scholarly journals The effect of cover crops on the fungal and bacterial communities in the soil under carrot cultivation

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Patkowska ◽  
M. Błażewicz-Woźniak ◽  
M. Konopiński ◽  
D. Wach
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Bacterial Communities

Impacts of cover crops and nitrogen fertilization on agricultural soil fungal and bacterial communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Castle ◽  
Deborah A. Samac ◽  
Jessica L. Gutknecht ◽  
Michael J. Sadowsky ◽  
Carl J. Rosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Agricultural Soil

scholarly journals Cover crops in arable lands increase functional complementarity and redundancy of bacterial communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-664
Author(s):  
Abdelrahman Alahmad ◽  
Guillaume Decocq ◽  
Fabien Spicher ◽  
Louay Kheirbeik ◽  
Ahmad Kobaissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Functional Complementarity

scholarly journals Going Beyond Soil Conservation with the Use of Cover Crops in Mediterranean Sloping Olive Orchards

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1387
Author(s):  
Luis F. Arias-Giraldo ◽  
Gema Guzmán ◽  
Miguel Montes-Borrego ◽  
David Gramaje ◽  
José A. Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Among the agricultural practices promoted by the Common Agricultural Policy to increase soil functions, the use of cover crops is a recommended tool to improve the sustainability of Mediterranean woody crops such as olive orchards. However, there is a broad range of cover crop typologies in relation to its implementation, control and species composition. In that sense, the influence of different plant species on soil quality indicators in olive orchards remains unknown yet. This study describes the effects of four treatments based on the implementation of different ground covers (CC-GRA: sown cover crop with gramineous, CC-MIX: sown cover crop with a mixture of species and CC-NAT: cover crop with spontaneous vegetation) and conventional tillage (TILL) on soil erosion, soil physicochemical and biological properties after 8 years of cover crop establishment. Our results demonstrated that the presence of a temporary cover crop (CC), compared to a soil under tillage (TILL), can reduce soil losses and maintain good soil physicochemical properties and modify greatly the structure and diversity of soil bacterial communities and its functioning. The presence of a homogeneous CC of gramineous (Lolium rigidum or Lolilum multiflorum) (CC-GR) for 8 years increased the functional properties of the soil as compared to TILL; although the most relevant change was a modification on the bacterial community composition that was clearly different from the rest of treatments. On the other hand, the use of a mixture of plant species (CC-MIX) as a CC for only two years although did not modify greatly the structure and diversity of soil bacterial communities compared to the TILL soil, induced significant changes on the functional properties of the soil and reverted those properties to a level similar to that of an undisturbed soil that had maintained a natural cover of spontaneous vegetation for decades (CC-NAT).

New Technologies to Combat Herbicide Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
Rob Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
The Uk

Herbicide resistance in problem weeds is now a major threat to global food production, being particularly widespread in wild grasses affecting cereal crops. In the UK, black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) holds the title of number one agronomic problem in winter wheat, with the loss of production associated with herbicide resistance now estimated to cost the farming sector at least £0.5 billion p.a. Black-grass presents us with many of the characteristic traits of a problem weed; being highly competitive, genetically diverse and obligately out-crossing, with a growth habit that matches winter wheat. With the UK’s limited arable crop rotations and the reliance on the repeated use of a very limited range of selective herbicides we have been continuously performing a classic Darwinian selection for resistance traits in weeds that possess great genetic diversity and plasticity in their growth habits. The result has been inevitable; the steady rise of herbicide resistance across the UK, which now affects over 2.1 million hectares of some of our best arable land. Once the resistance genie is out of the bottle, it has proven difficult to prevent its establishment and spread. With the selective herbicide option being no longer effective, the options are to revert to cultural control; changing rotations and cover crops, manual rogueing of weeds, deep ploughing and chemical mulching with total herbicides such as glyphosate. While new precision weeding technologies are being developed, their cost and scalability in arable farming remains unproven. As an agricultural scientist who has spent a working lifetime researching selective weed control, we seem to be giving up on a technology that has been a foundation stone of the green revolution. For me it begs the question, are we really unable to use modern chemical and biological technology to counter resistance? I would argue the answer to that question is most patently no; solutions are around the corner if we choose to develop them.

Evaluation of Ryegrass Cover Crops in Rearing Ponds for Florida Largemouth Bass

1984 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Bowling ◽  
W. P. Rutledge ◽  
J. G. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Largemouth Bass
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