Differences in the seasonal rhythmicity of plasma prolactin in elderly human subjects: detection in women but not in men

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Touitou ◽  
Alain Carayon ◽  
Alain Reinberg ◽  
André Bogdan ◽  
Hervé Beck
Keyword(s):  
Sex Difference ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Young And Elderly Subjects ◽  
Seasonal Rhythmicity

Effects of age, sex and mental condition on the circadian and circannual rhythmicity of plasma prolactin in human subjects were investigated. Circannual changes were recorded on a circadian basis in January, March, June and October in four groups of subjects: seven young men, six elderly men, six elderly women and six senile demented patients (two men and four women). Blood samples were drawn every 4 h over a 24-h period at the four sampling sessions. Circadian rhythms of the hormone were validated in all groups and at all sampling sessions except twice in elderly demented subjects. The 24-h mean levels of prolactin in plasma were approximately the same in young and elderly subjects. The circadian acrophases were most often located in the vicinity of 02.00–04.00 h. The circannual rhythmicity of the hormone showed a sex difference; the rhythm was not validated in either young or elderly men but was detected in the groups of elderly women and elderly demented patients (mainly women). The acrophases were located in May. This paper strongly suggests a sex difference in the circannual rhythmicity of plasma prolactin levels in elderly subjects.

scholarly journals Effects of Age and Sex on Estimated Diabetes Prevalence Using Different Diagnostic Criteria: The Tromsø OGTT Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moira Strand Hutchinson ◽  
Ragnar Martin Joakimsen ◽  
Inger Njølstad ◽  
Henrik Schirmer ◽  
Yngve Figenschau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Risk Profiles ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion ◽  
Age And Sex

HbA1c6.5% has recently been recommended as an alternative diagnostic criterion for diabetes. The aims of the study were to evaluate the effects of age, sex, and other factors on prevalence of diabetes and to compare risk profiles of subjects with diabetes when defined by HbA1cand glucose criteria. Subjects were recruited among participants in the longitudinal population-based Tromsø Study. HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and 2-hour plasma glucose were measured in 3,476 subjects. In total, 294 subjects met one or more of the diagnostic criteria for diabetes; 95 met the HbA1ccriterion only, 130 met the glucose criteria only, and 69 met both. Among subjects with diabetes detected by glucose criteria (regardless of HbA1c), isolated raised 2-hour plasma glucose was more common in subjects aged ≥ 60 years as compared to younger subjects and in elderly women as compared to elderly men. Subjects with diabetes detected by glucose criteria only had worse cardiometabolic risk profiles than those detected by HbA1conly. In conclusion, the current HbA1cand glucose criteria defined different subjects with diabetes with only modest overlap. Among a substantial proportion of elderly subjects, and especially elderly women, the 2-hour plasma glucose was the only abnormal value.

Effects of Sex and Age on Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol in Nondiabetic Subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (05) ◽  
pp. 288-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ouchi ◽  
K. Oba ◽  
H. Yamashita ◽  
M. Okazaki ◽  
M. Tsunoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Urinary Glucose

AbstractThe aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of sex and age on serum levels of 1,5-AG in nondiabetic subjects.A total of 1 134 nondiabetic subjects aged 16–96 years with HbA1c less than 6.8% were recruited and divided into 4 HbA1c groups (Q1: HbA1c≤5.3; Q2: 5.4–5.8; Q3: 5.9–6.3; and Q4: 6.4–6.8 [%]). 38 elderly subjects (65 years or older) in the Q3 and Q4 groups (13 men and 25 women) underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).The Q4 group had significantly lower 1,5-AG levels than did the Q1 group among nonelderly males, nonelderly females, and elderly men. In elderly women, 1,5-AG levels did not differ among the 4 HbA1c groups. In both nonelderly and elderly subjects, the 1,5-AG level of the Q1 group was significantly higher in males than in females. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that age was significantly associated with 1,5-AG level in both sexes. HbA1c was significantly associated with the 1,5-AG level in males, while there was no significant association between HbA1c and the 1,5-AG level in females. In the elderly OGTT group, although the glucose levels of both sexes during OGTT were identical, the mean urinary glucose levels and the percentages of subjects with glucosuria were significantly higher in elderly men than in elderly women.Serum 1,5-AG levels were significantly associated with age and sex. The sensitivity of the 1,5-AG level for identifying postprandial hyperglycemia in elderly women with near-normoglycemia is less reliable because they have a higher renal threshold for glucose.

