scholarly journals Forested riparian belts as reservoirs of plant species in fragmented landscapes of tropical mountain cloud forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-304
Author(s):  
Omar Hernández-Dávila ◽  
Javier Laborde ◽  
Vinicio J Sosa ◽  
Claudia Gallardo-Hernández ◽  
Cecilia Díaz-Castelazo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Native Plant

Background: Cloud forest in central Veracruz is highly fragmented. However, different arboreal elements are still present within the agricultural matrix, including small patches of secondary forest, isolated trees and forested riparian belts. These elements could be important for cloud forest species conservation. Questions: What is the structure and composition of forested riparian belts within current anthropic landscapes, and what is their potential contribution as reservoirs of mountain cloud forest native plant species? Studied species: Vegetation community of forested riparian belts of cloud forest. Study site and dates: Eastern Mexico (central Veracruz), January to November 2018 Methods: Along 14 segments of riparian belts (≈400 m long), distributed across different tributary streams, six 50 × 2 m transects were placed (three per riverside) per segment. Every plant rooted within a transect and ≥ 1.5 m in height was identified and measured (height and DBH). Results: A total of 2,062 plants from 161 species, 102 genera and 55 families were recorded in the 14 sites (8,400 m² sampled). Structural attributes and floristic composition varied widely amongst sites. Elevation and the amount of forest cover (i.e., area) within 500 m of each sampling site were the most important factors underlying the spatial variation in species composition. Conclusions: Riparian belts were remarkably heterogeneous harboring a notable richness of tree and shrub species many of them native of the original cloud forest. This diversity reveals that these arboreal elements are keystone structures for biodiversity conservation and also have a high potential as propagule sources for cloud forest restoration in anthropic landscapes.

scholarly journals Floristic Diversity in Secondary Forest under Munduruku Indigenous Agroextractivism

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Patrícia Chaves de Oliveira ◽  
Beatriz Costa de Oliveira Queiroz de Souza ◽  
Elói Gasparin
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Floristic Richness

Aims: Knowledge is currently low about composition, richness and abundance of native plant species from secondary forests in traditional communities in the Tapajós River Basin, Western Amazon. These forests are of great importance to indigenous populations being niches of resistance to the advances of monocultures. The objective of this work was to evaluate the floristic composition of a secondary forest with typical indigenous extractive interventions. Study Design: The secondary forest studied located in indigenous Village. This forest had 15 years of natural regeneration and was therefore an anthropized forest, where the indigenous people removed wood, fibers, oils and fruits, thus characterizing the agroextractivism on this environment and a very particular floristic composition always in evolution. Place and Duration of Study: The research was in Santarem city, Pará state, in Ipaupixuna Village (02°32´46” S, 54°20'15” W) between June 2019 to December 2019. Methodology: The research had a descriptive approach for floristic study, but in the same time had a quantitative point of view with the use of regression analysis. The parameters evaluated were: 1. Species abundance, 2. Floristic Richness; 3. Plant diversity measured by the Jentsch Mixing Coefficient; 4. Relations between Circumference & Height of trees. The size of the sampled area was 1 (one) hectare of secondary forest. Results: A high abundance was found for Tapirira guianensis Aubl followed by Buchenavia huberi Ducke and Bellucia grossularioides (L.) Triana. Fabaceae was the family of greatest quantitative expression in this 15-year-old secondary forest in indigenous landscapes followed by Arecaceae. Conclusion: The secondary forest studied of 15 years of natural regeneration and random anthropogenic interventions by agroextractivists activities of Munduruku Indigenous people showed medium floristic richness and low floristic diversity. Interventions to enrich this secondary forest with plant species with high economic potential can bring environmental and economic benefits to these indigenous people.

Urban conservation gardening in the decade of restoration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingmar Staude ◽  
Josiane Segar ◽  
Corey Thomas Callaghan ◽  
Emma Ladouceur ◽  
Jasper Meya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Urban Conservation ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Native Seed ◽  
Conservation Gardening

Global commitments to species conservation have failed to halt systematic widespread declines in plant species. Current policy interventions, such as protected areas and legal species legislation, remain insufficient, and there is an urgent need to engage novel approaches and actors in conservation. Here, we propose that urban conservation gardening, namely the cultivation of declining native plant species in public and private green spaces, can be one such approach. Conservation gardening can address key (a)biotic drivers of species decline, act as a critical dispersal pathway and increase the occupancy of declining native species. We identify policy mechanisms to upscale conservation gardening to a mainstream activity by reforming the existing horticultural market into an innovative nature protection instrument. This involves incentivizing the integration of the native seed sector, leveraging existing certification and labelling schemes, promoting consumer access, as well as building citizen-science projects to foster public engagement. Mainstreamed conservation gardening can be an economically viable, sustainable, and participatory measure that complements traditional approaches to plant conservation.

