scholarly journals Influence of land use on the condition of the riparian zone along an urban-rural gradient in the Sabinal River, Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Díaz-Pascacio ◽  
Alejandro Ortega-Argueta ◽  
María Mercedes Castillo-Uzcanga ◽  
Neptalí Ramírez-Marcial
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Riparian Zone ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Human Settlements

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Riparian vegetation is strongly influenced by the surrounding land use. While it is known that urbanization processes can affect plant species composition and the ecological condition of the riparian zone, the specific responses require a fuller understanding.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis:</strong> The quality of riparian zones is inversely related to the degree of urbanization of adjacent areas, and that land uses that provide forest cover ensure a less degraded condition and greater diversity of species.</p><p><strong>Study site and year of study: </strong>Sabinal River basin, Chiapas, Mexico, 2015.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>Measures of the Riparian Quality Index (RQI) and plant species composition were compared among three different land use conditions (secondary forest, grasslands and crops, and human settlements). <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Riparian zones adjacent to secondary forest showed higher RQI than those next to grasslands and crops and human settlements. Riparian zones within secondary forest also had a higher woody species richness and better substrate condition, whereas reaches adjacent to human settlements appeared paved and eroded, exhibiting soil compaction. Species richness and diversity were positively correlated to the RQI and were greater in riparian zones adjacent to secondary forest than in those next to human settlements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While grazing and cultivation affect the riparian zone, expansion of urban areas has a greater impact by reducing woody species richness and diversity, altering species composition and favoring soil compaction and bank erosion, which results in reduced riparian quality.</p>

scholarly journals Native forests but not agroforestry systems preserve arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species richness in southern Ethiopia

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-759
Author(s):  
Zerihun Belay ◽  
Mesele Negash ◽  
Janne Kaseva ◽  
Mauritz Vestberg ◽  
Helena Kahiluoto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Native Forests ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The rapid conversion of native forests to farmland in Ethiopia, the cradle of biodiversity, threatens the diversity of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) pivotal to plant nutrition and carbon sequestration. This study aimed to investigate the impact of this land-use change on the AMF species composition and diversity in southern Ethiopia. Soil samples were collected from nine plots in each of three land-use types: native forest, agroforestry, and khat monocropping. The plots of the three land-use types were located adjacent to each other for each of the nine replicates. Three 10 × 10m subplots per plot were sampled. AMF spores were extracted from the soil samples, spore densities were determined, and species composition and diversity were evaluated through morphological analysis. Both spore density and species richness were statistically significantly higher in the native forest than in the agroforestry plots with no clear difference to khat, whereas the true diversity (exponential of Shannon–Wiener diversity index) did not differ among the three land-use types due to high evenness among the species in agroforestry. In total, 37 AMF morphotypes belonging to 12 genera in Glomeromycota were found, dominated by members of the genera Acaulospora and Glomus. The highest isolation frequency index (78%) was recorded for Acaulospora koskei from native forest. Consequently, the agroforestry system did not appear to aid in preserving the AMF species richness of native forests relative to perennial monocropping, such as khat cultivation. In contrast, the native forest areas can serve as in situ genetic reserves of mycorrhizal symbionts adapted to the local vegetative, edaphic, and microbial conditions.

Corrigendum to: Fish in the matrix: effects of landscape on community-structure patterns of the ichthyofauna of streams in Cerrado

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Thiago Bernardi Vieira ◽  
Leandro Schlemmer Brasil ◽  
Naiara Raiol Torres ◽  
Tatiana Lima de Melo ◽  
Elto Aparecido Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Structure Patterns

This study aims to identify species richness and composition patterns of the ichthyofauna in different landscape matrices (forest, pasture and eucalypt crops) and to evaluate the variation of species composition in different matrices, identifying possible indicator species. We selected 21 streams; 7 were surrounded by native vegetation, 9 surrounded by pasture and 5 by eucalypt crops. We tested whether there was difference in the composition and species richness. In addition, we used the indicator value (IndVal) to verify if there were species faithful and specific to some land use and land cover. Streams located in forest presented the highest estimated species richness, followed by streams in pasturelands and eucalypt matrices. There was no difference between the composition of fishes in different matrices, but we observed a relationship between Phenacorhamdia somnians (Mees, 1974) and pasture matrix. The results indicated that the change in land use may benefit some generalist species such as Phenacorhamdia somnians.

