THE EFFECT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND THYROID FUNCTION ON THE METABOLISM OF OESTRADIOL

1965 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. BROWN ◽  
J. A. STRONG
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

SUMMARY The urinary excretion of endogenous and exogenous oestrogens was studied in patients with disordered thyroid function, and in obese and non-obese patients without evident thyroid disease. Hypothyroid patients and obese patients converted a larger percentage of administered oestradiol-17β to urinary oestriol and a lower percentage to urinary oestrone than hyperthyroid patients and non-obese patients. The recovery of administered oestradiol as oestriol, oestrone and oestradiol in urine was the same in the hypothyroid, obese and non-obese patients but considerably lower in the hyperthyroid patients. Similar differences were found in the urinary excretion of endogenous oestrogens. The excretion of endogenous oestrogens varies with the weight of the patient; it was greater in the obese than in the non-obese. The findings indicate that the pathways of oestrogen metabolism are influenced by a number of the factors, including thyroid function, associated with the weight of the patient.

Chemiluminescence immunoassay of thyrotropin with acridinium-ester-labeled antibody evaluated and compared with two other immunoassays.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2096-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Bounaud ◽  
J Y Bounaud ◽  
M H Bouin-Pineau ◽  
L Orget ◽  
F Begon
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
Immunoradiometric Assay ◽  
Chemiluminescence Immunoassay ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Acridinium Ester

Abstract A new chemiluminometric immunoassay of thyrotropin (TSH) involves antibody labeled with acridinium ester ("Magic Lite System," Ciba Corning Diagnostic Corp.). The assay is rapid, with two incubations totaling 2.5 h, requires two standards per run, and takes 10 s per sample for the quantification step. Analytical performance, within- and between-run reproducibilities, and linearity were excellent. The detection limit is 0.04 milli-int. unit/L. Results correlated well with those obtained by immunoradiometric assay (RIA-gnost hTSH, Hoechst-Behring) and immunofluorometric assay (hTSH Delfia, LKB): r = 0.975. TSH measurements in 32 euthyroid subjects ranged from 0.4 to 4.8 milli-int. units/L (mean 1.35 milli-int. units/L). TSH values for 51 hypothyroid and subclinically hypothyroid patients ranged from 2 to 65 milli-int. units/L. TSH values for 33 hyperthyroid patients (less than 0.14 milli-int. unit/L, less than 0.04 milli-int. unit/L in 16 of the 33) were clearly lower than for most untreated euthyroid subjects. For 169 other individuals whose thyroid function was being routinely assessed. TSH ranged from 0.4 to 4.8 milli-int. units/L, three had TSH less than 0.14 milli-int. unit/L, and four had TSH between 0.14 and 0.4 milli-int. unit/L. This system is as efficient and reliable for screening for thyroid function as the two comparison systems.

Thyroxine in unextracted urine

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Orden ◽  
J. Pie ◽  
M. G. Juste ◽  
J. A. Marsella ◽  
C. Blasco
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Renal Clearance ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Enzyme Hydrolysis ◽  
Renal Handling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

Abstract. The aim of this work was to estimate the daily urinary excretion of free and conjugated thyroxine using a direct radioimmunoassay and enzyme hydrolysis. The renal clearance of free T4 was also determined. The mean urinary values of free and total T4 (mean ± 1 sd) in 112 euthyroid controls were 1353 ± 496 and 1855 ± 651 pmol/24 h, respectively. Urinary excretion of free hormone in 13 hyperthyroid patients was 5552 ± 4320 pmol/24 h and total T4 was 8122 ± 7219 pmol/24 h. Urinary free T4 excretion was 223 ± 223 pmol/24 h in hypothyroid patients and total T4 was 542 ± 490 pmol/24 h. These results indicate that daily urinary T4 excretion is a good indicator of thyroid function. The mean renal clearance of free T4 was 52 ± 19 ml/min (mean ± 1 sd) in euthyroid patients, 53.7 ± 12.3 ml/min in hyperthyroid patients, and 67.6 ± 13.1 ml/min in hypothyroid patients. We estimated the endogenous creatinine renal clearance as a control of the renal filtration rate. The data suggest that there is T4 filtration of unbound T4 and partial tubular reabsorption. Further experimental studies will be necessary to clarify the renal handling of thyroxine as well as the fate of reabsorbed T4.