scholarly journals Assessing Soil Metal Levels in an Industrial Environment of Northwestern China and the Phytoremediation Potential of Its Native Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Yujing Yang ◽  
Changxiao Li ◽  
Xilu Ni ◽  
Wenchao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Metal Levels

Various industrial activities contribute heavy metals to terrestrial ecosystems. In order to evaluate the soil quality of industrial areas and to identify the potential phytoremediator from the native plant species, we collected 45 surface soil samples and 21 plant species in a typical industrial area of northwestern China. The results showed that the average values of the Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the soils were 36.91, 1.67, 7.20, 1.38, 1.27, and 6.66 times, respectively, compared with the corresponding background values. The average single factor pollution index for heavy metals decreased in the order of Cd > As > Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb. The study area was seriously polluted by Cd and As, slightly polluted by Zn, and had relatively little contamination by Cr, Pb, and Cu. In terms of the average Nemerow synthetic pollution index in every sampling site, 97.78% of the samples were seriously polluted and 2.22% of the samples were moderately polluted, which indicated that almost all of the samples in the industrial area were seriously polluted. The results of the biomass, heavy metal concentrations, bioconcentration factors (BCF), and translocation factors (TF) for the native plants showed that Achnatherum splendens for metal Cr presented a phytostabilization potential, Artemisia scoparia and Echinochloa crusgalli for metal Cu and Halogeton arachnoideus for metal Zn presented a phytoextraction potential, and all of the studied plants were limited as phytoremediators for Cd or Pb contaminated soil.

scholarly journals ASPECTOS FLORÍSTICOS DE TRÊS ESTÁGIOS SUCESSIONAIS DE MATA CILIAR EM ARROIO DO PADRE, EXTREMO SUL DA MATA ATLÂNTICA

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Tiago Schuch Venzke ◽  
Sebastião Venâncio Martins
Keyword(s):  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Regeneration Time ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
South Of Brazil

 O objetivo foi caracterizar a composição e as relações florísticas de estágios sucessionais de uma mata ciliar em um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual no Município de Arroio do Padre, extremo sul do Brasil. A área amostral foi 1,2 ha, dividida em 0,2 ha para capoeira (5 anos de regeneração), 0,5 ha para floresta secundária (45 anos de regeneração) e 0,5 ha de floresta madura. Em parcelas de 10 x 10 m, foram amostrados todos os indivíduos arbustivo-arbóreos com DAP ≥5 cm. A riqueza nos três estágios sucessionais revelou 72 espécies, distribuídas em 52 gêneros e 33 famílias. A capoeira apresentou menor número de táxons, enquanto na fase madura ocorreram maior quantidade (49) e riqueza de espécies exclusivas (20). A composição florística foi influenciada pelo estágio sucessional, e a classificação das parcelas pela análise de similaridade formou agrupamentos conforme a idade da regeneração. Isso reflete a adaptação da comunidade às condições ambientais proporcionadas pelo avanço da sucessão ecológica. Assim, recomenda-se que as estratégias de restauração florestal considerem as espécies adaptadas ao estágio sucessional, a fim de maximizar os projetos de reflorestamento e restauração ecológica.Palavras-chave: Pelotas; Floresta Estacional Semidecidual; sucessão florestal; ecologia florestal. AbstractFloristic composition of three successional stages of a riparian forest in the municipality of Arroio do Padre, very south of Brazil. This research aims to characterize composition and floristic relations of three successional stages of a Riparian Semi-deciduous Seasonal Forest, in the municipality of Arroio do Padre, South of Brazil. The sample area was divided into 0.2 ha for ‘capoeira’ (five years of regeneration), 0.5 ha for secondary forest (45 years for regeneration), and 0.5 ha for mature forest (primary forest). Richness in the three succession stages included 72 species distributed into 52 genera and 33 families. ‘Capoeira’ presented lower quantity of taxa, whereas in the mature forest occurred greater number of species (49) and exclusive species (20). The floristic composition was influenced by successional stage and classification of plots by the similarity analysis clusters formed as the regeneration time. Differences in floristic composition reflect community adaptation to the conditions provided along succession. These variations reveal that the age of the succession reflects in forest floristic, and strategies for forest restoration should consider species adapted to successional stages in order to maximize native forests reforestation projects.Keywords: Municipality of Pelotas; Semi-deciduous Seasonal Forest; forest ecology.

scholarly journals Ecological-climatic characteristics of the flora of a floodplain landscape in Southeastern Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-112
Author(s):  
B. А. Baranovski ◽  
L. А. Karmyzova ◽  
N. O. Roshchyna ◽  
I. A. Ivanko ◽  
O. G. Karas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Climatic Impact ◽  
River Floodplains ◽  
Functional Dynamics ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Shrubby Species ◽  
High Level

