scholarly journals Permeability of the Pineal Organ of the Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) to HRP with Special Reference to Different Types of Blood Capillaries.

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuh-Lien CHEN ◽  
Wen-Pin CHEN ◽  
Bin-Nan HUANG ◽  
Huai-San LIN
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Golden Hamster ◽  
Pineal Organ ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Different Types

Gustatory Responses of the Hamster Mesocricetus auratus to Various Compounds Considered Sweet by Humans

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 2102-2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicktoria Danilova ◽  
Göran Hellekant ◽  
Jean-Marie Tinti ◽  
Claude Nofre
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Taste Aversion ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Conditioned Taste Aversion ◽  
Golden Hamster ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Taste Sensation ◽  
Sodium Cyclamate

Danilova, Vicktoria, Göran Hellekant, Jean-Marie Tinti, and Claude Nofre. Gustatory responses of the hamster Mesocricetus auratus to various compounds considered sweet by humans. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 2102–2112, 1998. The taste of 30 compounds was studied in the golden hamster with three different methods: single-fiber recordings, two-bottle preference (TBP), and conditioned taste aversion (CTA) tests. On the whole, the results showed that the sense of taste in the hamster differs in many respects from that in humans because, of 26 tested compounds known as sweet to humans, 11 had no taste or tasted differently. The results also supported the notion that activity in S-fibers elicits liking and activity in Q- or H-fibers rejection. Specifically hierarchial cluster analysis of 36 single fibers from the chorda tympani proper nerve separated N-, H-, and S-clusters consisting of 11 sucrose-, 14 NaCl-, and 11 citric-best fibers. Ace-K, cyanosuosan, N-4-cyanophenyl- N′-cyanoguanidineacetate (CCGA), d-tryptophan, N-3,5-dichlorophenyl- N′-( S)-α-methylbenzylguanidineacetate (DMGA), saccharin, SC-45647, and suosan stimulated only the S-fibers, were significantly preferred in TBP tests, and generalized to sucrose in the CTA tests. Ethylene glycol stimulated the N-fibers in addition to the S-fibers. This explains its generalization to sucrose in CTA. Its toxicity may contribute to its rejection in TBP tests. Sodium cyclamate stimulated a few N- but no S-fibers, which may explain the nondiscriminatory TBP and CTA results. Glycine elicited its largest response in the S-fibers, although it also stimulated other fibers. The resulting mixed taste sensation may explain why it was not preferred in TBP, although it generalized to sucrose in the CTA. Alitame, aspartame, N-4-cyanophenylcarbamoyl-l-aspartyl-( R)-α-methylbenzylamine (CAM), N-4-cyanophenylcarbamoyl-( R, S)-3-amino-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl) propionic acid (CAMPA), N-( S)-2-methylhexanoyl-l-glutamyl-5-amino-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (MAGAP), N-1-naphthoyl-l-glutamyl-5-amino-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (NAGAP), NHDHC, superaspartame, and thaumatin were among the compounds considered sweet by humans that gave no response, were not discriminated in the TBP test, and gave no generalization in the CTA tests.

XXVIII.—The Arrangement of Fibre Follicles in some Mammals, with special reference tothe Ovidæ

1939 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Duerden
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Association ◽  
General Development ◽  
Initial Form ◽  
Genetic Unit ◽  
Different Types

At the time of his death Dr Duerden was contemplating the preparation of a paper of this nature, and it is felt by Mrs Duerden that had he been able to express his wishes in this connection he would appreciate a record of the conclusions made by him. No one realised more than Dr Duerden himself the gaps which are still present in our knowledge and interpretation of the grouping of follicles and fibres in the mammalia, and this work is certainly not meant to be taken as representing Dr Duerden's final view or those of his colleagues at the Wool Industries Research Association. In view of the unique value of much of the material the present notes are intended, therefore, to form a basis and reference, firstly, for workers engaged in the general development of any mammalian coat from a morphogenic and phylogenetic point of view, and secondly, for those interested particularly in factors concerned in the formation of different types of fleeces in sheep. The conception of the follicle bundle as a discrete and basic genetic unit largely determining the initial form of the wool staple is of the highest importance in studies on the inheritance and developmentof fleece characters.