COMPARISON OF MAXIMAL HIP JOINT TORQUE DURING CONCENTRIC, ISOMETRIC AND ECCENTRIC CONTRACTIONS BETWEEN ELDERLY MEN AND WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (08) ◽  
pp. 1840036 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU-RI KWON ◽  
YOON-HYEOK CHOI ◽  
GWANG-MOON EOM ◽  
JUNGHYUK KO ◽  
JI-WON KIM
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Flexion And Extension

A higher fall rate has been reported in elderly women than in elderly men. Muscle strength is one of the key fall risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate gender differences associated with maximal voluntary hip flexion and extension torque in concentric, isometric and eccentric contractions among the elderly subjects. A total of 20 healthy elderly subjects (10 men and 10 women) participated in this study. A dynamometer was used to measure hip joint torque during various modes of isokinetic contraction in frontal plane. The peak torque was normalized according to each subject’s body mass. Independent [Formula: see text]-tests were conducted to compare elderly women with elderly men. Elderly women exhibited weaker normalized peak torque during flexion and extension compared with elderly men in isometric contraction mode ([Formula: see text]). Eccentric strength of elderly women was significantly lower than in elderly men primarily in hip extension ([Formula: see text]). In contrast, no significant differences were observed in concentric contraction mode between the two genders ([Formula: see text]). These results suggest that the decreased muscle strength per body mass, especially in isometric and eccentric contraction, may be associated with a higher frequency of falls in elderly women than in elderly men. This study suggests the need for effective muscle strength training and intervention for fall prevention in elderly women.

Patterns of plasma melatonin with ageing and mental condition: stability of nyctohemeral rhythms and differences in seasonal variations

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Touitou ◽  
Michèle Fèvre ◽  
Andrè Bogdan ◽  
Alain Reinberg ◽  
Jean De Prins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Seasonal Rhythms ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract. Effects of ageing and mental condition on the nyctohemeral and seasonal rhythms of plasma melatonin in human subjects were investigated. Four groups of subjects were formed for a transverse study: 7 healthy young men (24 years), 6 elderly women, 6 elderly men and 6 elderly patients (2 men and 4 women) suffering from senile dementia (70–80 years). The subjects were synchronized. Blood samples were taken every 4 h during 24 h in January, March, June and October. In comparison to young men, the plasma levels of melatonin were markedly decreased (by about one half) in elderly subjects without any difference according to sex or mental condition. Nyctohemeral rhythms of the hormone were validated in all groups and at all sampling sessions. The nyctohemeral acrophases were remarkably stable (around 03.00 h) whatever the season, age or sex. A seasonal variation was found in all groups (except elderly women) with differences between young and elderly subjects: plasma melatonin levels were significantly lower in January than in June in young men, whereas in elderly subjects they were significantly lower in October than in January/March. No significant difference was observed in mesor, amplitude or acrophase of nyctohemeral and seasonal rhythms of plasma melatonin in patients with senile dementia when compared with healthy elderly subjects. The stability of the nyctohemeral peak time whatever the age group or season as opposed to the differences in the seasonal pattern of plasma melatonin according to the age groups raises the problems of both outdoor photoperiod and ageing in ruling the secretion of melatonin in man.

Age- and sex-associated modification of plasma melatonin concentrations in man. Relationship to pathology, malignant or not, and autopsy findings

1985 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Touitou ◽  
M. Fevre-Montange ◽  
J. Proust ◽  
E. Klinger ◽  
J. P. Nakache
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Pineal Function ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract. Plasma melatonin concentrations were determined in 757 unselected elderly patients aged 80.9 ± 9.7 years. The daytime (8–9.30 h) plasma levels of melatonin were in the so-called normal range in only one third of the population whereas 65% of the subjects had abnormal levels of the hormone, most often decreased i.e. less than 0.17 nmol/l (53%) and sometimes increased i.e. 0.43 nmol/l or higher (12%). A control group of healthy elderly subjects showed the same distribution as the entire population. A sex-difference with significantly higher levels of plasma melatonin in elderly women was observed. With respect to pathology and autopsy findings high levels of the hormone correlated with cancer, chronic renal failure, cardiovascular disease, biological inflammatory syndrome and diabetes. Low levels correlated with neurologic disease, tobacco or alcohol addiction. However, some of these relations were found to be sex-related as they were observed in women but not in men. Our data indicate that pineal function seems to be often altered in elderly human subjects and suggest potential diagnostic applications of melatonin determination.