Floodplain ecosystems take on the role of active areas of biodiversity and provide many “ecosystem services”, as evidenced by a number of European scientific references. A biodiversity analysis of river floodplains in six European countries within the temperate zone has shown that the floodplains are habitats with a high-level of structural and functional dynamics. The level of their conservation reflects the floristic diversity of forest territories, which is especially important for subarid areas. Recently, a comparison of bioecological characteristics of flora in floodplain forest areas and treeless territories was conducted on the floodplain landscapes of a subarid region of Europe. The valley-terraced landscape of the Samara River, a tributary of the Dnieper can serve as a reference site of native plant complexes of subarid territory in Eastern Europe. Despite long-term anthropogenic transformation, the landscape has retained a significant phytodiversity level. The flora of the Samara River area includes 887 plant species. Of these, 177 species belonging to the rare and endangered categories. The floodplain landscape is the richest in species and most diverse part of this complex. The flora of the Samara floodplain includes 728 species (including 132 rare ones), of which 631 grow in forest communities, and 487 – in anthropogenically transformed, treeless floodplain areas. As part of the forest flora, the number of tree and shrubby species, scyophytes, hygrophytes, and megatrophs significantly increases compared to treeless sites, and the number of ruderal plant species decreases. The floristic composition of the floodplain forests of the subarid region is much richer and more diverse than the flora of the treeless floodplain areas, and this should encourage measures for their protection and restoration. Afforestation of floodplain territories within the steppe zone of Ukraine should be a priority in comparison with other landscapes. For the protection of the flora studied, a scientific justification for creating the National Park "Samara Bor" was prepared. Under the conditions of anthropogenic and climatic impact, this article is of great global importance for attracting the attention of specialists, authorities and society to the protection and restoration of biodiversity in the most valuable landscapes.

scholarly journals Jackfruit trees as seed attractors and nurses of early recruitment of native plant species in a secondary forest in Brazil.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Gomes ◽  
Eliana Cazetta ◽  
Ricardo Bovendorp ◽  
Deborah Faria
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Seed Rain ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Early Recruitment

Abstract The Atlantic Forest is one of the most threatened tropical forests in the world, being drastically reduced, fragmented and disturbed. The drastic process of anthropic occupation and exploitation of this biome has, in many cases, led to the introduction of exotic species, such as the jackfruits (Artocarpus heterophyllus). However, studies on the influence of jackfruits on the native biota are still scarce. Here we investigated the influence of fruit trees on the seed rain and early recruitment of seedlings in native remnants, comparing these patterns with those observed for a native species tapirira (Tapirira guianensis), which similarly to jackfruits, produces many fruits thruought the year, attracting a variety of frugivore species. Seed rain and seedlings observed under the jackfruits were both more abundant and equally rich to the assemblages reported under the native tapirira trees. In both species, co-specifics comprise a large part of the number of seeds (> 70%) and seedlings (> 45%) individuals and, although they attract similar seed assemblages, seedling composition diverge, particularly when co-specifics are excluded. We reported that jackfruits can attract a diverse seed and seedling assemblages, and we find no evidence that the presence of jackfruits negatively affects the arrival and initial recruitment of native plant species in the study area. These results should be analysed with caution but considered when evaluating costs and benefits of management options to control exotic species.

scholarly journals Interactions between non-native plant species and the floristic composition of common habitats

2006 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1052-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. MASKELL ◽  
L. G. FIRBANK ◽  
K. THOMPSON ◽  
J. M. BULLOCK ◽  
S. M. SMART
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species

scholarly journals Using Utilitarian Plants for Lemur Conservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathlin Konersmann ◽  
Fanambinantsoa Noromiarilanto ◽  
Yedidya R. Ratovonamana ◽  
Katja Brinkmann ◽  
Kai Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Anthropogenic Landscapes ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
Forest Landscape Restoration

AbstractNature and species conservation often conflict with intensive natural resource or land use. Many protected areas are too small for long-term conservation of viable vertebrate populations, especially in Madagascar, and forests are subject to exploitation for a variety of natural resources. Trying to exclude people from the use of these resources has not been successful during economic, natural, or political crises or when human population growth outruns any development effort. People need economic and other benefits, and conservation measures have to account for these needs. We compiled native and introduced tree, shrub, and herbaceous species used by both people and native vertebrates for three regions, covering the domains of the dry, transitional, and humid forest of Madagascar. We carried out semistructured interviews and group discussions in 12 different villages in each study region in November 2017. People listed 139 utilitarian plant taxa. Our literature search revealed that 72 of these plant species and 13 genera used by people, were also used by 208 different terrestrial vertebrates including 58 lemur species. Application of the Forest Landscape Restoration approach with a combination of exotic and native plant species used by both people and animals could increase the economic value of restored forest habitats for people, thus providing incentives for forest conservation. Plantations of mixed utilitarian trees and shrubs could be integrated into agricultural landscapes. Among land-living vertebrates, lemurs seem to benefit most from this approach. These measures might contribute to a successful array of biodiversity conservation in anthropogenic landscapes.

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