scholarly journals Wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) breeding program aimed at the use of this tree in the Czech forestry

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 202-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kobliha
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Certified Seed ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Wild Cherry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Prunus Avium L

The paper widely introduces European experience in wild cherry breeding because it is the first one from a prepared series of articles aimed at wild cherry breeding in the Czech Republic. Beginnings of wild cherry breeding program for the Czech forestry are described. Plus trees were certified, seed orchards, clone archives, progeny and clonal tests were established. Clones were tested for fl owering of grafts in reproductive plantations. Progenies and clones were tested for growth parameters in progeny and clonal tests. Progenies and clones in every breeding plantation were tested for damage by aphids.

scholarly journals First evaluation of growth parameters in clonal test with wild cherry

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hajnala ◽  
M. Lstibůrek ◽  
J. Kobliha
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wild Cherry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Clonal Test ◽  
Clonal Trial

A 6-year-old clonal trial with 13 clones of wild cherry (<i>Prunus avium</i> L.) was evaluated during the summer of 2004 at 6 different sites in the Czech Republic. Observed traits were the stem height, stem diameter, health status, and mortality. The mixed linear model was implemented with either independent or the autoregressive error structure. The later provided better fit to the data. At this age, only one clone outperformed the remaining ones in volume production. Suggestions for future research activities are provided that should lead to the establishment of long-term breeding programs with wild cherry in the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals S-Genotype Diversity in Wild Cherry Populations in the Czech Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
K. Sharma ◽  
J. Korecký ◽  
E.D. Patrizio Soldateschi ◽  
P. Sedlák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Forest Tree Breeding ◽  
Wild Cherry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
In The Wild

Abstract Wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) S-genotyping is aimed to uncover and thus make it possible to select appropriate genotypes applicable in establishing commercial plantations and advanced forest tree breeding activities. The general and long-term aim is to increase genetic gain in economically valuable traits while maintaining sufficient genetic variability (represented by diverse S-alleles in population). We genotyped 123 accessions from wild cherry growing areas in the Czech Republic using polymerase chain reaction based length polymorphisms detection of S-RNase and SFB genes. The studied plant material revealed 18 different S-haplotypes, 54 S-genotypes corresponded to 25 defined incompatibility groups of cultivated sweet cherry. Eighteen unique S-genotypes were designated to group ‘0’ as a universal pollinator. Eleven new incompatibility groups were found out, of which four were cross-compatible with sweet cherry cultivars. The most frequent was a new incompatibility group S14S21 followed by the group S12S14. The haplotypes S14 (13%) and S1 (10%) were the most frequent whereas S20 was less frequent in the wild populations of cherry. The present study of S-genotyping in the wild cherry population reveals the genetic diversity structure of natural populations and hopefully will help define the breeding strategy including more accurate planning activities such as the optimal seed design of orchards.

Clonal structure and recruitment in British wild cherry (Prunus avium L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 242 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 419-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Vaughan ◽  
J.E. Cottrell ◽  
D.J. Moodley ◽  
T. Connolly ◽  
K. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Clonal Structure ◽  
Wild Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium L

scholarly journals First report of Cherry virus F infecting Japanese plum in Korea

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeonhwa Jo ◽  
Hoseong Choi ◽  
Jin Kyong Cho ◽  
Won Kyong Cho
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Protein Database ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
First Report ◽  
Japanese Plum ◽  
Leaf Spots