Fish in the matrix: effects of landscape on community-structure patterns of the ichthyofauna of streams in Cerrado

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Bernardi Vieira ◽  
Leandro Schlemmer Brasil ◽  
Naiara Raiol Torres ◽  
Tatiana Lima de Melo ◽  
Elto Aparecido Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Structure Patterns

This study aims to identify species richness and composition patterns of the ichthyofauna in different landscape matrices (forest, pasture and eucalypt crops) and to evaluate the variation of species composition in different matrices, identifying possible indicator species. We selected 21 streams; 7 were surrounded by native vegetation, 9 surrounded by pasture and 5 by eucalypt crops. We tested whether there was difference in the composition and species richness. In addition, we used the indicator value (IndVal) to verify if there were species faithful and specific to some land use and land cover. Streams located in forest presented the highest estimated species richness, followed by streams in pasturelands and eucalypt matrices. There was no difference between the composition of fishes in different matrices, but we observed a relationship between Phenacorhamdia somnians (Mees, 1974) and pasture matrix. The results indicated that the change in land use may benefit some generalist species such as Phenacorhamdia somnians.

scholarly journals Plant Species Composition Can Be Used as a Proxy to Predict Methane Emissions in Peatland Ecosystems After Land-Use Changes

Ecosystems ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
André T. C. Dias ◽  
Bart Hoorens ◽  
Richard S. P. Van Logtestijn ◽  
Jan E. Vermaat ◽  
Rien Aerts
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Plant Species Composition

scholarly journals Effects of cattle slurry application on plant species composition of moderately moist Arrhenatherion grassland

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Duffková ◽  
H. Libichová
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Cattle Slurry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Application Rates

Cattle slurry is frequently used fertilizer on grasslands, but little is known about its effect on plant species composition. The aim of this study was therefore to assess effect of different application rates of cattle slurry (S0 &ndash; 0, S1 &ndash; 60, S2 &ndash; 120, S3 &ndash; 180, S4 &ndash; 240 kg N/ha/year) on the plant species composition of three-cut grassland. The study was performed over 6 years on moderately moist upland Arrhenatherion grassland in the Czech Republic dominated by Alopecurus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, and Poa spp. Species composition recorded in treatments with application of cattle slurry in rate up to 120 kg N/ha/year was similar to the unfertilized control. During first three years, species richness was similar in all treatments and then decreased the most in S4 followed by S3 treatment. Cover of short forbs increased in S0 and decreased with an increase in slurry application rate which supported tall grasses. Application of cattle slurry up to 120 kg N/ha/year can be considered as suitable compromise between maintenance of species rich grasslands and requirements of farmers for sufficient forage production.

scholarly journals Effects of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties on Plant Species Composition and Diversity Along an Elevation Gradient Over Alpine Grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangya Han ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Xukun Su ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Tiantian Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Alpine Grassland ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soil Available Nitrogen

Abstract Background and aims Alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is sensitive and fragile, and it is subject to serious degradation. It is essential to determine the effects of soil parameters on plant species to explain grassland degradation. Methods We classified plant communities into six types based on hierarchical clustering. Then we analyzed the effects of soil physico-chemical properties on plant species composition and diversity by canonical ordination and spatial regression from an elevation perspective. Results Elevation class had significant effects on soil moisture content, soil pH, and soil available nitrogen content. The primary soil parameter affecting plant species composition and diversity in alpine grassland was soil available nitrogen content. The effect of soil available nitrogen content on plant species richness varied at different elevations. For Gramineae plants (G), plant species richness declined with the increase in soil available nitrogen content at low elevation, but rose at middle elevation. Soil available nitrogen content had a more significant limiting effect on species richness at high elevation. Conclusion Analyzing the relationship between plant species and soil physico-chemical properties increases our understanding of grassland degradation, and will improve grassland restoration programs and responses to climate change.

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