scholarly journals Tissue Distribution of ACE2 Protein in Syrian Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) and Its Possible Implications in SARS-CoV-2 Related Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Voddu Suresh ◽  
Deepti Parida ◽  
Aliva P. Minz ◽  
Manisha Sethi ◽  
Bhabani S. Sahoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Golden Hamster ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Syrian Golden Hamster ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Tissue Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Expression Pattern

The Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) has recently been demonstrated as a clinically relevant animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, lack of knowledge about the tissue-specific expression pattern of various proteins in these animals and the unavailability of reagents like antibodies against this species hampers these models’ optimal use. The major objective of our current study was to analyze the tissue-specific expression pattern of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, a proven functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2 in different organs of the hamster. Using two different antibodies (MA5-32307 and AF933), we have conducted immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence analysis to evaluate the ACE2 expression in different tissues of the hamster. Further, at the mRNA level, the expression of Ace2 in tissues was evaluated through RT-qPCR analysis. Both the antibodies detected expression of ACE2 in kidney, small intestine, tongue, and liver. Epithelium of proximal tubules of kidney and surface epithelium of ileum expresses a very high amount of this protein. Surprisingly, analysis of stained tissue sections showed no detectable expression of ACE2 in the lung or tracheal epithelial cells. Similarly, all parts of the large intestine were negative for ACE2 expression. Analysis of tissues from different age groups and sex didn’t show any obvious difference in ACE2 expression pattern or level. Together, our findings corroborate some of the earlier reports related to ACE2 expression patterns in human tissues and contradict others. We believe that this study’s findings have provided evidence that demands further investigation to understand the predominant respiratory pathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease.

scholarly journals Targeting Selectins Mediated Biological Activities With Multivalent Probes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Ganesh ◽  
Prashant Jain ◽  
Chethan Devanur Shanthamurthy ◽  
Suraj Toraskar ◽  
Raghavendra Kikkeri
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Metastasis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Type I ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Activated Platelets ◽  
Selectin Ligands ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Selectin Binding ◽  
Sialyl Lewisa

Selectins are type-I transmembrane glycoproteins that are ubiquitously expressed on activated platelets, endothelial cells, and leukocytes. They bind to cell surface glycoproteins and extracellular matrix ligands, regulate the rolling of leukocytes in the blood capillaries, and recruit them to inflammatory sites. Hence, they are potential markers for the early detection and inhibition of inflammatory diseases, thrombosis, cardiovascular disorders, and tumor metastasis. Fucosylated and sialylated glycans, such as sialyl Lewisx, its isoform sialyl Lewisa, and heparan sulfate, are primary selectin ligands. Functionalization of these selectin-binding ligands on multivalent probes, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, and polymers, not only inhibits selectin-mediated biological activity but is also involved in direct imaging of the inflammation site. This review briefly summarizes the selectin-mediated various diseases such as thrombosis, cancer and recent progress in the different types of multivalent probes used to target selectins.

scholarly journals CSF analysis in a patient with meningitis with special reference to LDH

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4919-4922
Author(s):  
Shilpa Patil ◽  
Ajikya Bahulekar
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Pyogenic Meningitis ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Routine Assessment ◽  
The Way

Acute infections of the nervous system are among the hugest issues in the medicine considering the way that early affirmation, gainful dynamic and speedy association of the treatment can be lifesaving. Standard routine assessment of CSF in meningitis doesn't commonly give speedy definitive information without a doubt. Therefore there was need for additional tests. The present study conducted in Department of Medicine. The study included clinical appraisal and CSF assessment of 65 occurrences of meningitis. Lumbar cut was done in each consistent case and CSF was assembled in sterile containers.In majority cases of meningitis sugar less than two third of blood sugars, and majority of TBM cases had sugar level between 40-60 mg%. Higher cell count was seen in pyogenic meningitis cases. In context to LDH levels among the different types of meningitis, significant increased CSF LDH levels was observed in TBM and PM as compared to VM and CM but no noteworthy distinction between TBM and PM. Overall conclusion of study was that estimation of CSF LDH levels is not only supplementary aid but diagnostic and differentiating aid for meningitis.

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