scholarly journals Changes in distribution and staining reactivity of PAS-positive material in the mouse epididymal duct after efferent duct ligation.

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro ABE ◽  
Hiroko TAKANO
Keyword(s):  
Efferent Duct ◽  
Positive Material ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Epididymal Duct

scholarly journals Arrested apoptosis without nuclear fragmentation produced by efferent duct ligation in round spermatids and multinucleated giant cells of rat testis

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Anton
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Nuclear Membrane ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Nuclear Fragmentation ◽  
Efferent Duct ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Reaction

The apoptotic process evoked by efferent duct ligation in the testes of adult rats was followed for 10 days by differential staining for haematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and a modified trichrome technique in optical microscopy and by ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase. Round spermatids showed the first effects of efferent duct ligation. At day 3 after ligation, annular clumps of chromatin with typical apoptotic characteristics appeared against the nuclear membrane of these cells. Afterwards, membranous structures and a wide separation between the two layers of the nuclear membrane were observed but nuclear fragmentation did not occur and apoptotic granules were not seen. Cytoplasmic components were also altered, and severely damaged organoids and empty vacuoles lacking acid phosphatase reaction were frequently seen. On day 2 after efferent duct ligation, multinucleated giant cells appeared, which displayed similar characteristics as spermatids and showed no acid phosphatase reaction. Although abnormal spermatids and multinucleated giant cells were surrounded by the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells, neither lysosomal acid phosphatase nor phagocytic activity was detected. It is concluded that efferent duct ligation specifically affects round immature spermatids eliciting a partial nuclear apoptotic response that is not accompanied by autophagic or heterophagic activity and without lysosomal participation in Sertoli cells.

Changes in testicular blood flow and testosterone production during aspermatogenesis after irradiation

1983 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wang ◽  
K. A. A. Galil ◽  
B. P. Setchell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Efferent Duct ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Testicular Blood Flow

Exposure of the testes of anaesthetized adult rats to 527 rads of γ-irradiation caused testis weight to fall slowly at first and then more rapidly from 21 days afterwards, reaching a minimum at 52 days, when spermatogenesis was severely disrupted. The weights of the accessory organs and the concentrations of testosterone in peripheral blood were slightly reduced; the concentrations in blood from the testicular veins were lower than control at shorter intervals after irradiation, but at later times tended to be similar or greater than control. Testicular blood flow per testis followed testis weight closely, and as a result the production of testosterone by the smaller testes (calculated as the product of plasma flow and the veno–arterial difference in testosterone concentration) was markedly reduced especially when the rats had been stimulated with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). Serum FSH and LH rose appreciably as testis weight fell but there was a proportionately greater rise in FSH than LH, in comparison with surgically castrated animals. Increased amounts of extratubular, extracellular fluid were found in the aspermatogenic testes, but injection of hCG still caused increases in capillary permeability and the amount of fluid in the testis. These results indicate that during aspermatogenesis following irradiation (as with heat and efferent duct ligation) the capacity of the testes to secrete testosterone is severely limited by decreased testicular blood flow, not by the ability of the Leydig cells to release testosterone into their immediate environment.

The Epididymal Dendritic Cell Network Is Affected by Efferent Duct Ligation and Vasectomy.

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 43-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Da Silva ◽  
Eric Hill ◽  
Sylvie Breton
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Efferent Duct ◽  
Cell Network ◽  
Duct Ligation

The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme in the rat epididymis

1990 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Y. D. Wong ◽  
C. N. Uchendu
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Efferent Duct ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Rat Epididymis ◽  
Epididymal Spermatozoa ◽  
Ace Activity

ABSTRACT In order to investigate the role of renin angiotensin in the epididymis, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and angiotensin I (AI) and angiotensin II (AII) concentrations were measured in the male reproductive tract and blood serum of the rat. High ACE activity was detected in the rat epididymis, with a major part of the activity being associated with epididymal spermatozoa. When spermatozoa were prevented from entering the epididymis by efferent duct ligation, the ACE activity in the epididymis was greatly reduced. The epithelial cells lining the epididymal duct were also shown to possess ACE activity which was dependent upon circulating androgens. Treatment of male rats with captopril at a single oral dose (20 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the ACE activity in the blood serum but had no effect on the activity of the epididymal fluid. The intraluminal ACE was protected from the circulating captopril by the blood–epididymis barrier. Long-term treatment with captopril (20 mg/kg per day, 8 weeks), however, caused an increase in blood serum ACE activity but was without effect on intraluminal ACE. The fertility and fecundity of male rats after treatment were apparently normal. The concentrations of AI and AII were high in the epididymal plasma and epididymal cell when compared with the respective concentrations in blood serum. The intraluminal AII concentration found (13 nmol/l) was close to the threshold concentrations that stimulate anion (and fluid) secretion in cultured epididymal epithelium in vitro. The high intraluminal AII concentration could not have been derived from the testicular fluid or spermatozoa since the rete testis fluid and sperm contained little AII. When spermatozoa were prevented from entering the epididymis by efferent duct ligation, the AII concentration of the epididymal plasma was almost completely abolished, indicating that intraluminal AII was formed endogenously in the epididymal lumen by sperm ACE. We propose that ACE released by epididymal spermatozoa converts AI (formed from the epididymal epithelial cells) to AII which plays a paracrine role in regulating electrolyte and fluid transport through apical membrane angiotensin receptors. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 125, 457–465

Effect of efferent duct ligation on the function of the blood-testis barrier in rats

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Tao ◽  
JL Zupp ◽  
BP Setchell
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Function ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Fluid Accumulation ◽  
Efferent Duct ◽  
Efferent Ducts ◽  
Interstitial Volume ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Testis Mass ◽  
Blood Testis Barrier

The function of the blood-testis barrier has been assessed from the ratio of the Cr-EDTA space in the parenchyma to the measured interstitial volume in the testes of rats at various times after unilateral ligation of the efferent ducts. The barrier remained effective during the phase of fluid accumulation and testicular mass gain, which was linear for at least 24 h, but the testis mass began to decrease between 32 and 40 h after efferent duct ligation, and the Cr-EDTA space at 40 and 48 h after efferent duct ligation exceeded the volume of the interstitial tissue. This finding indicated that, at these times, the barrier to Cr-EDTA, which is normally excluded from the tubules, had broken down and the marker was entering the tubules. Thereafter, the Cr-EDTA space decreased again to be less than the interstitial tissue volume, indicating a restoration of the barrier function, although degeneration of the seminiferous epithelium continued to become more obvious. The present study is the first report of a reversible breakdown of the barrier, but the relevance of the breakdown to the effects on spermatogenesis requires further study.

scholarly journals Collection of Rete Testis Fluid from Rats Without Previous Efferent Duct Ligation

1979 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Free ◽  
Richard A. Jaffe
Keyword(s):  
Rete Testis ◽  
Efferent Duct ◽  
Duct Ligation
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