Seasonal rhythms of plasma gonadotrophins: their persistence in elderly men and women

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Touitou ◽  
Michel Lagoguey ◽  
André Bogdan ◽  
Alain Reinberg ◽  
Hervé Beck
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Circannual Rhythm ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Seasonal Rhythms ◽  
The Core

Circannual changes of immunoreactive LH and FSH were documented on a circadian basis in January, March, June and October in four groups of subjects: seven young men, six elderly men, six elderly women and six men and women suffering from senile dementia. The sampling was serially dependent only for the young men and the core subgroups of elderly men and elderly women. A circadian rhythm for FSH was not detected in any group of subjects during any of the sampling sessions, whereas a circadian rhythm for LH was detected twice (June and October) in young men, once (October) in elderly demented patients, and not at all in the groups of elderly men and women. Both 24-h and yearly mean levels of gonadotrophins were higher in elderly subjects (two-to 25-fold according to the hormone, sex and season) than in young men. Circannual rhythms of plasma LH with large amplitudes were validated by the cosinor method, with an acrophase located in April or May. A circannual rhythm of plasma FSH was validated only in young men, with an acrophase in October. The persistence of a circannual rhythm of plasma LH with large amplitude in elderly subjects, associated with high mean levels of the hormone, especially in elderly women, suggests that this bioperiodicity of the pituitary gland is independent of gonadal function.

Ageing and the sensitivity of the adrenal gland to physiological doses of ACTH in man

1990 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Roberts ◽  
R. N. Barton ◽  
M. A. Horan
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Acth Secretion ◽  
Cortisol Responses

ABSTRACT Healthy men and women aged 19–38 or 67–83, in whom endogenous ACTH secretion was suppressed with dexamethasone, were given successive injections of 60 ng, 150 ng and 250 μg ACTH(1–24) at hourly intervals, and blood samples for measurement of plasma cortisol were taken every 10 min. The response to each injection was taken as the increase in cortisol concentration 20 min later, when there was a peak with the lower doses, with allowance for disappearance of cortisol produced after the previous injection. On average, the responses to 60 and 150 ng ACTH were about 0·4 and 0·7 respectively of the response to 250 μg. There were no consistent effects of age or sex on any index of adrenocortical sensitivity or responsiveness, but some groups showed isolated differences from both their age- and sex-matched counterparts: the response to 60 ng ACTH was low in young men, maximal responsiveness was low in elderly men and the slope of the dose–response curve was high in elderly women. In most of the elderly subjects, plasma ACTH was determined separately under normal conditions. It was negatively correlated with the cortisol responses to 60 and 150 ng ACTH, suggesting that differences in adrenal sensitivity between subjects contribute to the variability of plasma ACTH. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 126, 507–513

AGE- AND MENTAL HEALTH-RELATED CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS OF PLASMA LEVELS OF MELATONIN, PROLACTIN, LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE IN MAN

1981 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
YVAN TOUITOU ◽  
MICHÈLE FÈVRE ◽  
MICHEL LAGOGUEY ◽  
ALAIN CARAYON ◽  
ANDRÉ BOGDAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Health Related

Circadian changes in plasma levels of melatonin, prolactin, LH and FSH were studied in four groups: seven healthy young men, six elderly men, six elderly women and six elderly demented patients (two men and four women). The daily activities of the subjects were synchronous and blood samples were taken every 4 h. The 24-h mean concentrations of prolactin in plasma were the same in all groups, whereas those of LH and FSH were twice as high in the elderly as in the young men and eight and 23 times higher respectively in the elderly women. The 24-h mean plasma levels of melatonin in the elderly were half those in the young, but were not influenced by the sex or mental condition of the subjects. A statistically significant circadian rhythm for melatonin was defined in the four groups, for prolactin in all groups except the elderly men and for LH only in the demented patients and in the young men. No circadian rhythm could be detected for FSH in any of the four groups. The acrophases of melatonin and prolactin ranged between 02.30 and 04.00 h, those of LH (when a rhythm was validated) clustered around 01.00 h. The circadian rhythms of plasma levels of melatonin, prolactin and LH are not modified in old age nor in dementia. A positive correlation has been demonstrated in young men between melatonin and LH and between melatonin and prolactin, but no such correlation could be found in the elderly.

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