years, resulting in a new classification of these chemoattractant proteins. The characterization of the biological functions of most chemokines relates to their ability to induce chemotaxis in circulating inflammatory cells. However, it is now clear that chemokines have a much wider biological role, including angiogenesis, carcinogenesis and involvement in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. Our understanding of the role of chemokines in the pathogenesis of disorders of the lungs and brain outstrips that with regard to disorders of the liver. An increased understanding of the role of chemokines in the pathogenesis of liver disease may lead to the development of novel therapies for hepatic disease.

Role of Contrast-Enhanced Voiding Urosonography in the Evaluation of Renal Transplant Reflux – Comparison with Voiding Cystourethrography and a New Classification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Maria Drudi ◽  
Flavia Angelini ◽  
Michele Bertolotto ◽  
Antonio Granata ◽  
Giovanni Battista Di Pierro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Voiding Cystourethrography ◽  
Voiding Urosonography ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Kidney Transplant Patients

AbstractVesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common urological complication in renal transplant patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography (CEvUS) in the diagnosis and classification of reflux into the renal allograft, to evaluate and classify VUR into the allograft using voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and CEvUS, to compare the two methods, and to propose a new classification of reflux into the allograft based on CEvUS and VCUG assessment, in line with the international reflux grading system. Materials and Methods From January 2017 to July 2019, 84 kidney transplant patients were enrolled. All patients underwent VCUG and CEvUS. Results In 76 cases there was agreement between VCUG and CEvUS (90 %) (Kappa = 0.7). The sensitivity of CEvUS using VCUG as the gold standard was 90 %, and the specificity was 92 %. Of the 7 cases diagnosed by VCUG and not by CEvUS, 6 were grade 1 and 1 was grade 2. Conclusion Transplant patients with reflux symptoms should undergo CEvUS. If the outcome is negative, VCUG should be performed. The classification that we propose is better suited to describe VUR in transplant patients, because it is simpler and takes into account whether reflux occurs not only during urination but also when the bladder is relaxed.

scholarly journals A review on the role of functional limitations on evacuation performance using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivera Bukvic ◽  
Gunilla Carlsson ◽  
Giedre Gefenaite ◽  
Björn Slaug ◽  
Steven M. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Limitations ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Health Science ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This scoping review addresses the role of functional limitations on evacuation performance of adults in public buildings. Although this topic has been addressed in evacuation research, no linkage is currently available between functional limitations, the predominant activities affected by them and evacuation performance. This review strives to open a debate on the need to classify the impact of disability in terms of functional limitations on evacuation performance according to methods adopted in health science. This paper reviews literature concerning evacuation from public buildings with adults aged ≥ 60 years and/or adults aged ≥ 18 years with functional limitations. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health has been used to identify predominant activities during an evacuation and to perform a structured classification at different levels of resolution to address self-evacuation possibilities. Results of the review are presented in a tabular form linking predominant activities in terms of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and six categories of functional limitations with the engineering evacuation time-line. The suggested classification can facilitate the assessment of the evacuation-related issues in buildings in relation to the population under consideration. The main research gaps identified include the lack of studies concerning the impact of cognitive limitations on egress, and the need to add the temporal dimension to the methods adopted in accessibility research to allow for their use in the egress field.

IT-Based Classification for Supply Chain Coordination Mechanisms

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Ghahremani ◽  
Mohammad Jafar Tarokh
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Supply Chain Coordination ◽  
Coordination Mechanisms ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Role Of It

Managing dependencies via coordination is an effective solution for the problems that arise from these interdependencies in supply chains. This can be practical via a set of methods called coordination mechanisms. Numerous coordination mechanisms have been discussed before in literature. This paper develops a new classification of these mechanisms on the basis of information technology (IT) impact on them. This classification proves the important role of IT in better coordinating supply chains and help managers distinguish between coordination mechanisms that are created and improved by information technology and thus lead them to have the best choice based on their infrastructures and organization type.

Update on lymphoma pathology I: epidemiology and the role of viruses and radiation in the pathogenesis of lymphoid neoplasia

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
RW Blewitt
Keyword(s):  
Neoplastic Transformation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Complex Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Lymphoid Neoplasia

An average human contains about 500g lymphocytes, equivalent to an organ one third the size of the liver, but far more likely to undergo neoplastic transformation. Lymphocytes are the most extensively studied and complex cell type in the body, and this is equally true for their tumours. Enormous advances have been achieved in the epidemiology, cytogenetics, and classification of lymphoid tumours. In these papers we shall see how remarkably close we are to understanding the cause of some types of lymphoid cancer. Part I will concentrate on epidemiology and the role of viruses and radiation. The contribution to lymphoid neoplasia of genetic mutations will be reviewed in Part II, and the new classification will be presented in a subsequent part.

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