THYROID FUNCTION AND PLASMA CYCLIC AMP RESPONSE TO INTRAVENOUS GLUCAGON

1977 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 760-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nistrup Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Sensitive Test ◽  
Normal Response ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT The glucagon stimulated increase in plasma cyclic AMP has been studied in 17 healthy subjects, in 13 hyperthyroid and in 14 hypothyroid patients. Six hyperthyroid and 2 hypothyroid patients were re-investigated after at least 15 months of treatment. The results show: 1) The glucagon stimulated cyclic AMP response is significantly increased in hyperthyroid patients considered as a group, and is reduced in patients with hypothyroidism. 2) Three hyperthyroid and 4 hypothyroid patients showed a normal response to iv glucagon, indicating that the plasma cyclic AMP response to iv glucagon is not a sensitive test for the evaluation of peripheral thyroid states. This suggests that the effects of thyroid hormones in the liver does not necessarily follow the effects in other tissues. 3) Re-investigation of treated patients showed that the cyclic AMP response can be normalized by treatment, both in hyperthyroidism and in hypothyroidism. However, in patients treated for hyperthyroidism a hyper-response to glucagon can continue after blood levels of thyroid hormones are reduced to normal. This suggests an inertia in the loss of the hyper-response to glucagon, once a hyperfunction has been induced. A similar inertia in the loss of glucagon sensitivity in hypothyroidism could explain the large number of normal tests in hypothyroid patients.

EVALUATION OF THYROID STATUS WITH THE "EFFECTIVE THYROXINE RATIO" (E. T. R.®)

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Kølendorf ◽  
Kaj Siersbæk-Nielsen ◽  
Jens Mølholm Hansen ◽  
Thorkild Friis
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Free Thyroxine Index ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT A new in vitro thyroid function test, "Effective Thyroxine Ratio" (ETR®) has been tested in 170 patients, and the ETR values in patients with normal and abnormal thyroid function have been compared to the concentration of absolute free thyroxine and free thyroxine index in serum. Among 42 hyperthyroid patients tested with ETR, 13 had values within normal range (30.9 per cent). Three of 18 hypothyroid patients had normal values (16.8 per cent). Eighty-nine per cent of 27 pregnant women and all of 17 patients treated with genuine oestrogens had ETR values within normal range. A high positive correlation was found between values of ETR, absolute free thyroxine in serum (r = 0.62) and free thyroxine index (r = 0.83).

THE EFFECT OF TREATMENT OF HYPERAND HYPOTHYROIDISM ON URINARY EXCRETION OF CYCLIC ADENOSINE 3′,5′-MONOPHOSPHATE

1977 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Carter ◽  
D. A. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Euthyroid Status ◽  
Urinary Cyclic Amp ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT The urinary excretion of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) was examined in patients with hyperthyroidism and primary hypothyroidism, before treatment and at least six months later on return to euthyroid status. Urinary cyclic AMP excretion was significantly greater in the hyperthyroid group than in the hypothyroid group both in the basal state (P < 0.01) and the ambulant state (P < 0.001). In ambulant hyperthyroid patients absolute urinary cyclic AMP excretion (μmol/24 h) was significantly greater (P < 0.05) prior to treatment than on return to euthyroid status. In the hypothyroid group no significant change occurred after treatment with 1-thyroxine (P > 0.05). The mechanism of changes in urinary cyclic AMP excretion in thyroid disease are discussed.

scholarly journals Serum leptin levels in hypo- and hyperthyroidism

1998 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Leonhardt ◽  
U Ritzel ◽  
G Schafer ◽  
W Becker ◽  
G Ramadori
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Student’S T Test

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is an important circulating signal for the regulation of body weight. In the present study the role of immunoreactive leptin (leptin-IR) was investigated in functional thyroid disease. Serum leptin-IR levels of 23 hypothyroid and 19 hyperthyroid patients were compared with 21 controls. Leptin-IR was quantified by a specific RIA. In hyperthyroid patients, leptin-IR was not different from controls. Serum leptin-IR levels were significantly increased in hypothyroid patients (21.0 +/- 2.7 micrograms/l vs controls 10.8 +/- 2.1 micrograms/l, P = 0.0044). When serum leptin of hypothyroid patients was compared with euthyroid controls of the same body mass index the difference was still significant (P = 0.0333 by paired Student's t-test). This might indicate that elevation of the serum leptin level does not merely reflect changes in body weight secondary to hypothyroidism, but might be increased to overcome the gain of body weight caused by hypothyroidism.