Cherry virus F (CVF) is a tentative member of the genus Fabavirus in the family Secoviridae, consisting of two RNA segments (Koloniuk et al. 2018). To date, CVF has been documented in only sweet cherry (Prunus avium) in the Czech Republic (Koloniuk et al. 2018), Canada, and Greece. In May 2014, we collected leaf samples from four symptomatic (leaf spots and dapple fruits) and two asymptomatic Japanese plum cultivars (Sun and Gadam) grown in an orchard in Hoengseong, South Korea, to identify viruses and viroids infecting plum trees. Total RNA from individual plum trees was extracted using two commercial kits: Fruit-mate for RNA Purification Kit (Takara, Shiga, Japan) and RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). We generated six mRNA libraries from the six different plum cultivars for RNA-sequencing using the TruSeq RNA Library Preparation Kit v2 (Illumina, CA, U.S.A.) as described previously (Jo et al. 2017). The mRNA libraries were paired-end (2 X 100 bp) sequenced with a HiSeq 2000 system (Macrogen, Seoul, Korea). The raw sequence reads were de novo assembled by Trinity program v. 2.8.6, with default parameters (Haas et al. 2013). The assembled contigs were subjected to BLASTX search against the non-redundant protein database in NCBI. Of the two asymptomatic cultivars, the transcriptome of asymptomatic plum cv. Gadam contained five contigs specific to CVF. Two and three contigs were specific to CVF RNA1 (2,571 reads, coverage 42.15%) and RNA2 (2,025 reads, coverage 53.04%), respectively. The size of these five contigs ranged from 241 to 5,986 bp. Contigs of 5,986 and 3,867 bp in length, referred to as CVF isolate Gadam RNA1 (GenBank MN896996) and RNA2 (GenBank MN896995), respectively, were subjected to BLASTP search against NCBI’s non-redundant protein database. The results showed that the polyprotein sequences of RNA1 and RNA2 shared 95.3% and 93.11% amino acid identities with isolates SwC-H_1a from the Czech Republic (GenBank acc. no. AWB36326) and Stac-3B_c8 from Canada (AZZ10055), respectively. To confirm the infection of CVF in cv. Gadam, RT-PCR was conducted using CVF RNA1-specific primers designed based on the CVF reference genome sequences (MH998210 and MH998216), including 5’-CCACCAAATAGGCAAGAGGTCAC-3’ (position 3190–3212) and 5’-CACAATCACCATCAATGGTCTCTGC-3’ (position 3742–3766), and CVF RNA2-specific primers, including 5’-CTGCTTTATGATGCTAGACATCAAGATG-3’ (position 1015–1042) and 5’-ACAATAGGCATGCTCATCTCAACCTC-3’ (position 1594–1619). We amplified 577-bp RNA1-specific and 605-bp RNA2-specific amplicons that were cloned and then performed Sanger sequencing. Sequencing of the cloned amplicons for isolate Gadam RNA1 (GenBank MN896993) and RNA2 (GenBank MN896994) revealed values of 99.48% and 99.17% nucleotide identity to that of RNA1 and RNA2 determined by high-throughput sequencing, respectively. Additionally, we tested five plants for each of the six plum cultivars grown in the same orchard. The detection of CVF was carried out through PCR using the primers and protocol described above. Of the 30 trees, CVF was detected in three trees of cv. Gadam by both primer pairs. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CVF infecting Japanese plum and the first report of the virus in Korea. However, its prevalence in other Prunus species, including apricot, European plum, and peach, should be further elucidated.

SWEET CHERRY (PRUNUS AVIUM L.) BREEDING PROGRAM IN SOUTHERN SPAIN

2014 ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. López-Corrales ◽  
J.R. Mateos ◽  
M.V. Alarcón ◽  
P. Bañuls ◽  
F. Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Prunus Avium L

scholarly journals Results of Czech ash provenance experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 263-274
Author(s):  
Buriánek Václav ◽  
Novotný Petr ◽  
Dostál Jaroslav
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Provenance Trial ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Regions

This study is focused on testing progenies of common and narrow-leaved ash based on the measurement of provenance trial plots established in various forest regions under different site conditions within the Czech Republic in the spring of 1999. Height and diameter growth of 35 provenances was measured and evaluated at the stand age of 10–14 years. The main goal of this research is to analyse and compare differences in growth between progenies originating from alluvial versus scree habitats as well as between the two evaluated ash species. Moreover, the influence of localities on growth was tested using standard provenances planted on all plots. The results of the last measurement were compared with those from the first survey in 2000 at the age of 4–5 years (1 year after planting). With the exception of DBH on the Koněprusy plot, statistically significant differences in height and diameter growth between provenances were verified. The results confirmed a very strong site influence on growth. The main conclusions indicate significant differences in growth parameters between provenances, faster growth of alluvial versus scree provenances on most lowland plots, and generally faster growth of narrow-leaved ash as compared to common ash.

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