The link between trace elements and metabolic syndrome/oxidative stress in essential hypertension with or without type 2 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-243
Author(s):  
Ines Gouaref ◽  
Zina Bellahsene ◽  
Samia Zekri ◽  
Barkahoum Alamir ◽  
Elhadj-Ahmed Koceir
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Essential Hypertension

scholarly journals Pericytopathy: Oxidative Stress and Impaired Cellular Longevity in the Pancreas and Skeletal Muscle in Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 290-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin R. Hayden ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Javad Habibi ◽  
Sarika V. Bagree ◽  
James R. Sowers
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Pancreatic Stellate Cells ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The pericyte's role has been extensively studied in retinal tissues of diabetic retinopathy; however, little is known regarding its role in such tissues as the pancreas and skeletal muscle. This supportive microvascular mural cell plays an important and novel role in cellular and extracellular matrix remodeling in the pancreas and skeletal muscle of young rodent models representing the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Transmission electron microscopy can be used to evaluate these tissues from young rodent models of insulin resistance and T2DM, including the transgenic Ren2 rat, db/db obese insulin resistantߞT2DM mouse, and human islet amyloid polypeptide (HIP) rat model of T2DM. With this method, the earliest pancreatic remodeling change was widening of the islet exocrine interface and pericyte hypercellularity, followed by pericyte differentiation into islet and pancreatic stellate cells with early fibrosis involving the islet exocrine interface and interlobular interstitium. In skeletal muscle there was a unique endothelial capillary connectivity via elongated longitudinal pericyte processes in addition to pericyte to pericyte and pericyte to myocyte cellcell connections allowing for paracrine communication. Initial pericyte activation due to moderate oxidative stress signaling may be followed by hyperplasia, migration and differentiation into adult mesenchymal cells. Continued robust oxidative stress may induce pericyte apoptosis and impaired cellular longevity. Circulating antipericyte autoantibodies have recently been characterized, and may provide a screening method to detect those patients who are developing pericyte loss and are at greater risk for the development of complications of T2DM due to pericytopathy and rarefaction. Once detected, these patients may be offered more aggressive treatment strategies such as early pharmacotherapy in addition to lifestyle changes targeted to maintaining pericyte integrity. In conclusion, we have provided a review of current knowledge regarding the pericyte and novel ultrastructural findings regarding its role in metabolic syndrome and T2DM.

The metabolic syndrome: linking oxidative stress and inflammation to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and the syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paresh Dandona ◽  
Husam Ghanim ◽  
Priya Mohanty ◽  
Ajay Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

AGEING WITHOUT DISEASES

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
А.А. Пальцын
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Syndrome Type ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Наиболее распространенные неинфекционные болезни современного мира: метаболический синдром, диабет 2-го типа, хронические респираторные заболевания, церебро- и кардиоваскулярные болезни, болезнь Альцгеймера и другие деменции, депрессии, опухоли, саркопения, остеопороз имеют общий механизм нарушения гомеостаза - окислительный стресс. Другая, объединяющая эти болезни черта - пожилой и старческий возраст пациентов. Связываются эти характеристики снижением адаптивных способностей организма, развивающемся по мере увеличения числа прожитых лет. Связь, в принципе, неизбежная, но в конкретности поддающаяся, как всё живое, влиянию среды. В статье представлены некоторые наиболее известные приемы создания такой среды (образа жизни), которые могут исключить или отодвинуть (нередко на годы) начало болезней. The most common noninfectious diseases of the modern world, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, depression, tumors, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis, share a mechanism of homeostatic disorders, oxidative stress. Another common feature of these diseases is the old and senile age of patients. These characteristics are linked with impaired adaptability, which develops with older age. In principle, this combination is inevitable but the environment can influence it like all life. The article presents some of the most well-known techniques for creating such an environment (lifestyle) that could exclude or postpone (often for years) the onset of disease.

scholarly journals The Effect of Chronic Inflammation and Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Course of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalina Alicka ◽  
Krzysztof Marycz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cellular Therapies ◽  
Disease Occurrence

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly associated with a modern lifestyle. The prevalence of MetS has reached epidemic proportion and is still rising. The main cause of MetS and finally type 2 diabetes occurrence is excessive nutrient intake, lack of physical activity, and inflammatory cytokines secretion. These factors lead to redistribution of body fat and oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurrence, resulting in insulin resistance, increase adipocyte differentiation, and much elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Cellular therapies, especially mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation, seem to be promising in the MetS and type 2 diabetes treatments, due to their immunomodulatory effect and multipotent capacity; adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) play a crucial role in MSC-based cellular therapies. In this review, we focused on etiopathology of MetS, especially on the crosstalk between chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and ER stress and their effect on MetS-related disease occurrence, as well as future perspectives of cellular therapies. We also provide an overview of therapeutic approaches that target endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Pathogenetic Mechanism of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Clinical Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (03) ◽  
pp. 132-134
Author(s):  
Mala Dharmalingam ◽  
Sara Rani Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Pathogenetic Mechanism ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients

AbstractOxidative stress is an important pathogenetic mechanism for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. Oxidative stress is an imbalance of the generation of free radicals (reactive oxygen species [ROS] and reactive nitrogen species [RNS]) and their neutralization by the antioxidant mechanisms. Increased levels of ROS and RNS lead to damage of lipids, proteins, and DNA, ultimately causing the destruction of the islet cells of pancreas through apoptosis. Another important factor in the development of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome is inflammation. We studied oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients, patients with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and T2DM with iron-deficiency anemia. The elevation of oxidative stress in these conditions along with the increase in inflammation suggests that both oxidative stress and inflammation may heighten the risk for the development of T2DM and its complications.

Thrombosis in central obesity and metabolic syndrome: Mechanisms and epidemiology

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 669-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Emmanuel Morange ◽  
Marie-Christine Alessi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Ectopic Fat ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

summaryCentral obesity is a key feature of the metabolic syndrome (metS), a multiplex risk factor for subsequent development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Many metabolic alterations closely related to this condition exert effects on platelets and vascular cells. A procoagulant and hypofibrinolytic state has been identified, mainly underlain by inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidaemia, and ectopic fat that accompany central obesity. In support of these data, central obesity independently predisposes not only to atherothrombosis but also to venous thrombosis.

Oxidative stress causes alveolar bone loss in metabolic syndrome model mice with type 2 diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ohnishi ◽  
K. Bandow ◽  
K. Kakimoto ◽  
M. Machigashira ◽  
T. Matsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Model
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