HUMAN LYMPHOCYTE BINDING AND DEIODINATION OF THYROID HORMONES IN RELATION TO THYROID FUNCTION

1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Charlotte Holm ◽  
Thérèse Lemarchand-Béraud ◽  
Bianca-Rosa Scazziga ◽  
Serge Cuttelod
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Human Lymphocyte ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Affinity Constant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Binding Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT The human lymphocyte has been investigated regarding its function as a thyroid hormone target cell. Binding and deiodination of the thyroid hormones were determined after simultaneous incubation of 131I-labelled L-thyroxine (131I-T4) and 125I-labelled L-triiodothyronine (125I-T3) with lymphocytes from healthy subjects, from hyperthyroid and primary hypothyroid patients before and after treatment. The mean percentages of binding, 8.0 ± 0.5 (mean ± sem) for 131I-T4, and 9.7 ± 0.4 for 125I-T3 in the control group, were increased in the hyperthyroids to 10.1 ± 0.4 and 12.7 ± 0.6 respectively, and in the hypothyroids to 10.9 ± 0.7 and 12.8 ± 0.6. All elevated values returned to normal with successful treatment. The mean percentage of deiodination, 12.0 ± 1.7 for 131I-T4, and 6.5 ± 0.9 for 125I-T3 in the control group, showed a threefold increase in the hyperthyroid patients, to 35.9 ± 3.2 and 20.2 ± 1.9 respectively and remained unaltered in the hypothyroid patients. The values of successfully treated hyperthyroid patients were normal and those of the treated hypothyroid patients below normal. Human TSH added to the incubation medium stimulated the binding of both hormones, without influencing deiodination. Thus TSH might be active at the peripheral cellular level. This could contribute to the explanation of the increased binding by lymphocytes from primary hypothyroid patients with high serum concentrations of TSH. A preliminary analysis of the binding characteristics revealed an equilibrium affinity constant of 1.03·1010 m−1 for T3, and of 3.97· 109 m−1 for T4, with corresponding total numbers of binding sites of 1500 and 2000 per cell. It is concluded that, since lymphocyte activities closely reflect the thyroid function, these cells are well suited for studies on the peripheral fate of thyroid hormones and their cellular receptors.

Serum bile acid profile in thyroid dysfunction and effect of medical treatment

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoo Kosuge ◽  
Tomoe Beppu ◽  
Takao Kodama ◽  
Koh Hidai ◽  
Yasuo Idezuki
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Cholic Acid ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Chenodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Bile Acid ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

1. Serum non-esterified bile acid profile was examined in patients with thyroid dysfunction. Sixteen hyperthyroid patients, six hypothyroid patients, nine patients taking thyroid or antithyroid drugs and 26 healthy controls were studied. The medicated patients were euthyroid when serum samples were collected. Bile acid concentration was determined by the simplified microassay method involving mass fragmentation spectrometry. 2. The sum of the concentrations of the individual bile acids was not significantly different among the four groups. However, the composition of bile acid reflected the thyroid function. The most prominent bile acid was deoxycholic acid in the hypothyroid patients and chenodeoxycholic acid in the hyperthyroid patients. The serum bile acid profile of medically treated patients was similar to that of normal cpntrols. The ratio of the sum of deoxycholic and cholic acid to that of lithocholic and chenodeoxycholic acid was found to be a good indicator of thyroid function, while the ratio of cholic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid correlated poorly with it. 3. The characteristic effect of thyroid hormone on the serum bile acid composition in man was the shift from the ‘family’ of cholic acid to that of chenodeoxycholic acid. This is in agreement with experimental results in the rat, and suggests a specific action of thyroid hormone on the hydroxylating enzymes involved in the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids.

The circadian rhythm of melatonin in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism

1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Soszyński ◽  
Stefan Zgliczyński ◽  
Jolanta Pucilowska
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
Melatonin Concentration ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract. In order to determine the influence of thyroid function on the pineal gland in humans, the circadian rhythm of the serum melatonin concentration was estimated in 16 women with thyroid disorders: 8 with hypothyroidism and 8 with hyperthyroidism, as well as in 5 healthy controls. A significant melatonin circadian rhythm was observed in all the three groups studied. The melatonin rhythm parameters derived from cosinor analysis: mesor (controls: 0.163 ± 0.03 nmol/l (± sem), hypothyroid patients: 0.176 ± 0.22 nmol/l, and hyperthyroid patients: 0.167 ± 0.04 nmol), amplitude (0.155, 0.145 and 0.138 nmol/l, respectively), acrophase (1:38, 2:22 and 1:51 h, respectively) did not differ significantly in the three groups studied. Integrated 24-h melatonin secretion was also similar in patients and controls. The melatonin concentrations were positively correlated with TSH levels in hypothyroidism, and negatively correlated with T3 in hyperthyroidism. In conclusion: in patients with hypo- and hyperthyroidism the circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion is not altered.

LABORATORY TESTS OF THYROID FUNCTION IN HYPERTHYROIDISM II.

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (4_Suppla) ◽  
pp. S23-S35
Author(s):  
B.-A. Lamberg ◽  
O. P. Heinonen ◽  
K. Liewendahl ◽  
G. Kvist ◽  
M. Viherkoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Crossing Point ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT The distributions of 13 variables based on 10 laboratory tests measuring thyroid function were studied in euthyroid controls and in patients with toxic diffuse or toxic multinodular goitre. Density functions were fitted to the empirical data and the goodness of fit was evaluated by the use of the χ2-test. In a few instances there was a significant difference but the material available was in some respects too small to allow a very accurate estimation. The normal limits for each variable was defined by the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles. It appears that in some instances these limits are too rigorous from the practical point of view. It is emphasized that the crossing point of the functions for euthyroid controls and hyperthyroid patients may be a better limit to use. In a preliminary analysis of the diagnostic efficiency the variables of total or free hormone concentration in the blood proved clearily superior to all other variables.

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